Bristles on C peduncle of adult male more elongate than those on rest of
body.
Attains 10 cm. Tropical Indo-West Pacific, south to
Maputo.
Genus Paraluteres Bleeker, 1866
Two species; 1 in our area.
264.8 Paraluteres prionurus
(Bleeker, 1851)
PLATE 139
Blacksaddle mimic
Swartsaal-nabootser
Alutarius prionurus Bleeker, 1851: ~() (Banda, Indonesia). Paraluteres
prionurus: Smith, 1958: 61 *; 1961: 572, No. 1151.
D II + 25-28; A 22-25; P 10-11; V rudiment and ventral flap absent.
Membrane of 1st D spine reaching to or almost to soft D. Peduncle of
adult male with 2 pairs of recurved spines on each side, and a patch of
bristles extending anteriorly onto mid-side of body (naked in female and
juvenile). Gill opening located directly above base of P.
Ground colour varies from pale greenish to a dirty white;
prominent blackish-brown saddles on dorsal surface, the
middle 2 extending down sides of body towards ventral surface; usually a round dark blotch above origin of A. Soft D
and A hyaline, tips of rays dusky; C yellowish. Attains 11
cm. Tropical Indo-West Pacific; south to Aliwal Shoal,
Natal. This species closely resembles the blacksaddled
toby, Canthigaster valentini, with which it is usually
associated.
264.8 Paraluteres prionurus: 9.5 em (N. Mozambique).
Genus Paramonacanthus Bleeker, 1866
Six species; 2 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
la Two rows of downward-directed barbs on anterior
face of 1st D spine; P rays usually 12 ...................... P. cingalensis
1 b Barbs on anterior face of 1st D spine either
directed upwards or obsolete; P rays usually 11 ........... P. barnardi
264: MONACANTHIDAE (FILEFISHES)
264.9 Paramonacanthus barnardi
Fraser-Brunner, 1941
PLATE 138
Wedgetail filefish
Keilstert-vylvis
Paramonacanthus barnardi Fraser-Brunner, 1941: 193, Fig. 6 (Zanzibar); Smith, SFSA No. 1139*; Day, 1974: 96.
D 11+24-27; A 25-28; P 10-12 (usually 11). First D spine with a row of
small to moderate, downward-directed barbs along each postero-Iateral
edge; no groove for receiving 1st D spine; anterior rays of soft D and A
elevated in adult male; 2nd and 3rd D rays somewhat filamentous; middle
rays of C elongate, giving the fin a wedge-shaped appearance; generally
more A rays than Drays.
Ground colour a pale greenish grey; body covered with
small close-packed dark spots; indications of 2 dark stripes,
one from eye curving down to P and thence to C base, the
other from above P to front Yz of soft D base; soft D, A and P
pale yellow. In adult male 2 lines run obliquely from eye to
throat, while others commence behind mouth, and follow
ventral profile to V rudiment; A with a prominent brown
border; C with 2 dark wedge-shaped bands, membranes
with dark spots. Attains 9 cm. East coast of Africa to Durban in the south.
264.10 Paramonacanthus cingalensis
. (Fraser-Brunner, 1941)
Blackstriped filefish
Swartstreep-vylvis
Laputa cingalensis Fraser-Brunner, 1941: 191, Fig. 5 (Ceylon); Smith,
1958: 320*; 1961: 572, No. 1I38a*. Laputa umgazi Smith, SFSA No. 1138*
(Umgazi River mouth).
D 11+27-28; A 26-28; P 12. First D spine with 4 rows of small downward-directed barbs, 2 on anterior face and 1 along each postero-lateral
edge; no groove for receiving lst D spine. Anterior rays of soft D and A
elongated; 2nd soft D ray elongate in adult male; C wedge-shaped in
adult; generally more D rays than A rays.
Ground colour greenish with 4 dark bands along side, the
uppermost from interdorsal space generally to upper edge
of peduncle and the 2nd sometimes reaches uppermost C
rays. Attains 19 cm. Tropical areas of Indian Ocean south to
Umgazi River, Transkei.
264.10 Paramonacanthus cingalensis: 4 em (Natal).
885
body.
