401
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2016) The state of world fisheries and
aquaculture. Contributing to food security and nutrition for all. Rome, p 204
Francis RICC, Campana SE (2004) Inferring age from otolith measurements: a review and a new
approach. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 61:1269–1284
Freitas MO, Abilhoa V, Giglio VJ et al (2015) Diet and reproduction of the Goliath Grouper,
Epinephelus itajara (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Serranidae), in eastern Brazil. Acta Ichthyol
Piscat 45:1–11
Geffen AJ, Nash RDM, Dickey-Collas M (2011) Characterization of herring populations West of
the British Isles: an investigation of mixing based on otolith microchemistry. ICES J Mar Sci
68(7):1447–1458
Gerhardinger LC, Bertoncini AA, Hostim-Silva M (2006a) Local ecological knowledge and
Goliath Grouper spawning aggregations in the South Atlantic Ocean: Goliath Grouper spawning aggregations in Brazil. SPC Tradit Mar Resour Manag Knowl Inform Bull 20:33–34
Gerhardinger LC, Marenzi RC, Bertoncini AA et al (2006b) Local ecological knowledge on
the Goliath Grouper Epinephelus itajara (teleostei: serranidae) in southern Brazil. Neotrop
Ichthyol 4(4):441–450. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252006000400008
Gerhardinger LC, Freitas MO, Bertoncini AA et al (2007a) Collaborative approach in the research
of Dusky grouper reproductive biology (Epinephelus marginatus, LOWE, 1834) (Perciformes:
Serranidae, Epinephelinae). Acta Sci 28:219–226
Gerhardinger LC, Medeiros RP, Marenzi RC et al (2007b) Local ecological knowledge on the planning and management of marine protected areas and conservation of fish spawning aggregations: the experience of Meros do Brasil Project. In: Prates AP, Blanc D (eds) Áreas Aquáticas
Protegidas como Instrumento de Gestão Pesqueira. Áreas Protegidas do Brasil vol 4. Ministério
do Meio Ambiente, Brasília, pp 106–129
Gerhardinger LC, Hostim-Silva M, Medeiros RP et al (2009) Fishers’ resource mapping and Goliath
Grouper Epinephelus itajara (Serranidae) conservation in Brazil. Neotrop Ichthyol 7:93–102
Giglio VJ, Alves JA, Bertoncini AA (2014a) Using scars to photo-identify the Goliath Grouper,
Epinephelus itajara. Mar Biodivers Rec 7:1–4
Giglio VJ, Alves JA, Gerhardinger LC et al (2014b) Habitat use and abundance of Goliath Grouper
Epinephelus itajara in Brazil: a participative survey. Nat Conserv 12:118–123
Goswami M, Mishra A, Ninawe NS et al (2016) Bio-banking: an emerging approach for conservation of fish germplasm. Poult Fish Wildlife Sci 4:143. doi:10.4172/2375-446X.1000143
Goulette GS, Hawkes JP, Kocik JF (2014) Opportunistic acoustic telemetry platforms: benefits of
collaboration in the Gulf of Maine. Fisheries 39:441–450
Graham CT, Harrison SS, Harrod C (2013) Development of non-lethal sampling of carbon and
nitrogen stable isotope ratios in salmonids: effects of lipid and inorganic components of fins.
Isot Environ Health Stud 49:555–566
Haines EB (1976) Relation between the stable carbon isotope composition of fiddler crabs, plants,
and soils in a salt marsh. Limnol Oceanogr 21:880–883
Hamer PA, Acevedo S, Jenkins GP et al (2011) Connectivity of a large embayment and coastal
fishery: spawning aggregations in one bay source local and broad-scale fishery replenishment.
J Fish Biol 78:1090–1109
Harrod C, Grey J, McCarthy TK, Morrissey M (2005) Stable isotope analyses provide new insights
into ecological plasticity in a mixohaline population of European eel. Oecologia 144:673–683
Hebert PDN, Cywinska A, Ball SL et al (2003) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes.
