D VIII-X,17-20; A 11,12-14; P 16-18; LL 34-45; total GR 17-20. Depth
2.1-2.5; head 3.1-3.4.
Attains 9 cm. Commensal with large sea anemones
(usually Heteractis magnifica). A. akallopisos is a protandrous hermaphrodite with each anemone harbouring a
large dominant female, a slightly smaller functional male
and a number of smaller stunted juveniles. If the female is
removed, the male changes sex and the largest juvenile
develops into a functional male (Fricke & Fricke, 1977).
Reefs of the tropical Indian Ocean (except Maldives and Sri
Lanka) and the Seribu Ids. (Java Sea); south to Aliwal
Shoal (near Durban).
219.9 Amphiprion allardi
Klausewitz, 1970
PLATE 86
Twobar anemonefish
Tweebalk-anemoonvis
Amphiprion allardi Klausewitz, 1970: 181, Figs. 1-6 (Mombasa); Allen,
1972: 129*. Amphiprion bicinctus (non Riippell): Smith, SFSA No. 748*.
Amphiprion polymnus (non Linnaeus): Smith, SFSA No. 747*. Amphiprion ephippium (non Bloch): Smith, 1960: 319* (in part).
D X-XI,lS-17; A 11,13-15; P 19-21; LL 35-41; total GR 18-20. Depth
1.8-2.0; head 3.1-3.5.
Attains 14 cm. Commensal with large sea anemones
(usually Heteractis and Stichodactyla spp.). Known only
from reefs of east Africa as far south as Durban.
Genus Chrom;s Cuvier, 1814
Approximately 75 species; 11 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a D spines 12 ............................................. ....................... 2
1b D spines 13 or 14 (rarely 12) ............................................... 7
2a Front Yz of body dark brown, rear Yz abruptly
white .............................................................. C. dimidiata
2b Colour not as in 2a ........................................................... 3
3a Scales of body each with about 1-3 small auxiliary
scales at base .................................................. C. lepidolepis
3b Scales of body without auxiliary scales .................................. 4
4a D without scaly sheath; colour generally pale
(light green to bluish in life) .................................. C. caerulea
4b D with scaly sheath; colour generally brown,
sometimes with blue spots ................................................. 5
Sa Body relatively slender, greatest depth about
2.4-2.6 in SL; colour brownish with blue spots
forming lines on each scale row; C pale, with or
without narrow black upper and lower margins ........... C. nigrura
Sb Body relatively ovate, greatest depth about
1.7-2.0 in SL; colour mainly uniform brown to tan;
C with or without dark margins ........................................... 6
219: POMACENTRIDAE (DAMSELFISHES)
6a Base of P dark brown to blackish; C without black
longitudinal band along upper and lower edge ............... C. agilis
6b Base of P pale; C with prominent black
band along upper and lower edge ......................... C. ternatensis
7a D spines 13 (rarely 12 or 14) ..... ........ .. ..... ................. .......... 8
7b D spines 14 ................................................................... 10
8a Teeth of jaws more or less flattened, in a single
row; edge of preopercle not blackish ..................... C. dasygenys
8b Teeth of jaws conical, in 2 or more rows; edge of
preopercle blackish .......................................................... 9
9a Dark blotch behind opercle prominent; P base
with large dark blotch; C more or less uniform
with pale rear edge .......................................... C. opercularis
9b Dark blotch behind opercle usually faint; P base
at most dusky; C lobes each with broad dark stripe ........ C. weberi
lOa 3 spiniform procurrent rays on dorsal edge of C;
D XIV,1l-12; GR 23-25; black stripe on distal
part of A ............................................................ C. woodsi
lOb 2 spiniform procurrent rays on dorsal edge of
C; D XIV,13-14; GR 26-29; no black stripe on A ........ C. axillaris
219.10 Chromis agi/is
Smith,1960
PLATE 86
Rusty chromis
Roesrooi chromis
Chromis agilis Smith, 1960: 324, PI. 26, Fig. A and PI. 32, Fig. J (Astove
Id.); Allen, 1975: 75*.
D XII,12-14; A II,12-14; P 16; LL 14-16; total GR 27-30. Depth 1.7-1.9;
head 3.4-3.6.
Attains 8 cm. Inhabits reefs to at least 56 m along east
African coast south to Bazaruto, but generally rare. Also
known from scattered localities in the tropical Indo-Pacific
to Hawaii.
219.10 Chromisagilis: 7 em holotype (Darros Id.).
Grey chromis
219.11 Chromis axil/ads
(Bennett, 1831)
Grys chromis
Heliastes axillaris Bennett, 1831: 128 (Mauritius). Chromis axillaris:
Smith, 1960: 324; Bruner & Arnam, 1979: 57*.
D XIV,13-14; A II,12-13; P 18-19; LL 15-17; GR (7-8)+(19-22). Depth
1.9-2.0; head 3.2-3.3; 2nd A spine elongate.
