33. Kerr YH, Waldteufel P, Wigneron JP, Martinuzzi JM, Font J, Berger M (2001) Soil moisture
retrieval from space: the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. IEEE Trans
Geosci Remote Sens 39:1729–1735
34. Prigent C, Aires F, Rossow WB (2006) Land surface microwave emissivities over the globe
for a decade. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 87:1573–1584
35. Kerr YH (2007) Soil moisture from space: where are we? Hydrogeol J 15:117–120
36. Kerr YH, Waldteufel P, Wigneron JP, Delwart S, Cabot F, Boutin J, Escorihuela MJ, Font J,
Reul N, Gruhier C, Juglea SE, Drinkwater MR, Hahne A, Martin-Neira M, Mecklenburg S
(2010) The SMOS mission: new tool for monitoring key elements of the global water cycle.
Proc IEEE 98:666–687
37. Font J, Camps AJ, Borges A, Martin-Neira M, Boutin J, Reul N, Kerr YH, Hahne A (2010)
SMOS: the challenging sea surface salinity measurement from space. Proc IEEE 98:649–665
38. McMullan KD, Brown MA, Martin-Neira M, Rits W, Ekholm S, Marti J, Lemanczyk J (2008)
SMOS: the payload. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 46:594–605
39. Merlin O, Walker JP, Chehbouni A, Kerr Y (2008) Towards deterministic downscaling of
SMOS soil moisture using MODIS derived soil evaporation efficiency. Remote Sens Environ
112:3935–3946
40. Jackson TJ, Schmugge TJ (1991) Vegetation effects on the microwave emission of soils.
Remote Sens Environ 36:203–212
41. Njoku EG, Entekhabi D (1996) Passive microwave remote sensing of soil moisture. J Hydrol
184:101–129
42. Aires F, Papa F, Prigent C (2013) A long-term, high-resolution wetland data set over the
Amazon Basin, downscaled from a multi-wavelength retrieval using SAR data. J
Hydrometeorol 14(2):594–607
43. Aires F, Papa F, Prigent C, Cre ´taux JF, Berge-Nguyen M (2013) Characterization and space/
time downscaling of the inundation extent over the Inner Niger Delta using GIEMS and
MODIS data. J Hydrometeorol 15(1):171–192. doi:10.1175/JHM-D-13-032.1
44. Entekhabi D, Njoku EG, O’Neill PE, Kellogg KH, Crow WT, Edelstein WN, Entin JK,
Goodman SD, Jackson TJ, Johnson J, Kimball J, Piepmeier JR, Koster RD, Martin N,
McDonald KC, Moghaddam M, Moran S, Reichle R, Shi JC, Spencer MW, Thurman SW,
Tsang L, Van Ziel J (2010) The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission. Proc IEEE
98:704–716
45. Piles M, Entekhabi D, Camps A (2009) A change detection algorithm for retrieving highresolution soil moisture from SMAP radar and radiometer observations. IEEE Trans Geosci
Remote Sens 47:4125–4131
46. Anderson MP (2007) Introducing groundwater physics. Phys Today 60:42–47
47. Younger PL (2007) Groundwater in the environment: an introduction. Blackwell, Oxford, p
318
48. Hutti B, Nijagunappa R (2011) Application of geoinformatics in water resources management of semi-arid regions, North Karnataka, India. Int J Geomatics Geosci 2:373–382
49. Purkis S, Klemas V (2011) Remote sensing and global environmental change. WileyBlackwell, Oxford, p 367
50. Pool DR, Eychaner JH (1995) Measurements of aquifer storage change and specific yield
using gravity surveys. Ground Water 33:425–432
51. Ramillien G, Frappart F, Cazenave A, Gu ¨ntner A (2005) Time variations of the land water
storage from an inversion of 2 years of GRACE geoids. Earth Planet Sci Lett 235:283–301
52. Swenson S, Wahr J, Milly PCD (2003) Estimated accuracies of regional water storage
variations inferred from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). Water
Resour Res 39:12–23
53. Schmidt R, Schwinzer P, Flechtner F, Reigber C, Guntner A, Doll P, Ramillien P,
Cazenave A, Petrovic S, Jochmann H, Wunsch J (2006) GRACE observations of changes
in continental water storage. Global Planet Change 50:112–126
56
V. Klemas and A. Pieterse
retrieval from space: the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission. IEEE Trans
Geosci Remote Sens 39:1729–1735
34. Prigent C, Aires F, Rossow WB (2006) Land surface microwave emissivities over the globe
for a decade. Bull Am Meteorol Soc 87:1573–1584
35. Kerr YH (2007) Soil moisture from space: where are we? Hydrogeol J 15:117–120
36. Kerr YH, Waldteufel P, Wigneron JP, Delwart S, Cabot F, Boutin J, Escorihuela MJ, Font J,
Reul N, Gruhier C, Juglea SE, Drinkwater MR, Hahne A, Martin-Neira M, Mecklenburg S
(2010) The SMOS mission: new tool for monitoring key elements of the global water cycle.
