Irving AD, Witman JD (2009) Positive effects of damselfish override negative effects of urchins
to prevent a habitat switch. J Ecol 97:337–347
Jackson JBC, Kirby MX, Berger WH, Bjorndal KA, Botsford LW, Bourque BJ, Bradbury RH,
Cooke R, Earlandson J, Estes JA, Hughes TP, Kidwell S, Lange CB, Lenihan HS, Pandolfi
JM, Peterson CH, Steneck TS, Tegner MJ, Warner RR (2001) Historical overfishing and the
recent collapse of coastal ecosystems. Science 293:629–638
James MJ (ed) (1991) Galápagos marine invertebrates–taxonomy, biogeography and evolution in
Darwin’s Islands. Plenum Press, New York
Jangoux M (1990) Diseases of echinodermata. In: Kinne O (ed) Disease of marine animals 3.
Biologische Anstal Helgoland, Hamburg, pp 439–567
Jiménez R (1987) Antecedentes históricos del fenómeno El Niño. Boletín de la OMM 36:192–194
Kier PM, Grant RE (1965) Echinoid distribution and habitats. Key Largo Coral Reef Preserve,
Florida. Smithson Misc Collect 6:149
Kitching JA, Ebling FJ (1961) The ecology of Lough Ine. XI The control of algae by
Paracentrotus lividus (Echinoidea). J Anim Ecol 383:373–383
Kohtsuka H, Arai S, Uchimura M (2005) Observation of asexual reproduction by natural fission
of Stichopus horrens Selenka in Okinawa Island, Japan. SPC Beche-De-Mer Bull 22:23
Lafferty KD, Dobson AP, Kuris AM (2006) Parasites dominate food web links. Proc Nat Acad
Sci U S A 103:11211–11216
Lawrence JM (1975) On the relationship between marine plants and sea urchins. Oceanogr Mar
Biol An Rev 13:213–286
Lawrence JM (1987) Functional biology of Echinoderm. Croom Helm, London and Sidney
Lawrence JM, Sonnenholzner J (2004) Distribution and abundance of asteroids, echinoids, and
holothuroids in Galápagos. In: Heinzeiller T, Nebelsick JH (eds) Echinoderms, München.
Proc 11
th Int Echinoderm Conf. Taylor and Francis Group, London, pp 239–244
Lawrence JM, Pomory CM, Sonnenholzner J, Chao CM (1998) Bilateral symmetry of the petals
in Mellita tenuis, Encope micropora, and Arachnoides placenta (Echinodermata: Clypeasteroidea). Invert Biol 117:94–100
Lawrence JM, Pomory CM, Sonnenholzner J, Hiratsuka Y, Molina L (2010) Scaling of
Aristotle’s lantern in sea urchins Lytechinus and Tripneustes. In: Harris LG, Böttger SA,
Walker CW, Lesser MP (eds) Echinoderms: Durham. Proceedings of the 12th international
echinoderm conference. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis group, Balkema, Leiden, pp 219–224
Lessios HA, Kessing BD, Robertson DR, Paulay G (1999) Phylogeography of the pantropical sea
urchin Eucidaris in relation to land barriers and ocean currents. Evolution 53:806–817
Lougheed LW, Edgar GJ, Snell HL (eds) (2002) Biological impacts of the Jessica oil spill on the
Galápagos environment: Final Report v.1.10. Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora,
Galápagos, Ecuador
Ludwig H (1894) Reports on an exploration off the west coast of México, Central America and
South America, and off the Galápagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U.S.
Fish Commission steamer ‘‘Albatross’’, during 1891. XII. The Holothurioidea. Mem Mus
Comp Zool XVII:1–183
Ludwig H (1905) Asteroidea in: explorations of ‘‘Albatross’’ in Tropical Pacific, 1891 and 1899–
1900. Mem Mus Comp Zool XXII:1–290
Luna S (2000) Distribución poblacional y ciclo reproductivo del erizo de mar blanco Tripneustes
depressus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) en las Islas Galápagos. Licenciatura Thesis, Univ San
Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
Lütken CF, Mortensen T (1899) Reports on an exploration off the west coast of Mexico, Central
America and South America, and off the Galápagos Islands, in charge of A. Agassiz, during
1891 on the ‘‘Albatross’’. XXV. The Ophiuridae. Mem Mus Comp Zool XXIII:93–208
Luzuriaga M (1993) Distribución del zooplancton en los manglares de la región norte de la
provincia de Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Rev Cien Mar Limnol 3:59–87
Luzuriaga M (2011) Distribución y abundancia de larvas Ophiopluteus en el mar ecuatoriano.
