Table 4.1. Selected bird species for which vocal learning of calls has been studied.
Bird
Social
Genetics and
Vocal learning
LA
Alternative
group
Species
structure
Call
Function
relatedness
evidence
SM*
explanations
Exp
‡
References
Oscines
Campylorhynchus
stable
family- and
maintain
primarily
all males share
U
repertoires
N
Price 1998a,
nuchalis
family
sexcontact
related males;
sex-specific
reflect
1998b, 1999
(stripegroups
specific
among
females
repertoire;
patrilineal
backed
that defend
call
group
disperse from
females share
or matrilineal
wren)
long-term
repertoires
mates;
neighboring
sex-specific
kinship;
territories
territorial
territories;
repertoire;
therefore,
defense;
some males
unrelated
genetics could
identify
disperse to
juvenile males
contribute
group
neighboring
learn new
members
territories
groups’
repertoire
Cacicus cela
colonyunknown
unknown
shared song
U
N
Feekes 1977,
vitellinus
specific
types among
1982; Trainer
(yellowsongs
males in
1987, 1988,
rumped
colony;
1989
caciques)
differences
between
colonies;
distance effect
148