water quantity and quality in a watershed. Furthermore, it allows data collection
when it is normally impractical with discrete sampling. Telemetry is a great
addition to sensor technologies and DCP because it provides to user real-time
data and ensures that the user is collecting the highest quality data. Advances in
software to acquire, process, model, and publish water data have resulted in
simplified data management, analysis, and information sharing to enable better
decisions for the sustainable management of water resources.
In conclusion, water sensor technologies, associated computer hardware/software, and telemetry technologies are evolving fields of research and technology
development. New and advanced technologies, for example, biosensors and various
integrated technologies, provide exciting opportunities and challenges for futuristic
water monitoring programs and aquatic ecosystem preservation.
Disclaimer This chapter provides an overview of water sensor technologies and associated fields.
References are provided for informational purposes only and do not constitute endorsement of any
manufacturers, websites, or other sources cited in this chapter.
References
1. Younos T (ed) (2003) Advances in water monitoring research. Water Resources, Littleton,
p 230
2. Freeman LA, Carpenter MC, Rosenberry DO, Rousseau JP, Unger R, McLean JS (2004) Use
of submersible pressure transducers in water-resources investigations. Techniques of waterresources investigations 8-A3. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, p 50
3. NOAA (2011) Test and evaluation report: limited acceptance of the design analysis WaterLog
® H-3611i microwave radar water level sensor. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) technical report NOS CO-OPS 061. Silver Spring, MD, p 55
4. NOAA (2013) Field installation guide field installation procedures for design analysis WaterLog
® H3611i microwave radar water level sensor using the Sutron Data Collection Platform
version 1.0. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Ocean Systems Test
and Evaluation Program, p 52
5. Mueller DS, Wagner CR (2013) Measuring discharge with acoustic Doppler current profilers
from a moving boat. Techniques and methods 3-A22. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, p 64
6. Levesque VA, Oberg KA (2012) Computing discharge using the index velocity method.
Techniques and methods 3-A23, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, p 148
7. USEPA (2012) 5.3 Temperature. In: Water: monitoring and assessment. http://water.epa.gov/
type/rsl/monitoring/vms53.cfm. Accessed 5 Sept 2014
8. USEPA (2012) 5.9 Conductivity. In: Water: monitoring and assessment. http://water.epa.gov/
type/rsl/monitoring/vms59.cfm. Accessed 5 Sept 2014
9. APHA (2014) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 22nd edn.
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association & Water Environment Federation, Baltimore
10. USEPA (2012) 5.4 pH. In: Water: monitoring and assessment. http://water.epa.gov/type/rsl/
monitoring/vms54.cfm. Accessed 5 Sept 2014
11. Fondriest Environmental, Inc. (2014) pH of water. Fundamentals of environmental measurements. http://www.fondriest.com/environmental-measurements/parameters/water-quality/ph/.
Accessed 5 Sept 2014
12. YSI Incorporated, a Xylem, Inc. Brand (2009) The dissolved oxygen handbook. W39 0909
202
T. Younos and C.J. Heyer
when it is normally impractical with discrete sampling. Telemetry is a great
addition to sensor technologies and DCP because it provides to user real-time
data and ensures that the user is collecting the highest quality data. Advances in
software to acquire, process, model, and publish water data have resulted in
simplified data management, analysis, and information sharing to enable better
decisions for the sustainable management of water resources.
In conclusion, water sensor technologies, associated computer hardware/software, and telemetry technologies are evolving fields of research and technology
development. New and advanced technologies, for example, biosensors and various
integrated technologies, provide exciting opportunities and challenges for futuristic
water monitoring programs and aquatic ecosystem preservation.
Disclaimer This chapter provides an overview of water sensor technologies and associated fields.
References are provided for informational purposes only and do not constitute endorsement of any
manufacturers, websites, or other sources cited in this chapter.
References
1. Younos T (ed) (2003) Advances in water monitoring research. Water Resources, Littleton,
p 230
2. Freeman LA, Carpenter MC, Rosenberry DO, Rousseau JP, Unger R, McLean JS (2004) Use
of submersible pressure transducers in water-resources investigations. Techniques of waterresources investigations 8-A3. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, p 50
3. NOAA (2011) Test and evaluation report: limited acceptance of the design analysis WaterLog
® H-3611i microwave radar water level sensor. National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) technical report NOS CO-OPS 061. Silver Spring, MD, p 55
4. NOAA (2013) Field installation guide field installation procedures for design analysis WaterLog
® H3611i microwave radar water level sensor using the Sutron Data Collection Platform
version 1.0. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Ocean Systems Test
and Evaluation Program, p 52
5. Mueller DS, Wagner CR (2013) Measuring discharge with acoustic Doppler current profilers
from a moving boat. Techniques and methods 3-A22. U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, p 64
6. Levesque VA, Oberg KA (2012) Computing discharge using the index velocity method.
Techniques and methods 3-A23, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, p 148
7. USEPA (2012) 5.3 Temperature. In: Water: monitoring and assessment. http://water.epa.gov/
type/rsl/monitoring/vms53.cfm. Accessed 5 Sept 2014
8. USEPA (2012) 5.9 Conductivity. In: Water: monitoring and assessment. http://water.epa.gov/
type/rsl/monitoring/vms59.cfm. Accessed 5 Sept 2014
9. APHA (2014) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 22nd edn.
American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association & Water Environment Federation, Baltimore
10. USEPA (2012) 5.4 pH. In: Water: monitoring and assessment. http://water.epa.gov/type/rsl/
monitoring/vms54.cfm. Accessed 5 Sept 2014
11. Fondriest Environmental, Inc. (2014) pH of water. Fundamentals of environmental measurements. http://www.fondriest.com/environmental-measurements/parameters/water-quality/ph/.
Accessed 5 Sept 2014
12. YSI Incorporated, a Xylem, Inc. Brand (2009) The dissolved oxygen handbook. W39 0909
202
T. Younos and C.J. Heyer