Smith GT, Brenowitz EA, Beecher MD, Wingfield JC (1997b) Seasonal changes in
testosterone, neural attributes of song control nuclei, and song structure in wild
songbirds. J Neurosci 17:6001–6010.
Solis R, Penna M (1997) Testosterone levels and evoked vocal responses in a natural
population of the frog Batrachyla taeniata. Horm Behav 31:101–109.
Soma KK, Hartman VN, Wingfield JC, Brenowitz EA (1999a) Seasonal changes in
androgen receptor immunoreactivity in the song nucleus HVc of a wild bird.
J Comp Neurol 409:224–236.
Soma KK, Sullivan K, Wingfield JC (1999b) Combined aromatase inhibitor and
antiandrogen treatment decreases territorial aggression in a wild songbird during
the nonbreeding season. Gen Comp Endocrinol 115:442–453.
Tobias M, Kelley D (1987) Vocalizations of a sexually dimorphic isolated larynx:
Peripheral constraints on behavioral expression. J Neurosci 7:3191–3197.
Tobias ML, Marin M, Kelley DB (1991) Temporal constraints on androgen directed
laryngeal masculinization in Xenopus laevis. Dev Biol 147:260–270.
Tobias ML, Viswanathan S, Kelley DB (1998) Rapping, a female receptive call, initiates male/female duets in the South African clawed frog. Proc Natl Acad Sci
U S A 95:1870–1875.
Townsent DS, Moger WH (1987) Plasma androgen levels during male parental care
in a tropical frog (Eleutherodactylus). Horm Behav 21:92–99.
Ulibarri CM, Yahr P (1993) Ontogeny of the sexually dimorphic area of the gerbil
hypothalamus. Dev Brain Res 74:14–24.
Vagell ME, McGinnis MY (1998) The role of gonadal steroid receptor activation in
the restoration of sociosexual behavior in adult male rats. Horm Behav 33:
163–179.
Valverde MA, Rojas P, Amigo J, Cosmelli D, Orio P, Bahamonde MI, Mann GE,
Vergara C, Latorre R (1999) Acute activation of Maxi-K channels (hSlo) by estradiol binding to the b subunit. Science 285:1929–1931.
Wada M, Gorbman A (1977a) Relation of mode of administration of testosterone
to evocation of male sex behavior in frogs. Horm Behav 8:310–319.
Wada M, Gorbman A (1977b) Mate calling induced by electrical stimulation in
freely moving leopard frogs Rana pipiens. Horm Behav 9:141–149.
Wade J, Arnold AP (1996) Functional testicular tissue does not masculinize development of the zebra finch song system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:5264–5268.
Wade J, Springer ML, Wingfield JC, Arnold AP (1996) Neither testicular androgens
nor embryonic aromatase activity alters morphology of the neural song system in
zebra finches. Biol Reprod 55:1126–1132.
Wagner WE Jr (1989) Fighting, assessment, and frequency alteration in Blanchard’s
cricket frog. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 25:429–436.
Walkowiak W (1980) The coding of auditory signals in the torus semicircularis of
the fire-bellied toad and the grass frog: Responses to simple stimuli and to conspecific calls. J Comp Physiol 138:131–148.
Walters MJ, McEwen BS, Harding C (1988) Estrogen receptor levels in hypothalamic and vocal control nuclei in the male zebra finch. Brain Res 459:37–43.
Watson J, Kelley D (1992) Testicular masculinization of vocal behavior in juvenile
female Xenopus laevis: Prolonged sensitive period reveals component features of
behavioral development. J Comp Physiol 171:343–350.
Watson J, Robertson J, Sachdev U, and Kelley D (1993) Laryngeal muscle and motor
neuron plasticity in Xenopus laevis: Analysis of a sensitive period for testicular
masculinization of a neuromuscular system. J Neurobiol 24:1615–1625.
322
A. Yamaguchi and D.B. Kelley
testosterone, neural attributes of song control nuclei, and song structure in wild
songbirds. J Neurosci 17:6001–6010.
Solis R, Penna M (1997) Testosterone levels and evoked vocal responses in a natural
population of the frog Batrachyla taeniata. Horm Behav 31:101–109.
Soma KK, Hartman VN, Wingfield JC, Brenowitz EA (1999a) Seasonal changes in
androgen receptor immunoreactivity in the song nucleus HVc of a wild bird.
J Comp Neurol 409:224–236.
Soma KK, Sullivan K, Wingfield JC (1999b) Combined aromatase inhibitor and
antiandrogen treatment decreases territorial aggression in a wild songbird during
the nonbreeding season. Gen Comp Endocrinol 115:442–453.
Tobias M, Kelley D (1987) Vocalizations of a sexually dimorphic isolated larynx:
Peripheral constraints on behavioral expression. J Neurosci 7:3191–3197.
Tobias ML, Marin M, Kelley DB (1991) Temporal constraints on androgen directed
laryngeal masculinization in Xenopus laevis. Dev Biol 147:260–270.
Tobias ML, Viswanathan S, Kelley DB (1998) Rapping, a female receptive call, initiates male/female duets in the South African clawed frog. Proc Natl Acad Sci
U S A 95:1870–1875.
Townsent DS, Moger WH (1987) Plasma androgen levels during male parental care
in a tropical frog (Eleutherodactylus). Horm Behav 21:92–99.
Ulibarri CM, Yahr P (1993) Ontogeny of the sexually dimorphic area of the gerbil
hypothalamus. Dev Brain Res 74:14–24.
Vagell ME, McGinnis MY (1998) The role of gonadal steroid receptor activation in
the restoration of sociosexual behavior in adult male rats. Horm Behav 33:
163–179.
Valverde MA, Rojas P, Amigo J, Cosmelli D, Orio P, Bahamonde MI, Mann GE,
Vergara C, Latorre R (1999) Acute activation of Maxi-K channels (hSlo) by estradiol binding to the b subunit. Science 285:1929–1931.
Wada M, Gorbman A (1977a) Relation of mode of administration of testosterone
to evocation of male sex behavior in frogs. Horm Behav 8:310–319.
Wada M, Gorbman A (1977b) Mate calling induced by electrical stimulation in
freely moving leopard frogs Rana pipiens. Horm Behav 9:141–149.
Wade J, Arnold AP (1996) Functional testicular tissue does not masculinize development of the zebra finch song system. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 93:5264–5268.
Wade J, Springer ML, Wingfield JC, Arnold AP (1996) Neither testicular androgens
nor embryonic aromatase activity alters morphology of the neural song system in
zebra finches. Biol Reprod 55:1126–1132.
Wagner WE Jr (1989) Fighting, assessment, and frequency alteration in Blanchard’s
cricket frog. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 25:429–436.
Walkowiak W (1980) The coding of auditory signals in the torus semicircularis of
the fire-bellied toad and the grass frog: Responses to simple stimuli and to conspecific calls. J Comp Physiol 138:131–148.
Walters MJ, McEwen BS, Harding C (1988) Estrogen receptor levels in hypothalamic and vocal control nuclei in the male zebra finch. Brain Res 459:37–43.
Watson J, Kelley D (1992) Testicular masculinization of vocal behavior in juvenile
female Xenopus laevis: Prolonged sensitive period reveals component features of
behavioral development. J Comp Physiol 171:343–350.
Watson J, Robertson J, Sachdev U, and Kelley D (1993) Laryngeal muscle and motor
neuron plasticity in Xenopus laevis: Analysis of a sensitive period for testicular
masculinization of a neuromuscular system. J Neurobiol 24:1615–1625.
322
A. Yamaguchi and D.B. Kelley