Attains 10 cm. Tropical Indo-West Pacific, south to
Maputo.
Genus Paraluteres Bleeker, 1866
Two species; 1 in our area.
264.8 Paraluteres prionurus
(Bleeker, 1851)
PLATE 139
Blacksaddle mimic
Swartsaal-nabootser
Alutarius prionurus Bleeker, 1851: ~() (Banda, Indonesia). Paraluteres
prionurus: Smith, 1958: 61 *; 1961: 572, No. 1151.
D II + 25-28; A 22-25; P 10-11; V rudiment and ventral flap absent.
Membrane of 1st D spine reaching to or almost to soft D. Peduncle of
adult male with 2 pairs of recurved spines on each side, and a patch of
bristles extending anteriorly onto mid-side of body (naked in female and
juvenile). Gill opening located directly above base of P.
Ground colour varies from pale greenish to a dirty white;
prominent blackish-brown saddles on dorsal surface, the
middle 2 extending down sides of body towards ventral surface; usually a round dark blotch above origin of A. Soft D
and A hyaline, tips of rays dusky; C yellowish. Attains 11
cm. Tropical Indo-West Pacific; south to Aliwal Shoal,
Natal. This species closely resembles the blacksaddled
toby, Canthigaster valentini, with which it is usually
associated.
264.8 Paraluteres prionurus: 9.5 em (N. Mozambique).
Genus Paramonacanthus Bleeker, 1866
Six species; 2 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
la Two rows of downward-directed barbs on anterior
face of 1st D spine; P rays usually 12 ...................... P. cingalensis
1 b Barbs on anterior face of 1st D spine either
directed upwards or obsolete; P rays usually 11 ........... P. barnardi
264: MONACANTHIDAE (FILEFISHES)
264.9 Paramonacanthus barnardi
Fraser-Brunner, 1941
PLATE 138
Wedgetail filefish
Keilstert-vylvis
Paramonacanthus barnardi Fraser-Brunner, 1941: 193, Fig. 6 (Zanzibar); Smith, SFSA No. 1139*; Day, 1974: 96.
D 11+24-27; A 25-28; P 10-12 (usually 11). First D spine with a row of
small to moderate, downward-directed barbs along each postero-Iateral
edge; no groove for receiving 1st D spine; anterior rays of soft D and A
elevated in adult male; 2nd and 3rd D rays somewhat filamentous; middle
rays of C elongate, giving the fin a wedge-shaped appearance; generally
more A rays than Drays.
Ground colour a pale greenish grey; body covered with
small close-packed dark spots; indications of 2 dark stripes,
one from eye curving down to P and thence to C base, the
other from above P to front Yz of soft D base; soft D, A and P
pale yellow. In adult male 2 lines run obliquely from eye to
throat, while others commence behind mouth, and follow
ventral profile to V rudiment; A with a prominent brown
border; C with 2 dark wedge-shaped bands, membranes
with dark spots. Attains 9 cm. East coast of Africa to Durban in the south.
264.10 Paramonacanthus cingalensis
. (Fraser-Brunner, 1941)
Blackstriped filefish
Swartstreep-vylvis
Laputa cingalensis Fraser-Brunner, 1941: 191, Fig. 5 (Ceylon); Smith,
1958: 320*; 1961: 572, No. 1I38a*. Laputa umgazi Smith, SFSA No. 1138*
(Umgazi River mouth).
D 11+27-28; A 26-28; P 12. First D spine with 4 rows of small downward-directed barbs, 2 on anterior face and 1 along each postero-lateral
edge; no groove for receiving lst D spine. Anterior rays of soft D and A
elongated; 2nd soft D ray elongate in adult male; C wedge-shaped in
adult; generally more D rays than A rays.
Ground colour greenish with 4 dark bands along side, the
uppermost from interdorsal space generally to upper edge
of peduncle and the 2nd sometimes reaches uppermost C
rays. Attains 19 cm. Tropical areas of Indian Ocean south to
Umgazi River, Transkei.
264.10 Paramonacanthus cingalensis: 4 em (Natal).
885