261: CYNOGLOSSIDAE (TONGUEFISHES)
scales. Body depth 3.5-4.2 in SL. Eye diameter subequal to interorbital
width. Rostral hook reaches past lower eye. Scales ctenoid on both sides
of body .
Upper side of body tan, marbled with dark wavy anastomosing lines enclosing pale patches. Attains 25 cm. Tropical Indo-Pacific; east coast of Africa south to Durban.
Genus Symphurus Rafinesque, 1810
Mouth more or less terminal; no LL on either side of
body; left V only present, not connected to A; 2 nostrils on
ocular side; D origin at vertical through eyes. About 50
species, represented in all oceans; most are found on the
continental slopes (200 - 1000 m), but a few species occur in
shallower depths.
KEY TO SPECIES
la Head length = body depth; anterior Drays
separate; eyes contiguous, without intermediate
row of scales .... .................................................. S. variega/us
1b Head < body depth ; front D rays not separate;
eyes close together, but with a row of scales between .... ............ 2
2a D 95-102; A 80-90; black spot at rear of D & A ........... S. ocelia/us
2b D 107-117; A 95-104; no black spot on D & A ...... ......... S. strictus
261.11 Symphurus ocellatus
von Bonde, 1922
Symphurus ocellatus von Bonde, 1922: 26, PI. 1, Fig. 2 (Natal); Smith,
SFSA No. 334*.
D 95-102; A 80-90; about 90 oblique series of scales from upper end of
operculum to C base. Body depth 3.3-4.0, head 5.0- 5.6 in SL.
Upper side uniformly brownish; black spot covering
about 10 rays at rear end of D and A. Attains 12 cm. Known
only from Durban to Mozambique in 430 - 640 m.
261.11 Symphurus acel/atus: ca. 10.5 em type (Natal; after von Bonde, 1922).
261.12 Symphurus strictus
Gilbert, 1905
Symphurus stric/us Gilbert, 1905: 691, Fig. 272 (Oahu, Hawaii); Smith,
SFSA No. 333; Ochiai, 1963: 104*.
D 107-117; A 95-104; 110-126 series of scales from operculum to C base.
Body depth 3.6-4.3 in SL , much greater than head length.
868
Upper side brown, with faint horizontal dark lines following scale rows; abdomen black; fins dusky. Attains 14 cm.
Hawaii, Japan and off Delagoa Bay in 476 m,
261.12 Symphurus strictus: 10 em holotype (after Gilbert, 1905).
261.13 Symphurus variegatus
(Gilchrist, 1903)
Aphoris/ia variegata Gilchrist, 1903: 211 , PI. 18 (off East London).
Symphurus variegatus: Smith , SFSA No. 332*.
D 93-100, 1st 4-7 rays free; A 88-95. Body depth = head , 4.6-5.0 in SL ;
about 125 scales from operculum to C.
Upper side brown with vague dark cross bars. Attains 9
cm. Known only off East London in 550 - 800 m.
261.13 Symphurus variegatus: 8 em holotype (off East London; after Gilchrist,
1903).
Soles
Family No. 262: SOLEIDAE
by P.C. Heemstra & O. Gon
Regteroog-tongvisse
Both eyes on right side of head. Dorsal fin origin above or
before eyes; pectoral fins present or absent; no fin spines.
Preopercle edge covered by skin and scales. Vertebrae
24-50; ribs absent; no postcleithrum. Lateral-line scales are
counted from above upper end of gill opening to base of
caudal fin.
Soles are benthic, neritic fishes occurring in all oceans;
some species are of considerable economic importance.
About 30 genera and 120 species. The taxonomy of this
family needs revision; the genera and species are not at all
well differentiated.
scales. Body depth 3.5-4.2 in SL. Eye diameter subequal to interorbital
width. Rostral hook reaches past lower eye. Scales ctenoid on both sides
of body .
Upper side of body tan, marbled with dark wavy anastomosing lines enclosing pale patches. Attains 25 cm. Tropical Indo-Pacific; east coast of Africa south to Durban.
Genus Symphurus Rafinesque, 1810
Mouth more or less terminal; no LL on either side of
body; left V only present, not connected to A; 2 nostrils on
ocular side; D origin at vertical through eyes. About 50
species, represented in all oceans; most are found on the
continental slopes (200 - 1000 m), but a few species occur in
shallower depths.
KEY TO SPECIES
la Head length = body depth; anterior Drays
separate; eyes contiguous, without intermediate
row of scales .... .................................................. S. variega/us
1b Head < body depth ; front D rays not separate;
eyes close together, but with a row of scales between .... ............ 2
2a D 95-102; A 80-90; black spot at rear of D & A ........... S. ocelia/us
2b D 107-117; A 95-104; no black spot on D & A ...... ......... S. strictus
261.11 Symphurus ocellatus
von Bonde, 1922
Symphurus ocellatus von Bonde, 1922: 26, PI. 1, Fig. 2 (Natal); Smith,
SFSA No. 334*.
D 95-102; A 80-90; about 90 oblique series of scales from upper end of
operculum to C base. Body depth 3.3-4.0, head 5.0- 5.6 in SL.
Upper side uniformly brownish; black spot covering
about 10 rays at rear end of D and A. Attains 12 cm. Known
only from Durban to Mozambique in 430 - 640 m.
261.11 Symphurus acel/atus: ca. 10.5 em type (Natal; after von Bonde, 1922).
261.12 Symphurus strictus
Gilbert, 1905
Symphurus stric/us Gilbert, 1905: 691, Fig. 272 (Oahu, Hawaii); Smith,
SFSA No. 333; Ochiai, 1963: 104*.
D 107-117; A 95-104; 110-126 series of scales from operculum to C base.
Body depth 3.6-4.3 in SL , much greater than head length.
868
Upper side brown, with faint horizontal dark lines following scale rows; abdomen black; fins dusky. Attains 14 cm.
Hawaii, Japan and off Delagoa Bay in 476 m,
261.12 Symphurus strictus: 10 em holotype (after Gilbert, 1905).
261.13 Symphurus variegatus
(Gilchrist, 1903)
Aphoris/ia variegata Gilchrist, 1903: 211 , PI. 18 (off East London).
Symphurus variegatus: Smith , SFSA No. 332*.
D 93-100, 1st 4-7 rays free; A 88-95. Body depth = head , 4.6-5.0 in SL ;
about 125 scales from operculum to C.
Upper side brown with vague dark cross bars. Attains 9
cm. Known only off East London in 550 - 800 m.
261.13 Symphurus variegatus: 8 em holotype (off East London; after Gilchrist,
1903).
Soles
Family No. 262: SOLEIDAE
by P.C. Heemstra & O. Gon
Regteroog-tongvisse
Both eyes on right side of head. Dorsal fin origin above or
before eyes; pectoral fins present or absent; no fin spines.
Preopercle edge covered by skin and scales. Vertebrae
24-50; ribs absent; no postcleithrum. Lateral-line scales are
counted from above upper end of gill opening to base of
caudal fin.
Soles are benthic, neritic fishes occurring in all oceans;
some species are of considerable economic importance.
About 30 genera and 120 species. The taxonomy of this
family needs revision; the genera and species are not at all
well differentiated.