210: CARANGIDAE (KINGFISHES)
18a Single 2-rayed finlet behind end of 0 and A;
maxilla ends distinctly before eye (to below
front margin of eye in young) ..................................... Elagatis
18b No finlets behind 0 and A; maxilla ends below eye ................ 19
19a Maxilla broadly rounded and reaches below rear
margin of eye; GR 4-10, mostly rudiments .................. Seriolina
19b Maxilla truncate or slightly rounded and reaches
below front Yz of eye; GR 11-29, mostly well developed ........... 20
20a First 0 spines 4 or 5; A rays 15-17; cutaneous
keel laterally on C peduncle well developed................ Naucrates
20b First 0 spines 7 or 8 (anterior spines may
become completely buried in large fish); A
rays 18-22; cutaneous keel on C peduncle absent
to moderately developed ............................................ Seriola
21a Posterior 0 and A rays consisting of semidetached finlets, distall'4 to \j of rays not connected
by membrane; upper lip joined to snout at midline
by a bridge of skin (frenum), but crossed by a
shallow groove in very young ............................. Scomberoides
21b Posterior 0 and A rays not consisting of semidetached finlets; upper lip separated from snout
at midline by a continuous deep groove ............................... 22
22a LL very irregular and sinuous, describing a convex
curve above and a concave curve behind P; teeth in
jaws in a broad band anteriorly, becoming narrower
posteriorly; maxilla extending beyond eye ....................... Lichia
22b LL only slightly irregular, weakly to moderately
convex above P, becoming straight posteriorly;
teeth, if present, in a narrow band in jaws; maxilla
not extending past eye ........................................ Trachinotus
Genus Alectis Rafinesque, 1815
Three species; 2 in southern Africa.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a Suborbital depth relatively narrow, 1.7-3.0 in upper
jaw length; lower GR (excluding rudiments) 12-17;
profile of nape and head broadly rounded .................... A. ciliaris
A. ci!iaris
A. indicus
Ib Suborbital depth broad, 0.8-1.0 in upper jaw length;
lower GR (excluding rudiments) 21-26; profile of nape
and head angular ................................................... A. indicus
210.1 Alectis ciliaris
(Bloch, 1787)
PLATE 79
Threadfin mirrorfish
Draadvin-spieelvis
Zeus ciliaris Bloch, 1787: 29, PI. 191 (East Indies). Alectis ciliaris:
Smith, SFSA No. 527*; Smith & Smith, 1966: 126*; van der Elst, 1981:
112*.
640
o VII (embedded and not apparent in adults) + T, 18-22; A II + 1,18-20;
anterior 0 & A rays extremely long and filamentous in young and
juveniles; GR (4-6)+(12-17). Body superficially naked, scales minute and
embedded.
Mostly silvery, with light metallic bluish tinge dorsally;
small, diffuse, dark opercular spot; juveniles with 5 dark
chevron-shaped bands on body. Attains at least 130 cm,
common to 100 cm; world angling record 18.8 kg. Adults
usually solitary and frequent shallow coastal waters to 100
m; young usually pelagic and drifting. Algoa Bay northwards; a circum tropical species. Elsewhere called "African
pompano".
210.1 Alectis ciliaris: 61 em FL.
210.2 Alectis indicus
(Ruppel!, 1830)
PLATE 79
Indian mirrorfish
Indiese spieelvis
Scyris indicus Riippell, 1830: 128, PI. 33, Fig. 1 (Red Sea). Alectis indicus: Smith, SFSA No. 528*; van der Elst, 1981: 113*.
210.2 Alectis indicus: top: 69 em FL; middle: small juvenile; bottom: 112 em
large adult (N. Mozambique).
18a Single 2-rayed finlet behind end of 0 and A;
maxilla ends distinctly before eye (to below
front margin of eye in young) ..................................... Elagatis
18b No finlets behind 0 and A; maxilla ends below eye ................ 19
19a Maxilla broadly rounded and reaches below rear
margin of eye; GR 4-10, mostly rudiments .................. Seriolina
19b Maxilla truncate or slightly rounded and reaches
below front Yz of eye; GR 11-29, mostly well developed ........... 20
20a First 0 spines 4 or 5; A rays 15-17; cutaneous
keel laterally on C peduncle well developed................ Naucrates
20b First 0 spines 7 or 8 (anterior spines may
become completely buried in large fish); A
rays 18-22; cutaneous keel on C peduncle absent
to moderately developed ............................................ Seriola
21a Posterior 0 and A rays consisting of semidetached finlets, distall'4 to \j of rays not connected
by membrane; upper lip joined to snout at midline
by a bridge of skin (frenum), but crossed by a
shallow groove in very young ............................. Scomberoides
21b Posterior 0 and A rays not consisting of semidetached finlets; upper lip separated from snout
at midline by a continuous deep groove ............................... 22
22a LL very irregular and sinuous, describing a convex
curve above and a concave curve behind P; teeth in
jaws in a broad band anteriorly, becoming narrower
posteriorly; maxilla extending beyond eye ....................... Lichia
22b LL only slightly irregular, weakly to moderately
convex above P, becoming straight posteriorly;
teeth, if present, in a narrow band in jaws; maxilla
not extending past eye ........................................ Trachinotus
Genus Alectis Rafinesque, 1815
Three species; 2 in southern Africa.
KEY TO SPECIES
1a Suborbital depth relatively narrow, 1.7-3.0 in upper
jaw length; lower GR (excluding rudiments) 12-17;
profile of nape and head broadly rounded .................... A. ciliaris
A. ci!iaris
A. indicus
Ib Suborbital depth broad, 0.8-1.0 in upper jaw length;
lower GR (excluding rudiments) 21-26; profile of nape
and head angular ................................................... A. indicus
210.1 Alectis ciliaris
(Bloch, 1787)
PLATE 79
Threadfin mirrorfish
Draadvin-spieelvis
Zeus ciliaris Bloch, 1787: 29, PI. 191 (East Indies). Alectis ciliaris:
Smith, SFSA No. 527*; Smith & Smith, 1966: 126*; van der Elst, 1981:
112*.
640
o VII (embedded and not apparent in adults) + T, 18-22; A II + 1,18-20;
anterior 0 & A rays extremely long and filamentous in young and
juveniles; GR (4-6)+(12-17). Body superficially naked, scales minute and
embedded.
Mostly silvery, with light metallic bluish tinge dorsally;
small, diffuse, dark opercular spot; juveniles with 5 dark
chevron-shaped bands on body. Attains at least 130 cm,
common to 100 cm; world angling record 18.8 kg. Adults
usually solitary and frequent shallow coastal waters to 100
m; young usually pelagic and drifting. Algoa Bay northwards; a circum tropical species. Elsewhere called "African
pompano".
210.1 Alectis ciliaris: 61 em FL.
210.2 Alectis indicus
(Ruppel!, 1830)
PLATE 79
Indian mirrorfish
Indiese spieelvis
Scyris indicus Riippell, 1830: 128, PI. 33, Fig. 1 (Red Sea). Alectis indicus: Smith, SFSA No. 528*; van der Elst, 1981: 113*.
210.2 Alectis indicus: top: 69 em FL; middle: small juvenile; bottom: 112 em
large adult (N. Mozambique).