261: CYNOGLOSSIDAE (TONGUEFISHES)
261.2 Cynoglossus attenuatus
Gilchrist, 1904
PLATE 134
Fourline tonguefish
Vierlyn-tongvis
Cynoglossus atlenuatus Gilchrist 1904: 11, PI. 29 (off Tugela River
mouth, Natal; 24 fms); Menon , 1977: 39* . Arelia bilineata (non
Lacepede): Smith , SFSA No. 341* (in part) .
D 110-120; A 88-95; C 10; vertebrae 54-55 ; middle LL 82-88. Two LL's
on both sides of body; 2 nostrils on ocular side of head. Body depth 3.9-4.7
in SL; snout 2.2-2.8 in head. Rostral hook reaching to below anterior
nostril. Scales ctenoid on upper side, cycloid on blind side.
Upper side brown, with indistinct dark horizontal lines
following scale rows; lower side whitish . Attains 31 cm.
Found only from Durban to Delagoa Bay.
261.3 Cynoglossus capensis
(Kaup, 1858)
Sand tonguefish
Sand-tongvis
Trulla capensis Kaup , 1858: 109 (locality not given , presumably Cape of
Good Hope); Smith, SFSA No. 342 (in part; colour plate is of C. zanzibarensis). Areliscus microphthalmus von Bonde, 1922: 24, PI. 4, Fig. 3
(off Umhlali River, Natal). Cynoglossus microphthalmus: Menon, 1977:
57*. Cynoglossus capensis: Menon, 1977: 59* (in part).
D 103-110; A 81-88; C 10; vertebrae 50-52 ; middle LL 86-104; 14-19
scale rows between dorsal and middle LL. Three LL's on ocular side, none
on blind side; 1 nostril on ocular side . Body depth 2.9-4.3 in SL; snout
2.7-3 .6 in head ; eyes contiguous or nearly so. Rostral hook ending well in
front of anterior nostril. Scales ctenoid on ocular side; anterior scales of
blind side cycloid , posteriors weakly ctenoid.
Upper side brownish grey, with dark specks. Attains 31
cm. Kunene River (Namibia) to Algoa Bay.
.... ~
.~ .. -.
261.3 Cynoglossus capensis: 17.5 cm holotype of C. microphthalmus (Natal;
after Menon, 1977).
261.4 Cynoglossus durbanensis
Regan, 1921
Durban tonguefish
Durban-tongvis
Cynoglossus durbanensis Regan , 1921: 2 (Durban) ; Menon , 1977: 79*.
Cynoglossoides durbanensis: Smith, SFSA No. 338.
D 98-105; A 78-84; C 8-10 (usually 10); vertebrae 48-50; 18-21 scale
rows between dorsal and middle LL, latter with 90-106 scales. Two LL's
on ocular side, none on blind side ; 2 nostrils on ocular side . Body depth
3.2-3.9 in SL; horizontal eye diameter 10-12 in head; interorbital space
subequal to vertical eye diameter. Rostral hook ends in front of anterior
nostril. Scales ctenoid on both sides of body.
Upper side of body and fins pale brownish, covered with
866
irregular dark spots and blotches. Attains 20 cm. Known
only from Natal to Kenya.
261.4 Cynoglossus durbanensis: 13 cm; head of same specimen (S. Mozambique).
261.5 Cynoglossus gilchristi
Ogilby, 1910
Ripplefin tonguefish
Rimpelvin-tongvis
Cynoglossus brachycephalus (non Bleeker) : Gilchrist, 1904: 12, PI. ~O
(off Umhlanga River , Natal) . Cynoglossus gilchristi Ogilby , 1910: 39 (on
Cynoglossus brachycephalus: Gilchrist, 1904); Regan , 1920: 222; Menon,
1977: 80* . Cynoglossoides gilchristi: Smith, SFSA No. 337*.
D 104-110; A 82-86; C 8; vertebrae 50; middle LL with 74-98 scales.
Two LL's on ocular side of body, none on blind side; 2 nostrils on ocular
side. Body depth 3.4-4.0 in SL; snout 3.1-3.8 in head. Rostral hook
reaches vertical at anterior nostril. Scales ctenoid on both sides of body.
Upper side brown, with irregular dark spots and horizontal black lines following the scale rows ; fins with dark
streaks and blotches. Attains 16 cm. Natal and Delagoa
Bay; also Madagascar.
261.5 Cynoglossus gilchristi: length unknown; holotype of C. brachycephalus
(after Gilchrist. 1904).
261.6 Cynoglossus lachneri
Menon, 1977
Twoline tonguefish
Tweelyn-tongvis
?Cynoglossus hunteri von Bonde, 1925: 293 (Delagoa Bay). Cynoglossus lachneri Menon , 1977: 40"
D 113-121 ; A 92-98; C 10; vertebrae 55-58 ; middle LL with 100-117
scales. Two LL's on both sides of body; 2 nostrils on ocular side. Body
depth 3.6-4 .1 in SL; snout 2.5-3 .5 in head. Rostral hook ends well in front
261.2 Cynoglossus attenuatus
Gilchrist, 1904
PLATE 134
Fourline tonguefish
Vierlyn-tongvis
Cynoglossus atlenuatus Gilchrist 1904: 11, PI. 29 (off Tugela River
mouth, Natal; 24 fms); Menon , 1977: 39* . Arelia bilineata (non
Lacepede): Smith , SFSA No. 341* (in part) .