Proc Biol Sci 270:313–321
Hostim-Silva M, Bertoncini AA, Gerhardinger LC et al (2005) The Lord of the Rocks conservation program in Brazil: the need for a new perception of marine fishes. Coral Reefs 24:74.
doi:10.1007/s00338-004-0437-3
Jardine TD, Hunt RJ, Pusey BJ, Bunn SE (2011) A non-lethal sampling method for stable carbon
and nitrogen isotope studies of tropical fishes. Mar Freshw Res 62:83–90
14 The Atlantic Goliath Grouper: Conservation Strategies for a Critically Endangered…
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2016) The state of world fisheries and
aquaculture. Contributing to food security and nutrition for all. Rome, p 204
Francis RICC, Campana SE (2004) Inferring age from otolith measurements: a review and a new
approach. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 61:1269–1284
Freitas MO, Abilhoa V, Giglio VJ et al (2015) Diet and reproduction of the Goliath Grouper,
Epinephelus itajara (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Serranidae), in eastern Brazil. Acta Ichthyol
Piscat 45:1–11
Geffen AJ, Nash RDM, Dickey-Collas M (2011) Characterization of herring populations West of
the British Isles: an investigation of mixing based on otolith microchemistry. ICES J Mar Sci
68(7):1447–1458
Gerhardinger LC, Bertoncini AA, Hostim-Silva M (2006a) Local ecological knowledge and
Goliath Grouper spawning aggregations in the South Atlantic Ocean: Goliath Grouper spawning aggregations in Brazil. SPC Tradit Mar Resour Manag Knowl Inform Bull 20:33–34
Gerhardinger LC, Marenzi RC, Bertoncini AA et al (2006b) Local ecological knowledge on
the Goliath Grouper Epinephelus itajara (teleostei: serranidae) in southern Brazil. Neotrop
Ichthyol 4(4):441–450. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252006000400008
Gerhardinger LC, Freitas MO, Bertoncini AA et al (2007a) Collaborative approach in the research
of Dusky grouper reproductive biology (Epinephelus marginatus, LOWE, 1834) (Perciformes:
Serranidae, Epinephelinae). Acta Sci 28:219–226
Gerhardinger LC, Medeiros RP, Marenzi RC et al (2007b) Local ecological knowledge on the planning and management of marine protected areas and conservation of fish spawning aggregations: the experience of Meros do Brasil Project. In: Prates AP, Blanc D (eds) Áreas Aquáticas
Protegidas como Instrumento de Gestão Pesqueira. Áreas Protegidas do Brasil vol 4. Ministério
do Meio Ambiente, Brasília, pp 106–129
Gerhardinger LC, Hostim-Silva M, Medeiros RP et al (2009) Fishers’ resource mapping and Goliath
Grouper Epinephelus itajara (Serranidae) conservation in Brazil. Neotrop Ichthyol 7:93–102
Giglio VJ, Alves JA, Bertoncini AA (2014a) Using scars to photo-identify the Goliath Grouper,
Epinephelus itajara. Mar Biodivers Rec 7:1–4
Giglio VJ, Alves JA, Gerhardinger LC et al (2014b) Habitat use and abundance of Goliath Grouper
Epinephelus itajara in Brazil: a participative survey. Nat Conserv 12:118–123
Goswami M, Mishra A, Ninawe NS et al (2016) Bio-banking: an emerging approach for conservation of fish germplasm. Poult Fish Wildlife Sci 4:143. doi:10.4172/2375-446X.1000143
Goulette GS, Hawkes JP, Kocik JF (2014) Opportunistic acoustic telemetry platforms: benefits of
collaboration in the Gulf of Maine. Fisheries 39:441–450
Graham CT, Harrison SS, Harrod C (2013) Development of non-lethal sampling of carbon and
nitrogen stable isotope ratios in salmonids: effects of lipid and inorganic components of fins.
Isot Environ Health Stud 49:555–566
Haines EB (1976) Relation between the stable carbon isotope composition of fiddler crabs, plants,
and soils in a salt marsh. Limnol Oceanogr 21:880–883
Hamer PA, Acevedo S, Jenkins GP et al (2011) Connectivity of a large embayment and coastal
fishery: spawning aggregations in one bay source local and broad-scale fishery replenishment.
J Fish Biol 78:1090–1109
Harrod C, Grey J, McCarthy TK, Morrissey M (2005) Stable isotope analyses provide new insights
into ecological plasticity in a mixohaline population of European eel. Oecologia 144:673–683
Hebert PDN, Cywinska A, Ball SL et al (2003) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes.
Proc Biol Sci 270:313–321
Hostim-Silva M, Bertoncini AA, Gerhardinger LC et al (2005) The Lord of the Rocks conservation program in Brazil: the need for a new perception of marine fishes. Coral Reefs 24:74.
doi:10.1007/s00338-004-0437-3
Jardine TD, Hunt RJ, Pusey BJ, Bunn SE (2011) A non-lethal sampling method for stable carbon
and nitrogen isotope studies of tropical fishes. Mar Freshw Res 62:83–90
14 The Atlantic Goliath Grouper: Conservation Strategies for a Critically Endangered…