Modiolus, 78
Modulation rate transfer function, 309ff,
336
Monkey lips, see also Phonic lips, Museau de singe, 11, 125ff
Monodon monocerus, see Narwhal
Mother-infant interactions, 172
Moths, bat predation, 167
Mouse eared bat (Myotis myotis), auditory CNS, 280
Musculature, facial, 138
Museau de singe, see also Monkey lips
sound production, 11 ff, 35
sperm whale, 123
Mustache bat (Pteronotus parnelli), 99
cerebellum, 282
hearing, 157
Myotis myotis, see Mouse-eared bat
Mysticete
acoustic categories, 54
auditory nerve size, 279
cochleae, 85
definition, 1
ears, 43ff
hearing, 8ff
middle ear, 64
middle ear volume, 76
song, 28ff
sound emission, 27ff
peribullar structures, 67
see also Baleen whales
wide frequency range, 93
Narwhal (Monodon monoceros), cochlear
anatomy, 84
click source levels, 379
cochlear anatomy, 84
echolocation, 166
Nasal air sacs
biosonar beam formation, I 38-139
common dolphin, 143
Nasal diverticula, biosonar beam formation, 138
Nasal mucosa, sound production, 135
Nasal muscle, biosonar beam formation,
140
Nasal passages, air-borne sounds, 116
biosonar sound source, 120
blue whale, 451, 452-453
Index
481
sperm whale, 122ff
whistles, III
Nasal phonation hypothesis, 125
Nasal plug, echolocation, 10, 365
Nasal plug nodes, biosonar signal production, 120ff
Nasal sacs, model, 439
Nasal sacs, see also Air sacs
sound production, 10, 120, 439-440
Nasal system, echolocation, 365
Near field, odontocete sound production,
136
Neobalaenidae, 4
Neophocaena phocaenoides, see Finless
porpoise
Noise, effects on biosonar signals, 366ff
Noise, masking, 355ff
Noise, ship, 161
Noise, target detection, 379ff
North Pacific pilot whale (Globicephala
scammoni), biosonar signals, 117
Northern right whale (Eubalena glacialis), cochlear structure, 80-81
social interactions, 3, 174
vestibular dimensions, 77-78
Nose, biosonar signal generation, 119ff
Occipital bones, hearing, 60ff
Odontocete
acoustic categories, 48ff
auditory processing, 294ff
definition, 1
ear,43ff
head asymmetry, 146
peribullar structure, 67
simultaneous whistles and clicks, 144
sound production, 16ff, 48, 158
ultrasonic hearing, 57-58
Olfaction
birds, 172
cetaceans, 172
pinnipeds, 172
Oligocyclic signals, 115-116, 136
Orcinus orca, see killer whale
Organ of Corti, 32, 78ff
Ossicles, middle ear, 73-74
Outer ear, cetaceans, 58ff
Outer hair cells, 83, 93
Outer spiral lamina, 91
Modulation rate transfer function, 309ff,
336
Monkey lips, see also Phonic lips, Museau de singe, 11, 125ff
Monodon monocerus, see Narwhal
Mother-infant interactions, 172
Moths, bat predation, 167
Mouse eared bat (Myotis myotis), auditory CNS, 280
Musculature, facial, 138
Museau de singe, see also Monkey lips
sound production, 11 ff, 35
sperm whale, 123
Mustache bat (Pteronotus parnelli), 99
cerebellum, 282
hearing, 157
Myotis myotis, see Mouse-eared bat
Mysticete
acoustic categories, 54
auditory nerve size, 279
cochleae, 85
definition, 1
ears, 43ff
hearing, 8ff
middle ear, 64
middle ear volume, 76
song, 28ff
sound emission, 27ff
peribullar structures, 67
see also Baleen whales
wide frequency range, 93
Narwhal (Monodon monoceros), cochlear
anatomy, 84
click source levels, 379
cochlear anatomy, 84
echolocation, 166
Nasal air sacs
biosonar beam formation, I 38-139
common dolphin, 143
Nasal diverticula, biosonar beam formation, 138
Nasal mucosa, sound production, 135
Nasal muscle, biosonar beam formation,
140
Nasal passages, air-borne sounds, 116
biosonar sound source, 120
blue whale, 451, 452-453
Index
481
sperm whale, 122ff
whistles, III
Nasal phonation hypothesis, 125
Nasal plug, echolocation, 10, 365
Nasal plug nodes, biosonar signal production, 120ff
Nasal sacs, model, 439
Nasal sacs, see also Air sacs
sound production, 10, 120, 439-440
Nasal system, echolocation, 365
Near field, odontocete sound production,
136
Neobalaenidae, 4
Neophocaena phocaenoides, see Finless
porpoise
Noise, effects on biosonar signals, 366ff
Noise, masking, 355ff
Noise, ship, 161
Noise, target detection, 379ff
North Pacific pilot whale (Globicephala
scammoni), biosonar signals, 117
Northern right whale (Eubalena glacialis), cochlear structure, 80-81
social interactions, 3, 174
vestibular dimensions, 77-78
Nose, biosonar signal generation, 119ff
Occipital bones, hearing, 60ff
Odontocete
acoustic categories, 48ff
auditory processing, 294ff
definition, 1
ear,43ff
head asymmetry, 146
peribullar structure, 67
simultaneous whistles and clicks, 144
sound production, 16ff, 48, 158
ultrasonic hearing, 57-58
Olfaction
birds, 172
cetaceans, 172
pinnipeds, 172
Oligocyclic signals, 115-116, 136
Orcinus orca, see killer whale
Organ of Corti, 32, 78ff
Ossicles, middle ear, 73-74
Outer ear, cetaceans, 58ff
Outer hair cells, 83, 93
Outer spiral lamina, 91