210: CARANGIDAE (KINGFISHES)
D VIII +I,28-32; A II + 1,24-28; GR (13-16)+(39-45). Curved LL with
enlarged, scute-like scales (in large adults may become obscured by overgrowth of smaller body scales); scales and scutes in curved LL 28-34,
straight LL with 35-41 scutes.
Dark blue above, silvery below; A and P pale yellow; C
dark grey and V white or hyaline; black opercular spot.
Attains 35 cm. Demersal species on sandy bottoms from the
coastline to 400 m, but migrates to surface waters at night.
Eastern Cape Province northward to Mozambique; also
southern Madagascar and Walters Shoals.
210.51 Irachurus delagoa: 1 {em I-L.
Maasbanker
210.52 Trachurus trachurus
(Linnaeus, 1758)
PLATE 82
Maasbanker
Scomber trachurus Linnaeus, 1758: 298 (Mediterranean). Trachurus
capensis Castelnau, 1861: 43 (South Africa); van der Elst, 1981: 135*.
Selar tabulae Barnard, 1927: 538 (Table Bay). Branchialepes tabulae:
Smith, SFSA No. 504. Trachurus trachurus capensis: Nekrasov, 1978: 17.
Trachurus trachurus: Smith, SFSA No. 501 *; Smith & Smith, 1966: 72*.
D VIII+I,30-36; A 1I+1,24-32; GR (16-20)+(47-55). Curved LL with
enlarged, scute-Iike scales (in large adults may become obscured by overgrowth of smaller body scales); scales and scutes in curved LL 30-39,
straight LL with 32-39 scutes. (Counts from South African specimens
only.)
Bluish green, grey or nearly black above, shading to
silvery white below; black opercular spot. Attains 70 cm,
sexual maturity attained at 3 years and ca. 20 cm. The maasbanker is an important commercial species with 100-250
thousand tons trawled annually by west coast fishermen; it
is also considered to be an excellent bait for large game fish.
Delagoa Bay southward and around the Cape northward to
Norway.
210.52 Trachurus trachurus: 33.5 em FL.
660
Genus Ulua Jordan & Snyder, 1908
A single species generally recognised, but the Australian
Citula aurochs Ogilby (1915) is congeneric.
210.53 Ulua mentalis
(Cuvier, 1833)
Heavy jawed kingfish
Grootkaak-koningvis
Caranx mentalis Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1833: 124 (Red Sea). Ulua
mandibularis: Smith & Smith, 1969: 22*.
D VIII+I,21-22; A 1I+1,17-18; GR (23-27)+(51-61). Lower jaw
becoming very prominent in large adults. Breast naked to behind Vorigin
and laterally to P base. Straight LL with 0-5 scales and 26-38 scutes.
Bluish green above, silvery below. Attains 100 cm.
Madagascar northward and eastward to Taiwan and Australia.
210.53 Ulua mentalis: 26.5 em FL; change of head profile with growth.
Genus Uraspis Bleeker, 1855
Two or 3 species; 1 in southern Africa.
210.54 Uraspis secunda
(Poey, 1860)
Cottonmouth kingfish
Katoenbek-koningvis
Caranx secundus Poey, 1860: 223 (Cuba). Uraspis heidi Fowler, 1938:
150 (Manasquan, New Jersey). Uraspis wakiyaiWilliams, 1961: 66, Fig. 1,
PI. 4 (Tanzania). Uraspis uraspis: Smith, 1962: 506*.
D VIII (several spines embedded and not apparent in all but very
young)"+I,27-32; A II (embedded in all but very young) +1,19-23; GR
(4-8)+(13-16). Breast naked to V origin, laterally naked area separated
from naked P base by broad band of scales. Straight LL with spines of
some scutes directly anteriorly (antrorse) in juveniles and small adults.
D VIII +I,28-32; A II + 1,24-28; GR (13-16)+(39-45). Curved LL with
enlarged, scute-like scales (in large adults may become obscured by overgrowth of smaller body scales); scales and scutes in curved LL 28-34,
straight LL with 35-41 scutes.
Dark blue above, silvery below; A and P pale yellow; C
dark grey and V white or hyaline; black opercular spot.
Attains 35 cm. Demersal species on sandy bottoms from the
coastline to 400 m, but migrates to surface waters at night.
Eastern Cape Province northward to Mozambique; also
southern Madagascar and Walters Shoals.
210.51 Irachurus delagoa: 1 {em I-L.
Maasbanker
210.52 Trachurus trachurus
(Linnaeus, 1758)
PLATE 82
Maasbanker
Scomber trachurus Linnaeus, 1758: 298 (Mediterranean). Trachurus
capensis Castelnau, 1861: 43 (South Africa); van der Elst, 1981: 135*.
Selar tabulae Barnard, 1927: 538 (Table Bay). Branchialepes tabulae:
Smith, SFSA No. 504. Trachurus trachurus capensis: Nekrasov, 1978: 17.
Trachurus trachurus: Smith, SFSA No. 501 *; Smith & Smith, 1966: 72*.
D VIII+I,30-36; A 1I+1,24-32; GR (16-20)+(47-55). Curved LL with
enlarged, scute-Iike scales (in large adults may become obscured by overgrowth of smaller body scales); scales and scutes in curved LL 30-39,
straight LL with 32-39 scutes. (Counts from South African specimens
only.)
Bluish green, grey or nearly black above, shading to
silvery white below; black opercular spot. Attains 70 cm,
sexual maturity attained at 3 years and ca. 20 cm. The maasbanker is an important commercial species with 100-250
thousand tons trawled annually by west coast fishermen; it
is also considered to be an excellent bait for large game fish.
Delagoa Bay southward and around the Cape northward to
Norway.
210.52 Trachurus trachurus: 33.5 em FL.
660
Genus Ulua Jordan & Snyder, 1908
A single species generally recognised, but the Australian
Citula aurochs Ogilby (1915) is congeneric.
210.53 Ulua mentalis
(Cuvier, 1833)
Heavy jawed kingfish
Grootkaak-koningvis
Caranx mentalis Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1833: 124 (Red Sea). Ulua
mandibularis: Smith & Smith, 1969: 22*.
D VIII+I,21-22; A 1I+1,17-18; GR (23-27)+(51-61). Lower jaw
becoming very prominent in large adults. Breast naked to behind Vorigin
and laterally to P base. Straight LL with 0-5 scales and 26-38 scutes.
Bluish green above, silvery below. Attains 100 cm.
Madagascar northward and eastward to Taiwan and Australia.
210.53 Ulua mentalis: 26.5 em FL; change of head profile with growth.
Genus Uraspis Bleeker, 1855
Two or 3 species; 1 in southern Africa.
210.54 Uraspis secunda
(Poey, 1860)
Cottonmouth kingfish
Katoenbek-koningvis
Caranx secundus Poey, 1860: 223 (Cuba). Uraspis heidi Fowler, 1938:
150 (Manasquan, New Jersey). Uraspis wakiyaiWilliams, 1961: 66, Fig. 1,
PI. 4 (Tanzania). Uraspis uraspis: Smith, 1962: 506*.
D VIII (several spines embedded and not apparent in all but very
young)"+I,27-32; A II (embedded in all but very young) +1,19-23; GR
(4-8)+(13-16). Breast naked to V origin, laterally naked area separated
from naked P base by broad band of scales. Straight LL with spines of
some scutes directly anteriorly (antrorse) in juveniles and small adults.