175.13 Apogon kiensis
Jordan & Snyder, 1901
Rifle cardinal
Geweer-kardinaal
Apogon kiensis Jordan & Snyder, 1901: 905, Fig. 9 (Japan); Smith,
1961: 388*.
D VI+I,9; A II,8; P 14; LL 28; predorsal scales 4-5; GR (5-7)+(16-18)
= 22-25. Depth 3.1-3.4, head 2.7-2.8 in SL; eye 2.7-2.9 in head.
Body pale with dark stripes as shown. May be confused
with A. quadrifasciatus, which has 7 spines in 1st D and
19-20 lower GR. Attains 8 cm. Mozambique Id. to Red Sea,
Philippines, Japan and Taiwan.
175.13 Apogon kiensis: 5 em (N. Mozambique).
175.14 Apogon /ateralis
Valenciennes, 1832
PLATE 48
Humpback cardinal
Boggel-kardinaal
Apogon lateralis Valenciennes, 1832: 58 (Vanicolo); Smith, 1961: 386*.
Apogon hyalosoma (non Bleeker): Smith, SFSA No. 479*.
D VI+I,9; A II,8; P 14; LL 28; predorsal scales 6-7; GR (5-7)+(16-18)
= 22-25. Depth 2.5, head 2.6 in SL; eye 3.8 in head.
Predorsal section of head high, forming a hump above
eyes; a dark narrow line from angle of opercle to a small
spot at C base; front and tip of 1st D black. Attains 10 cm.
Indo-West Pacific, often found in freshwater and estuaries,
south to Inhaca Id.
175.15 Apogon /eptacanthus
Bleeker, 1856
PLATE 48
Longspine cardinal
Langstekel-kardinaal
Apogon leptacanthus Bleeker, 1856: 204 (Ternate); 1873: 97, PI. 71,
Fig. 3 (East Indies); Smith, 1961: 385*.
D VHI,9; A II,9; P 13; LL 24; predorsal scales 5; GR (6-7)+(22-23).
Depth 2.2-2.4, head 2.5-2.6 in SL; eye 2.4-2.6 in head. LL not extending
onto C, not ending with an elongate scale.
Body pinkish; a few bluish vertical lines and spots on
opercIe and under 1st D; areas between lines sometimes
orange; filament of 2nd D spine black; snout and top of
175: APOGONIDAE (CARDINAL FISHES)
head dusky; caudal spot absent. Attains 6 cm. Indo-West
Pacific south to Mozambique Id.
175.16 Apogon mu/titaeniatus
Ehrenberg, 1828
PLATE 49
Smallscale cardinal
Kleinskub-kardinaal
Apogon multitaeniatus Ehrenberg, in Cuv. & Val., 1828: 159 (Red
Sea); Smith, SFSA No. 488*. Apogon natalensis Gilchrist & Thompson,
1908: 149 (Natal). Lepidamia multitaeniatus: Smith, 1961: 381*.
D VII+I,9; A II,8; P 15; LL 43-45; predorsal scales 4-5; GR (5-6)+
(14-16) (developed GR lO). Depth 2.6, head 2.7-2.8 in SL; eye 3.0-3.5 in
head.
Body with 18-20 dark longitudinal lines along scale rows;
1st D black, other fins dusky; P base black; tips of V black.
One of the largest cardinal fishes, attains 18 cm. Indo-West
Pacific, Red Sea to Durban.
175.17 Apogon nigripes
Playfair & Gunther, 1866
PLATE 49
Blackfoot cardinal
Swartvoet-kardinaal
Apogon nigripes Playfair & Giinther, 1866: 19, PI. 5, Fig. 1 (Zanzibar);
Smith, SFSA No. 476*; 1961: 387*.
D VHI,8; A II,8; P 14; LL26-27; predorsal scales 2; GR (6-7)+(22-23).
Depth 2.2-2.4, head 2.7-3.0 in SL; eye 2.4-2.7 in head. Dorsal profile concave, forming a small hump above eyes; V reaching well past A origin.
Body with dark vertical bars mostly under LL; 1st D,
front of 2nd D and A and C lobes dark; V black. Attains 6-7
cm. Lake St. Lucia northwards, probably to the Red Sea.
175.18 Apogon nigripinnis
Cuvier, 1828
PLATE 49
Bullseye cardinal
Koloog-kardinaal
Apogon nigripinnis Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1828: 113 (India). Apogonichthyoides uninotatus (non Smith & Radcliffe): Smith, SFSA No. 494*.
Apogonichthyoides nigripinnis: Smith, 1961: 395*.
D VII+I,9; A II,8; P 15-16; LL27; predorsal scales 2; GR(3-4)+(13-14)
(developed GR 12-13). Depth 2.2-2.3, head 2.4 in SL; eye 3.3-3.6 in head.
Low hump above eyes; teeth villiform posteriorly on jaws and vomer,
becoming larger and incurved anteriorly; C truncate.
Body with a dark vertical bar under each D and another
on C base; sometimes a 4th bar between 2nd D and C base;
large ocellus above P rarely absent, sometimes present only
on 1 side of body; V black; P light and other fins dusky to
dark. Attains 10 cm. Indo-West Pacific, Red Sea and south
to Delogoa Bay; possibly 1 record from the Mediterranean.