Proc IEEE 98:666–687
37. Font J, Camps AJ, Borges A, Martin-Neira M, Boutin J, Reul N, Kerr YH, Hahne A (2010)
SMOS: the challenging sea surface salinity measurement from space. Proc IEEE 98:649–665
38. McMullan KD, Brown MA, Martin-Neira M, Rits W, Ekholm S, Marti J, Lemanczyk J (2008)
SMOS: the payload. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 46:594–605
39. Merlin O, Walker JP, Chehbouni A, Kerr Y (2008) Towards deterministic downscaling of
SMOS soil moisture using MODIS derived soil evaporation efficiency. Remote Sens Environ
112:3935–3946
40. Jackson TJ, Schmugge TJ (1991) Vegetation effects on the microwave emission of soils.
Remote Sens Environ 36:203–212
41. Njoku EG, Entekhabi D (1996) Passive microwave remote sensing of soil moisture. J Hydrol
184:101–129
42. Aires F, Papa F, Prigent C (2013) A long-term, high-resolution wetland data set over the
Amazon Basin, downscaled from a multi-wavelength retrieval using SAR data. J
Hydrometeorol 14(2):594–607
43. Aires F, Papa F, Prigent C, Cre ´taux JF, Berge-Nguyen M (2013) Characterization and space/
time downscaling of the inundation extent over the Inner Niger Delta using GIEMS and
MODIS data. J Hydrometeorol 15(1):171–192. doi:10.1175/JHM-D-13-032.1
44. Entekhabi D, Njoku EG, O’Neill PE, Kellogg KH, Crow WT, Edelstein WN, Entin JK,
Goodman SD, Jackson TJ, Johnson J, Kimball J, Piepmeier JR, Koster RD, Martin N,
McDonald KC, Moghaddam M, Moran S, Reichle R, Shi JC, Spencer MW, Thurman SW,
Tsang L, Van Ziel J (2010) The Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission. Proc IEEE
98:704–716
45. Piles M, Entekhabi D, Camps A (2009) A change detection algorithm for retrieving highresolution soil moisture from SMAP radar and radiometer observations. IEEE Trans Geosci
Remote Sens 47:4125–4131
46. Anderson MP (2007) Introducing groundwater physics. Phys Today 60:42–47
47. Younger PL (2007) Groundwater in the environment: an introduction. Blackwell, Oxford, p
318
48. Hutti B, Nijagunappa R (2011) Application of geoinformatics in water resources management of semi-arid regions, North Karnataka, India. Int J Geomatics Geosci 2:373–382
49. Purkis S, Klemas V (2011) Remote sensing and global environmental change. WileyBlackwell, Oxford, p 367
50. Pool DR, Eychaner JH (1995) Measurements of aquifer storage change and specific yield
using gravity surveys. Ground Water 33:425–432
51. Ramillien G, Frappart F, Cazenave A, Gu ¨ntner A (2005) Time variations of the land water
storage from an inversion of 2 years of GRACE geoids. Earth Planet Sci Lett 235:283–301
52. Swenson S, Wahr J, Milly PCD (2003) Estimated accuracies of regional water storage
variations inferred from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE). Water
Resour Res 39:12–23
53. Schmidt R, Schwinzer P, Flechtner F, Reigber C, Guntner A, Doll P, Ramillien P,
Cazenave A, Petrovic S, Jochmann H, Wunsch J (2006) GRACE observations of changes
in continental water storage. Global Planet Change 50:112–126
56
V. Klemas and A. Pieterse