308
O. Clement et al.
In conclusion, in spite of poor bootstrap proportion, these allozymic
data appear informative, providing two parsimonious trees with an RI of
0.757. It seems reasonably established that Champsocephalus is the most
basal channichthyid. The terminal clade (Channichthys (Cryodraco,
Chaenocephalus)) is one of the best established nodes (bootstrap
proportion of 65%), but not congruent with morphological data analysed
so far with respect to the relationships of Channichthys. On one hand, one
must keep in mind that Channichthys has 15 characters of 51 which are
missing (question marks) in the NEXUS matrix. On the other hand, the
morphological characters of Iwami [3] advocating a more basal position
of Channichthys could also be reconsidered. Allozymic data do not clarify
either relationships of Chionodraco and Chaenodraco, or the monophyly
of Chionodraco.
Acknowledgments
This work is a part of the EPOS ESF program and was also coordinated within the
European Science Foundation Network" Fishes of the Antarctic Ocean." The
CNRS (GDR 1005, VMS 826 and UPR 9060) provided fmancial supports. We
are specially grateful to Drs. E. Pisano and R. Williams for having provided the
samples from Heard Island and Prydz Bay.
References
1. Eastman JT (1993) Antarctic fish biology, evolution in a unique
environment. Academic Press, London New York
2. DeVries Al (1971) Freezing resistance in fishes. In: Hoar WS, Randall DJ
(eds) Fish physiology, Vol 6, pp 157-190
3. Iwami T (1985) Osteology and relationships of the family Channichthyidae.
Mem Natl Inst Polar Res ser E 36: 1-69
4. Voskoboinikova OS (1997) Osteological development of the
Channichthyidae. Cybium 21(4):369-380
5. McDonald MA, Smith MH, Smith MW, Novak JM, Johns PE, DeVries AL
(1992) Biochemical systematics of notothenioid fishes from Antarctica.
Biochem Syst Ecol20 (3):233-241
6. Duhamel G, Ozouf-Costaz C, Cattaneo-Berrebi G, Berrebi P (1995)
Interpopulation relationship in two species of Antarctic fish Notothenia
rossii and Champsocephalus gunnari from the Kerguelen Islands: an
allozyme study. Antarct Sci 7(4):351-356
7. Wright S (1951) The genetical structure of populations. Ann Eugenics
15:323-354
8. Pasteur N, Pasteur G, Bonhomme F, Catala J, Britton-Davidian J (1987)
Manuel de genetique par electrophorese des proteines. Lavoisier, Paris
O. Clement et al.
In conclusion, in spite of poor bootstrap proportion, these allozymic
data appear informative, providing two parsimonious trees with an RI of
0.757. It seems reasonably established that Champsocephalus is the most
basal channichthyid. The terminal clade (Channichthys (Cryodraco,
Chaenocephalus)) is one of the best established nodes (bootstrap
proportion of 65%), but not congruent with morphological data analysed
so far with respect to the relationships of Channichthys. On one hand, one
must keep in mind that Channichthys has 15 characters of 51 which are
missing (question marks) in the NEXUS matrix. On the other hand, the
morphological characters of Iwami [3] advocating a more basal position
of Channichthys could also be reconsidered. Allozymic data do not clarify
either relationships of Chionodraco and Chaenodraco, or the monophyly
of Chionodraco.
Acknowledgments
This work is a part of the EPOS ESF program and was also coordinated within the
European Science Foundation Network" Fishes of the Antarctic Ocean." The
CNRS (GDR 1005, VMS 826 and UPR 9060) provided fmancial supports. We
are specially grateful to Drs. E. Pisano and R. Williams for having provided the
samples from Heard Island and Prydz Bay.
References
1. Eastman JT (1993) Antarctic fish biology, evolution in a unique
environment. Academic Press, London New York
2. DeVries Al (1971) Freezing resistance in fishes. In: Hoar WS, Randall DJ
(eds) Fish physiology, Vol 6, pp 157-190
3. Iwami T (1985) Osteology and relationships of the family Channichthyidae.
Mem Natl Inst Polar Res ser E 36: 1-69
4. Voskoboinikova OS (1997) Osteological development of the
Channichthyidae. Cybium 21(4):369-380
5. McDonald MA, Smith MH, Smith MW, Novak JM, Johns PE, DeVries AL
(1992) Biochemical systematics of notothenioid fishes from Antarctica.
Biochem Syst Ecol20 (3):233-241
6. Duhamel G, Ozouf-Costaz C, Cattaneo-Berrebi G, Berrebi P (1995)
Interpopulation relationship in two species of Antarctic fish Notothenia
rossii and Champsocephalus gunnari from the Kerguelen Islands: an
allozyme study. Antarct Sci 7(4):351-356
7. Wright S (1951) The genetical structure of populations. Ann Eugenics
15:323-354
8. Pasteur N, Pasteur G, Bonhomme F, Catala J, Britton-Davidian J (1987)
Manuel de genetique par electrophorese des proteines. Lavoisier, Paris