4
Stylephoriformes (Miya et al. 2007: M-140), close relationship between Alepocephaliformes and
Otocephala (Lavoué et al. 2008: L-24), and Gobiiformes (Thacker 2009: T-63) were proposed, these
hypotheses were treated as pending problems in this book.
The higher-level classification used here is as follows:
fi
Class Myxini ...................................................................................
8, 28
Order Myxiniformes .................................................
8, 28
Class Petromyzontida ....................................................................
8, 29
Order Petromyzontiformes ......................................
8, 29
Class Chondrichthyes ....................................................................
9, 30
Subclass Holocephali ................................................................
9
Order Chimaeriformes .............................................
9, 30
Subclass Elasmobranchii ..........................................................
9
Order Heterodontiformes ........................................
9, 30
Order Orectolobiformes ..........................................
9
Order Lamniformes .................................................
9, 30
Order Carcharhiniformes ........................................
9, 31
Order Hexanchiformes ............................................
9, 32
Order Echinorhiniformes ........................................
9
Order Squaliformes .................................................. 10, 32
Order Squatiniformes .............................................. 10, 32
Order Pristiophoriformes ........................................ 10
Order Torpediniformes ............................................ 10, 33
Order Pristiformes ................................................... 10
Order Rajiformes ...................................................... 10, 33
Order Myliobatiformes ............................................ 10, 34
Class Actinopterygii ...................................................................... 11, 36
Subclass Cladistia ...................................................................... 11
Order Polypteriformes ............................................. 11, 36
Subclass Chondrostei ................................................................ 11
Order Acipenseriformes .......................................... 11, 37
Subclass Neopterygii ................................................................. 11
Division Holostei ..................................................................... 11
Order Lepisosteiformes ............................................ 11, 38
Order Amiiformes .................................................... 11, 38
Division Teleostei .................................................................... 11
Subdivision Osteoglossomorpha ......................................... 11
Order Hiodontiformes ............................................. 11, 38
Order Osteoglossiformes ......................................... 11, 39
Subdivision Elopomorpha ................................................... 11
Order Elopiformes .................................................... 11, 40
Order Albuliformes .................................................. 11
Order Anguilliformes ............................................... 11, 40
Order Saccopharyngiformes ................................... 12
Subdivision Otocephala (= Ostarioclupeomorpha) .......... 12
Superorder Clupeomorpha
Order Clupeiformes ................................................. 12, 43
Superorder Ostariophysi
Order Gonorynchiformes ........................................ 12, 44