D 13-14; A 18-19; P 14-15; GR (5-6)+(13-15); AO (6-8)+(5-7). Males
with supracaudalluminous gland of 4-7 black-edged, overlapping, scalelike structures; females with infracaudalluminous gland of 3-4 partiallyoverlapping, heart-shaped structures.
Attains 90 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; nyctoepipelagic at surface. In Agulhas Current and off west coast
in Agulhas Water pockets; also in tropical/subtropical
waters of Indo-Pacific.
86.105 Myctophum spinosum: 5.5 em SL.
Genus Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner, 1949
Maxilla abruptly expanded posteriorly, extending well
past orbit; A base slightly longer than Dbase. Dn present;
Vn absent; 5 PO; 4 VO; SAO series obtusely angulate; AO
series divided into AOa and AOp; 2 Pol; 2 Prc; both sexes
with single, supracaudalluminous gland. One species.
86.106 Notolychnus valdiviae
(Brauer, 1904)
Myc/ophum valdiviae Brauer, 1904: 398, Fig. 4 (Atlantic and Indian
oceans). N%lychnus valdiviae: Hulley, 1972: 222; 1981: 111*; 1984: 86;
Wisner, 1976: 144*; Nafpaktitis et aI., 1977: 92* .
D 10-12; A 12-14; P 11-14; GR 2+(8-9); AO 4+(3-4).
Attains 25 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 400 -700 m
(day); 25 - 350 m (night). Off all our coasts. Atlantic (56°N40
0
S), Indian Ocean (09°-32°S) and Pacific (32°N-30oS, but
to 20
0
S in Peruvian Transitional Zone) .
86.106 Notolychnus valdiviae: 2 em SL male (after Nafpaktitis et al., 1977).
Genus Notoscopelus Gunther, 1864
Maxilla slightly expanded posteriorly, extending well
past orbit; D base longer than A base; P short. Dn well
86: MYCfOPHIDAE (LANTERN FISHES)
developed; Vn small; 5 PO; 5 VO; SAO series obtusely
angulate; AO series divided into AOa and AOp; 2 or 3 Pol,
horizontally arranged; 2+ 1 Prc; large supracaudalluminous gland only in males; numerous patches of luminous tissue on trunk and at bases of procurrent C rays. Two subgenera; 1 subgenus in our area.
Subgenus Notoscopelus Gunther, 1864
Adult males with large supracaudalluminous gland but
without luminous tissue on cheek and above eye. Five
species; 2 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
la Total GR 13-15; D 24-27; AO 11-12; enlarged
teeth on rear ~ of dentary ... ........... .. ......... N. (N.) caudispinosus
Ib GR 19-23; D 21-24; AO 12-14; no enlarged
teeth on rear ~ of dentary ... ............ ............. N. (N.) resplendens
86.107 Notoscopelus (Notoscopelus) caudispinosus
(Johnson, 1863)
Scopelus caudispinosus Johnson, 1863: 42 (off Madeira) . N%scopelus
elonga/us: Grindley & Penrith , 1965: 283 (in part). N%scopelus (N%scopelus) caudispinosus: Nafpaktitis, 1975: 76*; Hulley, 1981: 243*; 1984:
86*.
D 24-27; A 19-21; P 11-13; GR 4+(9-11); AO (7-8)+(4-5).
Attains 140 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; deeper
than 1 000 m (day); from surface to 175 m (night). In
Agulhas Current south to 34°S. Broadly tropical species in
Atlantic (42°N-37°S) and Indian (once at 07°56'S, 65°14'E)
oceans, southeast Asian seas and off Hawaii.
86.107 Notoscopelus (N.) caudispinosus: 2 em SL.
86.108 Notoscopelus (Notoscopelus) resplendens
(Richardson, 1845)
Lampanyc/us resplendens Richardson, 1845: 42, PI. 27, Figs. 16-18 (no
type-locality). Lampanyc/us elonga/us (non Costa): Norman, 1930: 329;
Smith, SFSA No. 207. N%scopelus elonga/us: Grindley & Penrith, 1965:
283 (in part). N%scopelus (N%scopelus) resplendens: Nafpaktitis et aI.,
1977: 250*; Hulley, 1981: 246*; 1984: 87.
D 21-24; A 18-20; P 11-13; GR (5-7)+(13-16) ; AO (7-9)+(4-7).
