300
Organ Culture
Results
According to Steinberg (1963), isolated ectodermal fragments of A. aurita
scyphistomae regenerated into complete hydranths. By 36 h after the culture had been set up, some typical endoderm cells appeared. Mitosis was
frequently observed in the endoderm, as well as in the ectoderm. The
regenerants began to feed 7-10 days after culture set up. Lowell and
Burnett (1969) also cultured the epidermis of several species of Hydra in
the medium developed by Loomis and Lenhoff (1956), containing 2.5%3% Haynes' solution (NaCl 0.2%, CaCl 2 0.2%, MgS04 0.03%, and KH 2 P0 4
0.01 % made up in glass-distilled water). Lowell and Burnett (1969) obtained complete miniature hydras of Hydra oligactis and Hydra
pseudoligactis.
Lowell and Burnett (1969) also devised a perfusion apparatus for the
separation of the epidermis and gastrodermis. Cultivating isolated
gastrodermis in the same manner as Loomis and Lenhoff (1956), Davis
(1970) observed interstitial cells, epithelio-muscular cells, and cnidoblasts undergoing mitosis. Haynes and Burnett (1963) cultured the
gastrodermis of the green hydra Hydra viridis in a salt solution (NaCl
0.1 %, CaCl 2 0.2%, KHC03 0.01 %, and MgS04 0.03%). Interstitial cells of
the hydra were formed by dedifferentiation of specialized gastrodermal
cells. Similarly, epidermal epithelio-muscular cells were formed by direct differentiation of algae-laden digestive cells that lost their algae and
enclosed food droplets, migrated to the periphery of the animal, and
started to exhibit mucus secretion characteristics of epidermal cells.
Subprotocol 2
Stalks of Hydra (Hydrozoa)
Materials
Equipment - Small petri dishes
- Surgical knives
- Scissors
- Depression slide glass
- Cover glasses
Solutions - Autoclaved seawater
Animals - Marine hydroid Clava leptostyla
Procedure
Cleaning 1. Wash the animals by repeated transfer (at least 10 times) to small petri
dishes filled with autoclaved seawater.
Organ Culture
Results
According to Steinberg (1963), isolated ectodermal fragments of A. aurita
scyphistomae regenerated into complete hydranths. By 36 h after the culture had been set up, some typical endoderm cells appeared. Mitosis was
frequently observed in the endoderm, as well as in the ectoderm. The
regenerants began to feed 7-10 days after culture set up. Lowell and
Burnett (1969) also cultured the epidermis of several species of Hydra in
the medium developed by Loomis and Lenhoff (1956), containing 2.5%3% Haynes' solution (NaCl 0.2%, CaCl 2 0.2%, MgS04 0.03%, and KH 2 P0 4
0.01 % made up in glass-distilled water). Lowell and Burnett (1969) obtained complete miniature hydras of Hydra oligactis and Hydra
pseudoligactis.
Lowell and Burnett (1969) also devised a perfusion apparatus for the
separation of the epidermis and gastrodermis. Cultivating isolated
gastrodermis in the same manner as Loomis and Lenhoff (1956), Davis
(1970) observed interstitial cells, epithelio-muscular cells, and cnidoblasts undergoing mitosis. Haynes and Burnett (1963) cultured the
gastrodermis of the green hydra Hydra viridis in a salt solution (NaCl
0.1 %, CaCl 2 0.2%, KHC03 0.01 %, and MgS04 0.03%). Interstitial cells of
the hydra were formed by dedifferentiation of specialized gastrodermal
cells. Similarly, epidermal epithelio-muscular cells were formed by direct differentiation of algae-laden digestive cells that lost their algae and
enclosed food droplets, migrated to the periphery of the animal, and
started to exhibit mucus secretion characteristics of epidermal cells.
Subprotocol 2
Stalks of Hydra (Hydrozoa)
Materials
Equipment - Small petri dishes
- Surgical knives
- Scissors
- Depression slide glass
- Cover glasses
Solutions - Autoclaved seawater
Animals - Marine hydroid Clava leptostyla
Procedure
Cleaning 1. Wash the animals by repeated transfer (at least 10 times) to small petri
dishes filled with autoclaved seawater.