673
2.1-2.5; head 3.1-3.4.
Attains 9 cm. Commensal with large sea anemones
(usually Heteractis magnifica). A. akallopisos is a protandrous hermaphrodite with each anemone harbouring a
large dominant female, a slightly smaller functional male
and a number of smaller stunted juveniles. If the female is
removed, the male changes sex and the largest juvenile
develops into a functional male (Fricke & Fricke, 1977).
Reefs of the tropical Indian Ocean (except Maldives and Sri
Lanka) and the Seribu Ids. (Java Sea); south to Aliwal
Shoal (near Durban).
219.9 Amphiprion allardi
Klausewitz, 1970
PLATE 86
Twobar anemonefish
Tweebalk-anemoonvis
Amphiprion allardi Klausewitz, 1970: 181, Figs. 1-6 (Mombasa); Allen,
1972: 129*. Amphiprion bicinctus (non Riippell): Smith, SFSA No. 748*.
Amphiprion polymnus (non Linnaeus): Smith, SFSA No. 747*. Amphiprion ephippium (non Bloch): Smith, 1960: 319* (in part).
D X-XI,lS-17; A 11,13-15; P 19-21; LL 35-41; total GR 18-20. Depth
1.8-2.0; head 3.1-3.5.
Attains 14 cm. Commensal with large sea anemones
(usually Heteractis and Stichodactyla spp.). Known only
from reefs of east Africa as far south as Durban.
Genus Chrom;s Cuvier, 1814
Approximately 75 species; 11 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a D spines 12 ............................................. ....................... 2
1b D spines 13 or 14 (rarely 12) ............................................... 7
2a Front Yz of body dark brown, rear Yz abruptly
white .............................................................. C. dimidiata
2b Colour not as in 2a ........................................................... 3
3a Scales of body each with about 1-3 small auxiliary
scales at base .................................................. C. lepidolepis
3b Scales of body without auxiliary scales .................................. 4
4a D without scaly sheath; colour generally pale
(light green to bluish in life) .................................. C. caerulea
4b D with scaly sheath; colour generally brown,
sometimes with blue spots ................................................. 5
Sa Body relatively slender, greatest depth about
2.4-2.6 in SL; colour brownish with blue spots
forming lines on each scale row; C pale, with or
without narrow black upper and lower margins ........... C. nigrura
Sb Body relatively ovate, greatest depth about
1.7-2.0 in SL; colour mainly uniform brown to tan;
C with or without dark margins ........................................... 6
219: POMACENTRIDAE (DAMSELFISHES)
6a Base of P dark brown to blackish; C without black
longitudinal band along upper and lower edge ............... C. agilis
6b Base of P pale; C with prominent black
band along upper and lower edge ......................... C. ternatensis
7a D spines 13 (rarely 12 or 14) ..... ........ .. ..... ................. .......... 8
7b D spines 14 ................................................................... 10
8a Teeth of jaws more or less flattened, in a single
row; edge of preopercle not blackish ..................... C. dasygenys
8b Teeth of jaws conical, in 2 or more rows; edge of
preopercle blackish .......................................................... 9
9a Dark blotch behind opercle prominent; P base
with large dark blotch; C more or less uniform
with pale rear edge .......................................... C. opercularis
9b Dark blotch behind opercle usually faint; P base
at most dusky; C lobes each with broad dark stripe ........ C. weberi
lOa 3 spiniform procurrent rays on dorsal edge of C;
D XIV,1l-12; GR 23-25; black stripe on distal
part of A ............................................................ C. woodsi
lOb 2 spiniform procurrent rays on dorsal edge of
C; D XIV,13-14; GR 26-29; no black stripe on A ........ C. axillaris
219.10 Chromis agi/is
Smith,1960
PLATE 86
Rusty chromis
Roesrooi chromis
Chromis agilis Smith, 1960: 324, PI. 26, Fig. A and PI. 32, Fig. J (Astove
Id.); Allen, 1975: 75*.
D XII,12-14; A II,12-14; P 16; LL 14-16; total GR 27-30. Depth 1.7-1.9;
head 3.4-3.6.
Attains 8 cm. Inhabits reefs to at least 56 m along east
African coast south to Bazaruto, but generally rare. Also
known from scattered localities in the tropical Indo-Pacific
to Hawaii.
219.10 Chromisagilis: 7 em holotype (Darros Id.).
Grey chromis
219.11 Chromis axil/ads
(Bennett, 1831)
Grys chromis
Heliastes axillaris Bennett, 1831: 128 (Mauritius). Chromis axillaris:
Smith, 1960: 324; Bruner & Arnam, 1979: 57*.
D XIV,13-14; A II,12-13; P 18-19; LL 15-17; GR (7-8)+(19-22). Depth
1.9-2.0; head 3.2-3.3; 2nd A spine elongate.
673