384
Acknowledgements This review is dedicated to Arthur N. Popper and Richard R. Fay to celebrate
more than 40 years of their infl uential work in fi sh bioacoustics. The second author is grateful for
having had the opportunity to work with Art in his lab in the late 1990s on inner ears of labyrinth
fi shes and in this way became introduced into the fi eld of inner ear structure in fi shes. The fi rst
author was fundamentally inspired by Art’s early studies on cave-dwelling forms of the Mexican
tetra Astyanax mexicanus and his numerous works on inner ear structures and his evolutionary
hypotheses. Moreover, the fi rst author worked in the second author’s lab on inner ears, ancillary
auditory structures and auditory sensitivities and thus became in some way Art’s scientifi c “granddaughter.” Art’s lifelong interest in the diversity and evolution of fi sh inner ears and hearing is
continued by us and by others. Our current review, largely based on Art’s work of almost 50 years,
summarizes this diversity and highlights open questions and inspiring approaches that might lead
to novel and deeper insights into this challenging and highly interesting fi eld of research.
We are also grateful to Michael Stachowitsch for scientifi c English proof-reading and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on an earlier version of this chapter.
References
Adams LA (1940) Some characteristics otoliths of American Ostariophysi. J Morphol
66:497–527
Amoser S, Ladich F (2005) Are hearing sensitivities of freshwater fi sh adapted to the ambient
noise in their habitats? J Exp Biol 208(18):3533–3542
Arch VS, Simmons DD, Quiñones PM, Feng AS, Jiang J, Stuart BL, Shen J-X, Blair C, Narins PM
(2012) Inner ear morphological correlates of ultrasonic hearing in frogs. Hear Res 283:70–79
Assis CA (2003) The lagenar otoliths of teleosts: their morphology and its application in species
identifi cation, phylogeny and systematics. J Fish Biol 62:1268–1295
Assis CA (2005) The utricular otoliths, lapilli, of teleosts: their morphology and relevance for species identifi cation and systematics studies. Scientia Marina 69(2):259–273
Azuma Y, Kumazawa Y, Miya M, Mabuchi K, Nishida M (2008) Mitogenomic evaluation of the
historical biogeography of cichlids toward reliable dating of teleostean divergences. BMC Evol
Biol 8(215):1–13
Baird RA (1994) Comparative transduction mechanisms of hair cells in the bullfrog utriculus.
II. Sensitivity and response dynamics to hair bundle displacement. J Neurophysiol
71(2):685–705
Bang PI, Sewell WF, Malicki JJ (2001) Morphology and cell type heterogeneities of the inner ear
epithelia in adult and juvenile zebrafi sh ( Danio rerio ). J Comp Neurol 438(2):173–190
Bernstein P (2003) The ear region of Latimeria chalumnae : functional and evolutionary implications. Zoology 106:233–242
Best ACG, Gray JAB (1980) Morphology of the utricular recess in the sprat. J Mar Biol Assoc UK
60(3):703–715
Betancur-R. R, Broughton R, Wiley EO, Carpenter K, López JA, Li C, Holcroft NI, Arcila NI,
Sanciangco M, Cureton II JC, Zhang F, Buser T, Campbell MA, Ballesteros JA, Roa-Varon A,
Willis S, Borden WC, Rowley T, Reneau PC, Hough DJ, Lu G, Grande T, Arratia G, Ortí G
(2013) The tree of life and a new classifi cation of bony fi shes. PLoS Currents Tree of Life
Bever MM, Fekete DM (2002) Atlas of the developing inner ear in zebrafi sh. Dev Dyn
223(4):536–543
Bierbaum G (1914) Untersuchungen über den Bau der Gehörorgane von Tiefseefi schen. Zeitschrift
für wissenschaftliche Zoologie 111(3):281–380
Blaxter JHS, Denton EJ, Gray JAB (1981) Acousticolateralis system in clupeid fi shes. In: Tavolga
WN, Popper AN, Fay RR (eds) Hearing and sound communication in fi shes. Proceedings in
life sciences. Springer, New York, pp 39–59
T. Schulz-Mirbach and F. Ladich
Acknowledgements This review is dedicated to Arthur N. Popper and Richard R. Fay to celebrate
more than 40 years of their infl uential work in fi sh bioacoustics. The second author is grateful for
having had the opportunity to work with Art in his lab in the late 1990s on inner ears of labyrinth
fi shes and in this way became introduced into the fi eld of inner ear structure in fi shes. The fi rst
author was fundamentally inspired by Art’s early studies on cave-dwelling forms of the Mexican
tetra Astyanax mexicanus and his numerous works on inner ear structures and his evolutionary
hypotheses. Moreover, the fi rst author worked in the second author’s lab on inner ears, ancillary
auditory structures and auditory sensitivities and thus became in some way Art’s scientifi c “granddaughter.” Art’s lifelong interest in the diversity and evolution of fi sh inner ears and hearing is
continued by us and by others. Our current review, largely based on Art’s work of almost 50 years,
summarizes this diversity and highlights open questions and inspiring approaches that might lead
to novel and deeper insights into this challenging and highly interesting fi eld of research.