Attains 95 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 651- 2000 m
(day); 50 - 300 m (night), but nyctoepipelagic at surface in
315
with supracaudalluminous gland of 4-7 black-edged, overlapping, scalelike structures; females with infracaudalluminous gland of 3-4 partiallyoverlapping, heart-shaped structures.
Attains 90 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; nyctoepipelagic at surface. In Agulhas Current and off west coast
in Agulhas Water pockets; also in tropical/subtropical
waters of Indo-Pacific.
86.105 Myctophum spinosum: 5.5 em SL.
Genus Notolychnus Fraser-Brunner, 1949
Maxilla abruptly expanded posteriorly, extending well
past orbit; A base slightly longer than Dbase. Dn present;
Vn absent; 5 PO; 4 VO; SAO series obtusely angulate; AO
series divided into AOa and AOp; 2 Pol; 2 Prc; both sexes
with single, supracaudalluminous gland. One species.
86.106 Notolychnus valdiviae
(Brauer, 1904)
Myc/ophum valdiviae Brauer, 1904: 398, Fig. 4 (Atlantic and Indian
oceans). N%lychnus valdiviae: Hulley, 1972: 222; 1981: 111*; 1984: 86;
Wisner, 1976: 144*; Nafpaktitis et aI., 1977: 92* .
D 10-12; A 12-14; P 11-14; GR 2+(8-9); AO 4+(3-4).
Attains 25 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 400 -700 m
(day); 25 - 350 m (night). Off all our coasts. Atlantic (56°N40
0
S), Indian Ocean (09°-32°S) and Pacific (32°N-30oS, but
to 20
0
S in Peruvian Transitional Zone) .
86.106 Notolychnus valdiviae: 2 em SL male (after Nafpaktitis et al., 1977).
Genus Notoscopelus Gunther, 1864
Maxilla slightly expanded posteriorly, extending well
past orbit; D base longer than A base; P short. Dn well
86: MYCfOPHIDAE (LANTERN FISHES)
developed; Vn small; 5 PO; 5 VO; SAO series obtusely
angulate; AO series divided into AOa and AOp; 2 or 3 Pol,
horizontally arranged; 2+ 1 Prc; large supracaudalluminous gland only in males; numerous patches of luminous tissue on trunk and at bases of procurrent C rays. Two subgenera; 1 subgenus in our area.
Subgenus Notoscopelus Gunther, 1864
Adult males with large supracaudalluminous gland but
without luminous tissue on cheek and above eye. Five
species; 2 in our area.
KEY TO SPECIES
la Total GR 13-15; D 24-27; AO 11-12; enlarged
teeth on rear ~ of dentary ... ........... .. ......... N. (N.) caudispinosus
Ib GR 19-23; D 21-24; AO 12-14; no enlarged
teeth on rear ~ of dentary ... ............ ............. N. (N.) resplendens
86.107 Notoscopelus (Notoscopelus) caudispinosus
(Johnson, 1863)
Scopelus caudispinosus Johnson, 1863: 42 (off Madeira) . N%scopelus
elonga/us: Grindley & Penrith , 1965: 283 (in part). N%scopelus (N%scopelus) caudispinosus: Nafpaktitis, 1975: 76*; Hulley, 1981: 243*; 1984:
86*.
D 24-27; A 19-21; P 11-13; GR 4+(9-11); AO (7-8)+(4-5).
Attains 140 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; deeper
than 1 000 m (day); from surface to 175 m (night). In
Agulhas Current south to 34°S. Broadly tropical species in
Atlantic (42°N-37°S) and Indian (once at 07°56'S, 65°14'E)
oceans, southeast Asian seas and off Hawaii.
86.107 Notoscopelus (N.) caudispinosus: 2 em SL.
86.108 Notoscopelus (Notoscopelus) resplendens
(Richardson, 1845)
Lampanyc/us resplendens Richardson, 1845: 42, PI. 27, Figs. 16-18 (no
type-locality). Lampanyc/us elonga/us (non Costa): Norman, 1930: 329;
Smith, SFSA No. 207. N%scopelus elonga/us: Grindley & Penrith, 1965:
283 (in part). N%scopelus (N%scopelus) resplendens: Nafpaktitis et aI.,
1977: 250*; Hulley, 1981: 246*; 1984: 87.
D 21-24; A 18-20; P 11-13; GR (5-7)+(13-16) ; AO (7-9)+(4-7).
Attains 95 mm. High-oceanic, mesopelagic; 651- 2000 m
(day); 50 - 300 m (night), but nyctoepipelagic at surface in
315