Organometallic Compounds
61
2.4.18
General and Priority Pollutants
Faure et al. [149] have discussed the application of gel chromatography and ultra
filtration to the fractionation of organic substances in sediments. Keith et al. [150] and
Reijnders et al. [151] reviewed applications of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to sediment analysis. Lopez-Avila et al. [152] investigated the efficiency of dichloromethane extraction procedures for the isolation of organic compounds from sediments prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The compounds investigated
were the 51 priority pollutants listed by the Environmental Protection Agency,
USA.
2.4.19
Organosulphur Compounds
Alkyl benzene sulphonates and dialkyl tetralin sulphonates have been determined in
sediments by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [737] with a detection limit of
O.5l1g kg-I.
Shea and Mac Crehan [757] determined hydrophilic thiols in sediment porewater
using ion-pair liquid chromatography coupled to an electrochemical detector. Down
to 2 pm absolute of these compounds could be determined including cysteine, monothioglycerol, glutathione, mercapto-pyruvic acid, 3-mercaptopropanoic acid and
2-mercaptopropanoic acid.
2.S
Organometallic Compounds
2.5.7
Lead
Chau et al. [156] have described a hexane extraction-gas chromatographic atomic
absorption spectrometric method for the determination of five organolead compounds (Me 4 Pb, Me 3 EtPb, MezEtzPb, MeEt 3 Pb and Et 4 Pb) in river sediments. The
sediment is first stirred with EDT A to dissolve inorganic lead. Alkyl lead contents
ranged from 8.3 mg kg- I (methyl/ triethyllead) to 12.0 mg kg- I (tetraethyllead). Recoveries were in the range 81-85 % for the five methyl / ethyl lead compounds.
The detection limit was 0.01 mg kg-I. The application of a combination of gas
chromatography and atomic absorption spectrometry to the determination of tetraalkyllead compounds in sediments has also been discussed by Chau et al. [157] and
Segar [158].
Chau et al. [159] extracted wet sediment samples with benzene in the presence of
added sodium chloride, potassium iodide, sodium benzoate and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. After centrifugation, a measured volume of the benzene extract was
butylated using n-butyl magnesium chloride to convert ethyl methyl lead compounds
to their corresponding tetraalkyl forms, R n PbBu(4_n)' and Bu 4 Pb, respectively
(R = Me,Et) all of which can be determined by gas chromatography using an atomic
61
2.4.18
General and Priority Pollutants
Faure et al. [149] have discussed the application of gel chromatography and ultra
filtration to the fractionation of organic substances in sediments. Keith et al. [150] and
Reijnders et al. [151] reviewed applications of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to sediment analysis. Lopez-Avila et al. [152] investigated the efficiency of dichloromethane extraction procedures for the isolation of organic compounds from sediments prior to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The compounds investigated
were the 51 priority pollutants listed by the Environmental Protection Agency,
USA.
2.4.19
Organosulphur Compounds
Alkyl benzene sulphonates and dialkyl tetralin sulphonates have been determined in
sediments by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry [737] with a detection limit of
O.5l1g kg-I.
Shea and Mac Crehan [757] determined hydrophilic thiols in sediment porewater
using ion-pair liquid chromatography coupled to an electrochemical detector. Down
to 2 pm absolute of these compounds could be determined including cysteine, monothioglycerol, glutathione, mercapto-pyruvic acid, 3-mercaptopropanoic acid and
2-mercaptopropanoic acid.
2.S
Organometallic Compounds
2.5.7
Lead
Chau et al. [156] have described a hexane extraction-gas chromatographic atomic
absorption spectrometric method for the determination of five organolead compounds (Me 4 Pb, Me 3 EtPb, MezEtzPb, MeEt 3 Pb and Et 4 Pb) in river sediments. The
sediment is first stirred with EDT A to dissolve inorganic lead. Alkyl lead contents
ranged from 8.3 mg kg- I (methyl/ triethyllead) to 12.0 mg kg- I (tetraethyllead). Recoveries were in the range 81-85 % for the five methyl / ethyl lead compounds.
The detection limit was 0.01 mg kg-I. The application of a combination of gas
chromatography and atomic absorption spectrometry to the determination of tetraalkyllead compounds in sediments has also been discussed by Chau et al. [157] and
Segar [158].
Chau et al. [159] extracted wet sediment samples with benzene in the presence of
added sodium chloride, potassium iodide, sodium benzoate and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate. After centrifugation, a measured volume of the benzene extract was
butylated using n-butyl magnesium chloride to convert ethyl methyl lead compounds
to their corresponding tetraalkyl forms, R n PbBu(4_n)' and Bu 4 Pb, respectively
(R = Me,Et) all of which can be determined by gas chromatography using an atomic