We are also grateful to Michael Stachowitsch for scientifi c English proof-reading and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on an earlier version of this chapter.
References
Adams LA (1940) Some characteristics otoliths of American Ostariophysi. J Morphol
66:497–527
Amoser S, Ladich F (2005) Are hearing sensitivities of freshwater fi sh adapted to the ambient
noise in their habitats? J Exp Biol 208(18):3533–3542
Arch VS, Simmons DD, Quiñones PM, Feng AS, Jiang J, Stuart BL, Shen J-X, Blair C, Narins PM
(2012) Inner ear morphological correlates of ultrasonic hearing in frogs. Hear Res 283:70–79
Assis CA (2003) The lagenar otoliths of teleosts: their morphology and its application in species
identifi cation, phylogeny and systematics. J Fish Biol 62:1268–1295
Assis CA (2005) The utricular otoliths, lapilli, of teleosts: their morphology and relevance for species identifi cation and systematics studies. Scientia Marina 69(2):259–273
Azuma Y, Kumazawa Y, Miya M, Mabuchi K, Nishida M (2008) Mitogenomic evaluation of the
historical biogeography of cichlids toward reliable dating of teleostean divergences. BMC Evol
Biol 8(215):1–13
Baird RA (1994) Comparative transduction mechanisms of hair cells in the bullfrog utriculus.
II. Sensitivity and response dynamics to hair bundle displacement. J Neurophysiol
71(2):685–705
Bang PI, Sewell WF, Malicki JJ (2001) Morphology and cell type heterogeneities of the inner ear
epithelia in adult and juvenile zebrafi sh ( Danio rerio ). J Comp Neurol 438(2):173–190
Bernstein P (2003) The ear region of Latimeria chalumnae : functional and evolutionary implications. Zoology 106:233–242
Best ACG, Gray JAB (1980) Morphology of the utricular recess in the sprat. J Mar Biol Assoc UK
60(3):703–715
Betancur-R. R, Broughton R, Wiley EO, Carpenter K, López JA, Li C, Holcroft NI, Arcila NI,
Sanciangco M, Cureton II JC, Zhang F, Buser T, Campbell MA, Ballesteros JA, Roa-Varon A,
Willis S, Borden WC, Rowley T, Reneau PC, Hough DJ, Lu G, Grande T, Arratia G, Ortí G
(2013) The tree of life and a new classifi cation of bony fi shes. PLoS Currents Tree of Life
Bever MM, Fekete DM (2002) Atlas of the developing inner ear in zebrafi sh. Dev Dyn
223(4):536–543
Bierbaum G (1914) Untersuchungen über den Bau der Gehörorgane von Tiefseefi schen. Zeitschrift
für wissenschaftliche Zoologie 111(3):281–380
Blaxter JHS, Denton EJ, Gray JAB (1981) Acousticolateralis system in clupeid fi shes. In: Tavolga
WN, Popper AN, Fay RR (eds) Hearing and sound communication in fi shes. Proceedings in
life sciences. Springer, New York, pp 39–59
T. Schulz-Mirbach and F. Ladich