List of species
Artemia franciscana Kellogg, 1906
TYPES: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: salt works at Redwood City,
San Francisco Bay, California, USA.
DISTRIBUTION: Canada, western USA, Mexico, West Indies; introduced in many parts of the world
as reported for example in Clark and Bowen (1976).
COMMENTS: synonymy complex see Belk &
Bowen (1990); on Official List with endorsement it be
given precedence over gracilis Verrill, 1869 (Opinion
1704).
Artemia gracilis Verrill, 1869
TYPES: syntypes (396, 397) Peabody Museum
of Natural History, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
TYPE LOCALITY: wooden tubs on railroad
bridge near New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
DISTRIBUTION: known only from type locality; may be extinct see Belk & Bowen (1990).
COMMENTS: On Official List with endorsement that it not be given priority over franciscana Kellogg, 1906 (Opinion 1704).
Artemia monica Verrill, 1869.
TYPE: syntypes (395) Peabody Museum of Natural History, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
TYPE LOCALITY: Mono Lake, Mono County,
California, USA.
DISTRIBUTION: endemic to Mono Lake, Cal- .
ifornia, USA.
COMMENTS: was listed by Daday (1910) as a
synonym of A. salina causing misidentification in some
publications; being considered for threatened species
listing under U.S.A. Endangered Species Act.
Artemia parthenogenetica Bowen & Sterling,
1978
TYPE: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: none designated.
DISTRIBUTION: southern Africa, throughout
southern Europe, and across the midlatitudes of Asia to
Japan (Browne, 1992); Australia, probably introduced
by Europeans (Geddes, 1983).
COMMENTS: the name parthenogenetica was
first suggested by Barigozzi (1974) as a nomen nudum
and thus not made available by his publication.
Artemia persimilis Piccinelli & Prosdocimi,
1968
317
TYPE: Civil Museum of Natural History of
Verona, Italy.
TYPE LOCALITY: Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo,
Argentina.
DISTRIBUTION: Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo, Argentina and San Bartolomeo, Sardinia, Italy.
Barigozzi (1989) suggested the population in San Bartolomeo may have died out. Thiery & Robert (1992)
think the populations in Sardinia, Italy may belong
to this species. The identity of the Sardinian Artemia
popUlations needs careful study.
COMMENTS: Is this an Old World species or a
New World species? How did it end up in both regions?
These are questions worthy of investigation.
Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758)
TYPE: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: salt works at Lymington,
England.
DISTRIBUTION: currently confused; natural
range probably Africa, Europe, Middle East; study
needed.
COMMENTS: on Official List (Opinion 1301);
synonymy currently unsettled, binominaA. salina and
A. tunisiana are being used for the same populations by
different authors. Bowen & Sterling (1978) suggested the binomen A. salina be restricted to the extinct
population at Lymington, England. This suggestion is
not an option under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. If tunisiana and salina prove to
be names for the same taxon, salina has priority and
tunisiana becomes a synonym.
Artemia sinica Cai, 1989
TYPE: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: Yun Cheng salt lake, Shangxi Province, China.
DISTRIBUTION: known only from type locality.
COMMENTS: surname for authorship taken
from redescription (Cai, 1989); species status questioned by Sorgeloos (1991) who presents information
that it may prove to be a synonym of Artemia urmiana.
Artemia tunisiana Bowen & Sterling, 1978
TYPE: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: Tunis, Tunisia.
DISTRIBUTION: currently unsettled, binomina
A. salina and A. tunisiana are being used for the same
populations by different authors.
Artemia franciscana Kellogg, 1906
TYPES: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: salt works at Redwood City,
San Francisco Bay, California, USA.
DISTRIBUTION: Canada, western USA, Mexico, West Indies; introduced in many parts of the world
as reported for example in Clark and Bowen (1976).
COMMENTS: synonymy complex see Belk &
Bowen (1990); on Official List with endorsement it be
given precedence over gracilis Verrill, 1869 (Opinion
1704).
Artemia gracilis Verrill, 1869
TYPES: syntypes (396, 397) Peabody Museum
of Natural History, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
TYPE LOCALITY: wooden tubs on railroad
bridge near New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
DISTRIBUTION: known only from type locality; may be extinct see Belk & Bowen (1990).
COMMENTS: On Official List with endorsement that it not be given priority over franciscana Kellogg, 1906 (Opinion 1704).
Artemia monica Verrill, 1869.
TYPE: syntypes (395) Peabody Museum of Natural History, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
TYPE LOCALITY: Mono Lake, Mono County,
California, USA.
DISTRIBUTION: endemic to Mono Lake, Cal- .
ifornia, USA.
COMMENTS: was listed by Daday (1910) as a
synonym of A. salina causing misidentification in some
publications; being considered for threatened species
listing under U.S.A. Endangered Species Act.
Artemia parthenogenetica Bowen & Sterling,
1978
TYPE: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: none designated.
DISTRIBUTION: southern Africa, throughout
southern Europe, and across the midlatitudes of Asia to
Japan (Browne, 1992); Australia, probably introduced
by Europeans (Geddes, 1983).
COMMENTS: the name parthenogenetica was
first suggested by Barigozzi (1974) as a nomen nudum
and thus not made available by his publication.
Artemia persimilis Piccinelli & Prosdocimi,
1968
317
TYPE: Civil Museum of Natural History of
Verona, Italy.
TYPE LOCALITY: Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo,
Argentina.
DISTRIBUTION: Salinas Grandes de Hidalgo, Argentina and San Bartolomeo, Sardinia, Italy.
Barigozzi (1989) suggested the population in San Bartolomeo may have died out. Thiery & Robert (1992)
think the populations in Sardinia, Italy may belong
to this species. The identity of the Sardinian Artemia
popUlations needs careful study.
COMMENTS: Is this an Old World species or a
New World species? How did it end up in both regions?
These are questions worthy of investigation.
Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758)
TYPE: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: salt works at Lymington,
England.
DISTRIBUTION: currently confused; natural
range probably Africa, Europe, Middle East; study
needed.
COMMENTS: on Official List (Opinion 1301);
synonymy currently unsettled, binominaA. salina and
A. tunisiana are being used for the same populations by
different authors. Bowen & Sterling (1978) suggested the binomen A. salina be restricted to the extinct
population at Lymington, England. This suggestion is
not an option under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. If tunisiana and salina prove to
be names for the same taxon, salina has priority and
tunisiana becomes a synonym.
Artemia sinica Cai, 1989
TYPE: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: Yun Cheng salt lake, Shangxi Province, China.
DISTRIBUTION: known only from type locality.
COMMENTS: surname for authorship taken
from redescription (Cai, 1989); species status questioned by Sorgeloos (1991) who presents information
that it may prove to be a synonym of Artemia urmiana.
Artemia tunisiana Bowen & Sterling, 1978
TYPE: none designated.
TYPE LOCALITY: Tunis, Tunisia.
DISTRIBUTION: currently unsettled, binomina
A. salina and A. tunisiana are being used for the same
populations by different authors.