Table 1.3 water exchange across the skin of various vertebrates
Agnatha
Lampetra fluviatilis l
(River lamprey)
Fresh water
2.5
flllcm 2 h
Sea-water
Evaporation
8
3
13
28
Amphibia!
Anura
Xenopus laeuis
(Clawed toad)
Rana catesbeiana
(Bullfrog)
Bujo marinus
(Toad)
Urodela
Necturus maculosus
(Mudpuppy)
Amphiuma means
4
(Congo eel)
Ambystoma tigrlnum
12
(Tiger salam ander)
Reptilia
Crocodilia
Caiman sclerops"
Chelonia
Pseudemys scripta'
(Slider turtle)
Trionyx spinijer -
(Softshell turtle)
Gopherus agassizii':
(Desert tortoise)
Lacertilia"
Iguana iguana
Sauromalus obesus
(Chuckawalla)
57':'
References : IBENTLEY (1962 a); 2BENTLEY (1969 b); 3BENTLEY and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN (1965;
4BENTLEY and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN (1970). "SCHMIDT-N IELSEN and BENTLEY (1966); 6BENTLEY
and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN (1966).
*R. pipiens; BENTLEY and SCHMIDT-NIELSEN unpublished observations.
of various species also differs (Table 1.3), being less in aquatic Amphibia, such as
the South African clawed toad, Xenopus laevis, and the mudpuppy, Necturus
maculosus, than in more terrestrial species like the toad, Bufo marinus, or the tiger
salamander, Ambystoma tigrinum.
20