551
Jordan & Snyder, 1901
Rifle cardinal
Geweer-kardinaal
Apogon kiensis Jordan & Snyder, 1901: 905, Fig. 9 (Japan); Smith,
1961: 388*.
D VI+I,9; A II,8; P 14; LL 28; predorsal scales 4-5; GR (5-7)+(16-18)
= 22-25. Depth 3.1-3.4, head 2.7-2.8 in SL; eye 2.7-2.9 in head.
Body pale with dark stripes as shown. May be confused
with A. quadrifasciatus, which has 7 spines in 1st D and
19-20 lower GR. Attains 8 cm. Mozambique Id. to Red Sea,
Philippines, Japan and Taiwan.
175.13 Apogon kiensis: 5 em (N. Mozambique).
175.14 Apogon /ateralis
Valenciennes, 1832
PLATE 48
Humpback cardinal
Boggel-kardinaal
Apogon lateralis Valenciennes, 1832: 58 (Vanicolo); Smith, 1961: 386*.
Apogon hyalosoma (non Bleeker): Smith, SFSA No. 479*.
D VI+I,9; A II,8; P 14; LL 28; predorsal scales 6-7; GR (5-7)+(16-18)
= 22-25. Depth 2.5, head 2.6 in SL; eye 3.8 in head.
Predorsal section of head high, forming a hump above
eyes; a dark narrow line from angle of opercle to a small
spot at C base; front and tip of 1st D black. Attains 10 cm.
Indo-West Pacific, often found in freshwater and estuaries,
south to Inhaca Id.
175.15 Apogon /eptacanthus
Bleeker, 1856
PLATE 48
Longspine cardinal
Langstekel-kardinaal
Apogon leptacanthus Bleeker, 1856: 204 (Ternate); 1873: 97, PI. 71,
Fig. 3 (East Indies); Smith, 1961: 385*.
D VHI,9; A II,9; P 13; LL 24; predorsal scales 5; GR (6-7)+(22-23).
Depth 2.2-2.4, head 2.5-2.6 in SL; eye 2.4-2.6 in head. LL not extending
onto C, not ending with an elongate scale.
Body pinkish; a few bluish vertical lines and spots on
opercIe and under 1st D; areas between lines sometimes
orange; filament of 2nd D spine black; snout and top of
175: APOGONIDAE (CARDINAL FISHES)
head dusky; caudal spot absent. Attains 6 cm. Indo-West
Pacific south to Mozambique Id.
175.16 Apogon mu/titaeniatus
Ehrenberg, 1828
PLATE 49
Smallscale cardinal
Kleinskub-kardinaal
Apogon multitaeniatus Ehrenberg, in Cuv. & Val., 1828: 159 (Red
Sea); Smith, SFSA No. 488*. Apogon natalensis Gilchrist & Thompson,
1908: 149 (Natal). Lepidamia multitaeniatus: Smith, 1961: 381*.
D VII+I,9; A II,8; P 15; LL 43-45; predorsal scales 4-5; GR (5-6)+
(14-16) (developed GR lO). Depth 2.6, head 2.7-2.8 in SL; eye 3.0-3.5 in
head.
Body with 18-20 dark longitudinal lines along scale rows;
1st D black, other fins dusky; P base black; tips of V black.
One of the largest cardinal fishes, attains 18 cm. Indo-West
Pacific, Red Sea to Durban.
175.17 Apogon nigripes
Playfair & Gunther, 1866
PLATE 49
Blackfoot cardinal
Swartvoet-kardinaal
Apogon nigripes Playfair & Giinther, 1866: 19, PI. 5, Fig. 1 (Zanzibar);
Smith, SFSA No. 476*; 1961: 387*.
D VHI,8; A II,8; P 14; LL26-27; predorsal scales 2; GR (6-7)+(22-23).
Depth 2.2-2.4, head 2.7-3.0 in SL; eye 2.4-2.7 in head. Dorsal profile concave, forming a small hump above eyes; V reaching well past A origin.
Body with dark vertical bars mostly under LL; 1st D,
front of 2nd D and A and C lobes dark; V black. Attains 6-7
cm. Lake St. Lucia northwards, probably to the Red Sea.
175.18 Apogon nigripinnis
Cuvier, 1828
PLATE 49
Bullseye cardinal
Koloog-kardinaal
Apogon nigripinnis Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1828: 113 (India). Apogonichthyoides uninotatus (non Smith & Radcliffe): Smith, SFSA No. 494*.
Apogonichthyoides nigripinnis: Smith, 1961: 395*.
D VII+I,9; A II,8; P 15-16; LL27; predorsal scales 2; GR(3-4)+(13-14)
(developed GR 12-13). Depth 2.2-2.3, head 2.4 in SL; eye 3.3-3.6 in head.
Low hump above eyes; teeth villiform posteriorly on jaws and vomer,
becoming larger and incurved anteriorly; C truncate.
Body with a dark vertical bar under each D and another
on C base; sometimes a 4th bar between 2nd D and C base;
large ocellus above P rarely absent, sometimes present only
on 1 side of body; V black; P light and other fins dusky to
dark. Attains 10 cm. Indo-West Pacific, Red Sea and south
to Delogoa Bay; possibly 1 record from the Mediterranean.
551