Informe interno, Instituto Nacional de Pesca, Guayaquil, Ecuador
228
J. Sonnenholzner et al.
to prevent a habitat switch. J Ecol 97:337–347
Jackson JBC, Kirby MX, Berger WH, Bjorndal KA, Botsford LW, Bourque BJ, Bradbury RH,
Cooke R, Earlandson J, Estes JA, Hughes TP, Kidwell S, Lange CB, Lenihan HS, Pandolfi
JM, Peterson CH, Steneck TS, Tegner MJ, Warner RR (2001) Historical overfishing and the
recent collapse of coastal ecosystems. Science 293:629–638
James MJ (ed) (1991) Galápagos marine invertebrates–taxonomy, biogeography and evolution in
Darwin’s Islands. Plenum Press, New York
Jangoux M (1990) Diseases of echinodermata. In: Kinne O (ed) Disease of marine animals 3.
Biologische Anstal Helgoland, Hamburg, pp 439–567
Jiménez R (1987) Antecedentes históricos del fenómeno El Niño. Boletín de la OMM 36:192–194
Kier PM, Grant RE (1965) Echinoid distribution and habitats. Key Largo Coral Reef Preserve,
Florida. Smithson Misc Collect 6:149
Kitching JA, Ebling FJ (1961) The ecology of Lough Ine. XI The control of algae by
Paracentrotus lividus (Echinoidea). J Anim Ecol 383:373–383
Kohtsuka H, Arai S, Uchimura M (2005) Observation of asexual reproduction by natural fission
of Stichopus horrens Selenka in Okinawa Island, Japan. SPC Beche-De-Mer Bull 22:23
Lafferty KD, Dobson AP, Kuris AM (2006) Parasites dominate food web links. Proc Nat Acad
Sci U S A 103:11211–11216
Lawrence JM (1975) On the relationship between marine plants and sea urchins. Oceanogr Mar
Biol An Rev 13:213–286
Lawrence JM (1987) Functional biology of Echinoderm. Croom Helm, London and Sidney
Lawrence JM, Sonnenholzner J (2004) Distribution and abundance of asteroids, echinoids, and
holothuroids in Galápagos. In: Heinzeiller T, Nebelsick JH (eds) Echinoderms, München.
Proc 11
th Int Echinoderm Conf. Taylor and Francis Group, London, pp 239–244
Lawrence JM, Pomory CM, Sonnenholzner J, Chao CM (1998) Bilateral symmetry of the petals
in Mellita tenuis, Encope micropora, and Arachnoides placenta (Echinodermata: Clypeasteroidea). Invert Biol 117:94–100
Lawrence JM, Pomory CM, Sonnenholzner J, Hiratsuka Y, Molina L (2010) Scaling of
Aristotle’s lantern in sea urchins Lytechinus and Tripneustes. In: Harris LG, Böttger SA,
Walker CW, Lesser MP (eds) Echinoderms: Durham. Proceedings of the 12th international
echinoderm conference. CRC Press, Taylor and Francis group, Balkema, Leiden, pp 219–224
Lessios HA, Kessing BD, Robertson DR, Paulay G (1999) Phylogeography of the pantropical sea
urchin Eucidaris in relation to land barriers and ocean currents. Evolution 53:806–817
Lougheed LW, Edgar GJ, Snell HL (eds) (2002) Biological impacts of the Jessica oil spill on the
Galápagos environment: Final Report v.1.10. Charles Darwin Foundation, Puerto Ayora,
Galápagos, Ecuador
Ludwig H (1894) Reports on an exploration off the west coast of México, Central America and
South America, and off the Galápagos Islands, in charge of Alexander Agassiz, by the U.S.
Fish Commission steamer ‘‘Albatross’’, during 1891. XII. The Holothurioidea. Mem Mus
Comp Zool XVII:1–183
Ludwig H (1905) Asteroidea in: explorations of ‘‘Albatross’’ in Tropical Pacific, 1891 and 1899–
1900. Mem Mus Comp Zool XXII:1–290
Luna S (2000) Distribución poblacional y ciclo reproductivo del erizo de mar blanco Tripneustes
depressus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) en las Islas Galápagos. Licenciatura Thesis, Univ San
Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
Lütken CF, Mortensen T (1899) Reports on an exploration off the west coast of Mexico, Central
America and South America, and off the Galápagos Islands, in charge of A. Agassiz, during
1891 on the ‘‘Albatross’’. XXV. The Ophiuridae. Mem Mus Comp Zool XXIII:93–208
Luzuriaga M (1993) Distribución del zooplancton en los manglares de la región norte de la
provincia de Esmeraldas, Ecuador. Rev Cien Mar Limnol 3:59–87
Luzuriaga M (2011) Distribución y abundancia de larvas Ophiopluteus en el mar ecuatoriano.
Informe interno, Instituto Nacional de Pesca, Guayaquil, Ecuador
228
J. Sonnenholzner et al.