whitish blotch in middle of each membrane (except the 1st)
forming a median band; D membrane tips white, except
posteriorly. Attains 27 cm. Generally found on reef or
rocky areas of protected inshore waters. Red Sea and IndoWest Pacific; not known from any islands in western Indian
Ocean, nor from east coast of Africa, but it may occur here.
132.15 Sargocentron seyche/lense
(Smith & Smith, 1963)
PLATES 20 & 21
Yellow-tipped squirrelfish
Geeltip-soldaat
Holocentrusseychellensis Smith & Smith, 1963: 9, PI. 87, Fig. E (Mahe,
Seychelles); Smith, 1963: 33. Sargocentron seychellense: Randall &
Heemstra, 1985: 18*.
D XU12 or 13 (rarely 12); A IV,8-1O; P 13-15; LL35-39; oblique rows of
cheek scales 5; GR (6-7)+(10-12). Body depth 2.4-2.7, head length 2.62.9 in SL; upper edge of preorbital with a row of posterolaterally projecting spines, the anteriormost largest; nasal bone and fossa without
spinules.
Body with sub equal stripes of reddish brown and silvery
white; spinous D mostly white, the membrane tips yellow,
the basal part of fin red, except base of 1st 2 membranes,
which are whitish; other fins pale yellowish, except upper
and lower edges of C, 4th A spine and distal part of 1st A
ray, which are red, and anterior edge of A and V, which are
white; P base and axil dark brown. Attains 25 cm. A shallow-water species of coral reefs and rocky shores. Known
only from the Seychelles, Mauritius, Madagascar, Chagos
Archipelago and St. Brandon Shoals. The record of "A.
seychellensis" from Maputaland (Smith, 1980) is erroneous.
132.16 Sargocentron spiniferum
(Forsskal, 1775)
PLATE 20
Sabre squirrelfish
Sabel-soldaat
Sciaena spinifera Forsskfll, 1775: 49 (Jeddah, Red Sea). Holocentrus
spiniferus: Smith, 1951: 49*; 1953: 515, No. 297a*; Smith & Smith,
1963: 9*. Sargocentron spiniferum: Randall & Heemstra, 1985: 19*.
D XI/I4-16; A IV,9 or 10 (usually 10): P 14-16; LL 41-45; oblique rows
of cheek scales 5; GR (6-7)+(12-14). Body depth 2.4-2.6, head length 2.5132.16 Sargocentron spiniferum: head of 3.5 em post-larval specimen.
132: HOLOCENTRIDAE (SQUIRRELFISHES. SOLDIERFISHES)
3.1 in SL; preopercular spine usually longer than orbit diameter in fish
greater than 20 cm SL; nasal bone and fossa without spinules posteriorly;
anterior end of nasal bone usually with 1 or2 short spines; spinous D membrane not incised between the spines.
Head and body red, the edges of the scales silvery white;
spinous D uniform crimson; other fins mainly orangeyellow; a vertically oblong crimson spot on preopercle
behind eye; P axil with a crimson blotch divided by a white
line. The largest of the squirrelfishes; attains about 45 cm.
A coral-reef species usually found in caves, from which it
emerges at night to feed on crustaceans, especially crabs.
Red Sea and east coast of Africa south to Natal, east to
French Polynesia and the Pitcairn Group.
132.17 Saragocentron tiere
(Cuvier, 1829)
PLATE 20
Red squirrelfish
Rooi soldaat
Holocentrum tiere Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1829: 202 (Tahiti). Sargocentron tiere: Randall & Heemstra, 1985: 20*.
D XI/13-15; A IV ,9; P 13-15; LL 46-52; oblique rows of cheek scales 5;
GR (7-9)+(13-16). Body depth 2.7-3.0, head length 2.9-3.3 in SL; nasal
fossa, posterior part of nasal bone and upper edge of preorbital without
spines; anterior end of nasal bone with 2 short spines; preopercular spine
about % eye diameter.
Head and body red, without distinct white stripes or
markings; fins red; tips of spinous D membrane white, and
an oblong white spot at middle of all membranes except 1st
2. Attains 33 cm. An insular coral-reef species from
Mauritius, Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra and the Seychelles to the Pitcairn Group and the Hawaiian Ids.
132.18 Sargocentron tiereoides
(Bleeker, 1853)
PLATE 20
Pink squirrelfish
Pienk soldaat
Holocentrum tiereoides Bleeker, 1853: 334 (Ambon). Sargocentron
tiereoides: Randall & Heemstra, 1985: 20*.
132.18 Sargocentron tieroides: 4 em SL juvenile (Chagos Ids.; photo by J.E.
Randall).
