and midbrain auditory thresholds in the cricket frog Acris crepitans blanchardi.
Ph.D. Thesis, University of Texas, Austin.
Wagner WE Jr (1989) Social correlates of variation in male calling behavior in
Blanchard’s cricket frog, Acris crepitans blanchardi. Ethology 82:27–45.
Wagner WE Jr, Sullivan BK (1995) Sexual selection in the gulf coast toad Bufo
valliceps: Female choice based on variable characters. Anim Behav 49:305–
319.
Wallschager D (1980) Correlation of song frequency and body weight in passerine
birds. Experientia (Basel) 36:412.
Waser PM, Brown CH (1986) Habitat acoustics and primate communication. Am J
Primatol 10:135–154.
Waser PM, Waser MS (1977) Experimental studies of primate vocalization: Specializations for long-distance propagation. Z Tierpsychol 43:239–263.
Welch AM, Semlitsch RD, Gerhardt HC (1998) Call duration as an indicator of
genetic quality in male gray tree frogs. Science 280:1928–1930.
Wells KD (2001) The energetics of calling in frogs. In: Ryan MJ (ed) Anuran
Communication. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 45–
60.
Wells KD, Taigen TL (1986) The effect of social interactions on calling energetics in
the gray tree frog (Hyla versicolor). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 19:9–18.
Wells KD, Taigen TL (1989) Calling energetics of a neotropical tree frog, Hyla
microcephala Behav Ecol Sociobiol 25:13–22.
Wells KD, Taigen TL, Rusch SW, Robb CC (1995) Seasonal and nightly variation
in glycogen reserves of calling gray tree frogs (Hyla versicolor). Herpetologica
51:359–368.
Wilczynski W, Ryan MJ (1999) Geographic variation in animal communication
systems. In: Foster SA, Endler JA (eds) Geographic Variation in Behavior. Perspectives on Evolutionary Mechanisms. New York: Oxford University Press, pp.
234–261.
Wilczynski W, Keddy-Hector A, Ryan MJ (1992) Call patterns and basilar papilla
tuning in cricket frogs. I. Differences among populations and between sexes. Brain
Behav Evol 39:229–237.
Wiley RH (1991) Associations of song properties with habitats for territorial oscine
birds of eastern North America. Am Nat 138:973–993.
Wiley RH, Richards DG (1978) Physical constraints on acoustic communication
in the atmosphere: Implications for the evolution of animal vocalizations. Behav
Ecol Sociobiol 3:69–94.
Wilkinson GS, Reillo PR (1994) Female choice response to artificial selection on
an exaggerated male trait in a stalk-eyed fly. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 255:
1–6.
Williams GC (1966) Adaptation and Natural Selection. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press.
Wood A (1962) The Physics of Music. London: Methuen.
Zahavi A, Zahavi A (1997) The Handicap Principle. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Zakon HH, Wilczynski W (1988) The physiology of the anuran eighth nerve. In:
Fritzsch B, Ryan M, Wilczynski W, Walkowiak W, Hetherington T (eds) The Evolution of the Amphibian Auditory System. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.,
pp. 125–155.
5. Selection on Signals
273
Ph.D. Thesis, University of Texas, Austin.
Wagner WE Jr (1989) Social correlates of variation in male calling behavior in
Blanchard’s cricket frog, Acris crepitans blanchardi. Ethology 82:27–45.
Wagner WE Jr, Sullivan BK (1995) Sexual selection in the gulf coast toad Bufo
valliceps: Female choice based on variable characters. Anim Behav 49:305–
319.
Wallschager D (1980) Correlation of song frequency and body weight in passerine
birds. Experientia (Basel) 36:412.
Waser PM, Brown CH (1986) Habitat acoustics and primate communication. Am J
Primatol 10:135–154.
Waser PM, Waser MS (1977) Experimental studies of primate vocalization: Specializations for long-distance propagation. Z Tierpsychol 43:239–263.
Welch AM, Semlitsch RD, Gerhardt HC (1998) Call duration as an indicator of
genetic quality in male gray tree frogs. Science 280:1928–1930.
Wells KD (2001) The energetics of calling in frogs. In: Ryan MJ (ed) Anuran
Communication. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, pp. 45–
60.
Wells KD, Taigen TL (1986) The effect of social interactions on calling energetics in
the gray tree frog (Hyla versicolor). Behav Ecol Sociobiol 19:9–18.
Wells KD, Taigen TL (1989) Calling energetics of a neotropical tree frog, Hyla
microcephala Behav Ecol Sociobiol 25:13–22.
Wells KD, Taigen TL, Rusch SW, Robb CC (1995) Seasonal and nightly variation
in glycogen reserves of calling gray tree frogs (Hyla versicolor). Herpetologica
51:359–368.
Wilczynski W, Ryan MJ (1999) Geographic variation in animal communication
systems. In: Foster SA, Endler JA (eds) Geographic Variation in Behavior. Perspectives on Evolutionary Mechanisms. New York: Oxford University Press, pp.
234–261.
Wilczynski W, Keddy-Hector A, Ryan MJ (1992) Call patterns and basilar papilla
tuning in cricket frogs. I. Differences among populations and between sexes. Brain
Behav Evol 39:229–237.
Wiley RH (1991) Associations of song properties with habitats for territorial oscine
birds of eastern North America. Am Nat 138:973–993.
Wiley RH, Richards DG (1978) Physical constraints on acoustic communication
in the atmosphere: Implications for the evolution of animal vocalizations. Behav
Ecol Sociobiol 3:69–94.
Wilkinson GS, Reillo PR (1994) Female choice response to artificial selection on
an exaggerated male trait in a stalk-eyed fly. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 255:
1–6.
Williams GC (1966) Adaptation and Natural Selection. Princeton, NJ: Princeton
University Press.
Wood A (1962) The Physics of Music. London: Methuen.
Zahavi A, Zahavi A (1997) The Handicap Principle. Oxford: Oxford University
Press.
Zakon HH, Wilczynski W (1988) The physiology of the anuran eighth nerve. In:
Fritzsch B, Ryan M, Wilczynski W, Walkowiak W, Hetherington T (eds) The Evolution of the Amphibian Auditory System. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.,
pp. 125–155.
5. Selection on Signals
273