D 110-120; A 88-95; C 10; vertebrae 54-55 ; middle LL 82-88. Two LL's
on both sides of body; 2 nostrils on ocular side of head. Body depth 3.9-4.7
in SL; snout 2.2-2.8 in head. Rostral hook reaching to below anterior
nostril. Scales ctenoid on upper side, cycloid on blind side.
Upper side brown, with indistinct dark horizontal lines
following scale rows; lower side whitish . Attains 31 cm.
Found only from Durban to Delagoa Bay.
261.3 Cynoglossus capensis
(Kaup, 1858)
Sand tonguefish
Sand-tongvis
Trulla capensis Kaup , 1858: 109 (locality not given , presumably Cape of
Good Hope); Smith, SFSA No. 342 (in part; colour plate is of C. zanzibarensis). Areliscus microphthalmus von Bonde, 1922: 24, PI. 4, Fig. 3
(off Umhlali River, Natal). Cynoglossus microphthalmus: Menon, 1977:
57*. Cynoglossus capensis: Menon, 1977: 59* (in part).
D 103-110; A 81-88; C 10; vertebrae 50-52 ; middle LL 86-104; 14-19
scale rows between dorsal and middle LL. Three LL's on ocular side, none
on blind side; 1 nostril on ocular side . Body depth 2.9-4.3 in SL; snout
2.7-3 .6 in head ; eyes contiguous or nearly so. Rostral hook ending well in
front of anterior nostril. Scales ctenoid on ocular side; anterior scales of
blind side cycloid , posteriors weakly ctenoid.
Upper side brownish grey, with dark specks. Attains 31
cm. Kunene River (Namibia) to Algoa Bay.
.... ~
.~ .. -.
261.3 Cynoglossus capensis: 17.5 cm holotype of C. microphthalmus (Natal;
after Menon, 1977).
261.4 Cynoglossus durbanensis
Regan, 1921
Durban tonguefish
Durban-tongvis
Cynoglossus durbanensis Regan , 1921: 2 (Durban) ; Menon , 1977: 79*.
Cynoglossoides durbanensis: Smith, SFSA No. 338.
D 98-105; A 78-84; C 8-10 (usually 10); vertebrae 48-50; 18-21 scale
rows between dorsal and middle LL, latter with 90-106 scales. Two LL's
on ocular side, none on blind side ; 2 nostrils on ocular side . Body depth
3.2-3.9 in SL; horizontal eye diameter 10-12 in head; interorbital space
subequal to vertical eye diameter. Rostral hook ends in front of anterior
nostril. Scales ctenoid on both sides of body.
Upper side of body and fins pale brownish, covered with
866
irregular dark spots and blotches. Attains 20 cm. Known
only from Natal to Kenya.
261.4 Cynoglossus durbanensis: 13 cm; head of same specimen (S. Mozambique).
261.5 Cynoglossus gilchristi
Ogilby, 1910
Ripplefin tonguefish
Rimpelvin-tongvis
Cynoglossus brachycephalus (non Bleeker) : Gilchrist, 1904: 12, PI. ~O
(off Umhlanga River , Natal) . Cynoglossus gilchristi Ogilby , 1910: 39 (on
Cynoglossus brachycephalus: Gilchrist, 1904); Regan , 1920: 222; Menon,
1977: 80* . Cynoglossoides gilchristi: Smith, SFSA No. 337*.
D 104-110; A 82-86; C 8; vertebrae 50; middle LL with 74-98 scales.
Two LL's on ocular side of body, none on blind side; 2 nostrils on ocular
side. Body depth 3.4-4.0 in SL; snout 3.1-3.8 in head. Rostral hook
reaches vertical at anterior nostril. Scales ctenoid on both sides of body.
Upper side brown, with irregular dark spots and horizontal black lines following the scale rows ; fins with dark
streaks and blotches. Attains 16 cm. Natal and Delagoa
Bay; also Madagascar.
261.5 Cynoglossus gilchristi: length unknown; holotype of C. brachycephalus
(after Gilchrist. 1904).
261.6 Cynoglossus lachneri
Menon, 1977
Twoline tonguefish
Tweelyn-tongvis
?Cynoglossus hunteri von Bonde, 1925: 293 (Delagoa Bay). Cynoglossus lachneri Menon , 1977: 40"
D 113-121 ; A 92-98; C 10; vertebrae 55-58 ; middle LL with 100-117
scales. Two LL's on both sides of body; 2 nostrils on ocular side. Body
depth 3.6-4 .1 in SL; snout 2.5-3 .5 in head. Rostral hook ends well in front