421
forming a median band; D membrane tips white, except
posteriorly. Attains 27 cm. Generally found on reef or
rocky areas of protected inshore waters. Red Sea and IndoWest Pacific; not known from any islands in western Indian
Ocean, nor from east coast of Africa, but it may occur here.
132.15 Sargocentron seyche/lense
(Smith & Smith, 1963)
PLATES 20 & 21
Yellow-tipped squirrelfish
Geeltip-soldaat
Holocentrusseychellensis Smith & Smith, 1963: 9, PI. 87, Fig. E (Mahe,
Seychelles); Smith, 1963: 33. Sargocentron seychellense: Randall &
Heemstra, 1985: 18*.
D XU12 or 13 (rarely 12); A IV,8-1O; P 13-15; LL35-39; oblique rows of
cheek scales 5; GR (6-7)+(10-12). Body depth 2.4-2.7, head length 2.62.9 in SL; upper edge of preorbital with a row of posterolaterally projecting spines, the anteriormost largest; nasal bone and fossa without
spinules.
Body with sub equal stripes of reddish brown and silvery
white; spinous D mostly white, the membrane tips yellow,
the basal part of fin red, except base of 1st 2 membranes,
which are whitish; other fins pale yellowish, except upper
and lower edges of C, 4th A spine and distal part of 1st A
ray, which are red, and anterior edge of A and V, which are
white; P base and axil dark brown. Attains 25 cm. A shallow-water species of coral reefs and rocky shores. Known
only from the Seychelles, Mauritius, Madagascar, Chagos
Archipelago and St. Brandon Shoals. The record of "A.
seychellensis" from Maputaland (Smith, 1980) is erroneous.
132.16 Sargocentron spiniferum
(Forsskal, 1775)
PLATE 20
Sabre squirrelfish
Sabel-soldaat
Sciaena spinifera Forsskfll, 1775: 49 (Jeddah, Red Sea). Holocentrus
spiniferus: Smith, 1951: 49*; 1953: 515, No. 297a*; Smith & Smith,
1963: 9*. Sargocentron spiniferum: Randall & Heemstra, 1985: 19*.
D XI/I4-16; A IV,9 or 10 (usually 10): P 14-16; LL 41-45; oblique rows
of cheek scales 5; GR (6-7)+(12-14). Body depth 2.4-2.6, head length 2.5132.16 Sargocentron spiniferum: head of 3.5 em post-larval specimen.
132: HOLOCENTRIDAE (SQUIRRELFISHES. SOLDIERFISHES)
3.1 in SL; preopercular spine usually longer than orbit diameter in fish
greater than 20 cm SL; nasal bone and fossa without spinules posteriorly;
anterior end of nasal bone usually with 1 or2 short spines; spinous D membrane not incised between the spines.
Head and body red, the edges of the scales silvery white;
spinous D uniform crimson; other fins mainly orangeyellow; a vertically oblong crimson spot on preopercle
behind eye; P axil with a crimson blotch divided by a white
line. The largest of the squirrelfishes; attains about 45 cm.
A coral-reef species usually found in caves, from which it
emerges at night to feed on crustaceans, especially crabs.
Red Sea and east coast of Africa south to Natal, east to
French Polynesia and the Pitcairn Group.
132.17 Saragocentron tiere
(Cuvier, 1829)
PLATE 20
Red squirrelfish
Rooi soldaat
Holocentrum tiere Cuvier, in Cuv. & Val., 1829: 202 (Tahiti). Sargocentron tiere: Randall & Heemstra, 1985: 20*.
D XI/13-15; A IV ,9; P 13-15; LL 46-52; oblique rows of cheek scales 5;
GR (7-9)+(13-16). Body depth 2.7-3.0, head length 2.9-3.3 in SL; nasal
fossa, posterior part of nasal bone and upper edge of preorbital without
spines; anterior end of nasal bone with 2 short spines; preopercular spine
about % eye diameter.
Head and body red, without distinct white stripes or
markings; fins red; tips of spinous D membrane white, and
an oblong white spot at middle of all membranes except 1st
2. Attains 33 cm. An insular coral-reef species from
Mauritius, Chagos Archipelago, Aldabra and the Seychelles to the Pitcairn Group and the Hawaiian Ids.
132.18 Sargocentron tiereoides
(Bleeker, 1853)
PLATE 20
Pink squirrelfish
Pienk soldaat
Holocentrum tiereoides Bleeker, 1853: 334 (Ambon). Sargocentron
tiereoides: Randall & Heemstra, 1985: 20*.
132.18 Sargocentron tieroides: 4 em SL juvenile (Chagos Ids.; photo by J.E.
Randall).
421