228
Subjeet and Geographieal Index
Suez Canal, sueeessful migration into 83
- -, sueeessional history 76
- - system 44,51, 56, 59, 62, 74, 77
- -, temperatures 50, 51, 54, 56-59, 77
- -, temperature/salinity relation (T /S)
51
- -, tidal eurrents 39,47, 51, 53
- -, topographieal features 46
- -, vegetal populations 71
- -, water plant population 74
- -, widening projeet 63, 74
- -, width 46
- -, winds 51,52
- -, works 42,46
Suez, Gulf of(see also Bay ofSuez) 4,14,15,
23,24,27,33,39,41,44,46,47,51,53,55,
57-59, 76, 83, 84, 86, 91-115, 141, 157,
158, 160--164
- -, environments 83
- -,lagoons 45,164
- -, northem end 83, 86
- -, saline basins 23
- -, salinity(ies) 23,51, 58, 59, 83
- -, Sinai eoasts 84
- -, speeies diversity 83
- -, temperatures 51,57, 83
Suez Isthmus, see Isthmus of Suez
Suez-Mediterranean (SUMED) pipeline
157
supralittoral 147
symbiotrophie speeies 157
"swimming erawling" stage 78
Syria (eoast) 10, 97, 98, 101, 105, 106, 108,
113, 123-125, 129, 131
Syro-Afriean rift movement 14
Tadjourah Bay 164
"take off' areas 90, 131
Tanitie braneh 24,25 (see also Nile
branehes)
Taranto, Gulf of 107, 136
Teetonie 10, 15--20, 22, 24, 30
Tel Aviv 102,124,126
Tel Farama, see Pelusium
Tertiary 14,96
Tethyan region 10, 14
Tethys Sea 9-15, 32, 92
- fauna 11, 12
- reliet 9, 32, 92
Thol" (ship, Danish) 116
Tileman Stella, map of(16th Century) 35
time-distance analysis 128-134, 154 (see
also Lessepsian migrants)
time-stability 155
Timsah, see Lake Timsah
Tiran Island 14
Tirion and Loveringh, map of(18 th Century,
Amsterdam) 35
Tobruk 105-107
Trajan 30
transport, see passive transport
trawl eatehes 142-144 (see also Israel
fisheries)
Tripoli 157
trophie niehe 156
tropical 7,9, 11-13, 19,20,31,83,87, 163
- fauna 11, 83
- reef fauna 11
tropieopolitan speeies 87, 164
Trueial Coast (southem Persian Gulf) 83
- - lagoons 83
Tumilat, see Wadi Tumilat, Nile branehes
Tunisia (Tunis) 31,95, 106, 108, 113, 115,
116,121,136,137,154
turbidity 46, 77, 78, 83
Turkey 100 (see also Mersin Bay)
Tyre 100
Tyrrhenian Sea 17-19,24
- fauna 17,18
unidireetional migration (through the Suez
Canal) 1,90, 158 (see also Lessepsian
migration)
vegetal 69,71
vegetation 44, 66, 72
vertieal migration 78
- stratifieation (of Levantine water masses)
119
viearianee, vieariant 8,9, 154
Volga-Don Canal 165,168
Wadi Tumilat 24,25,27,28, 30, 32,42 (see
also Nile branehes)
warm-water fauna 17, 18, 132, 168
Weimar map (15th Century) 28, 35
Weiland Canal 165, 166
Western Mediterranean, see Mediterranean
westward migration, along Afriean shore
127
wind(s) 51-53,55,57,69, 124
wind direetions 52
Würm glaeial 17, 19-22,24,83
Yavne, see Palmahim
Yemen 92
zoobenthos 38
zoogeographieal, zoogeography 3--8, 915,24,56,57,59,71,82,120,122,128,132,
140, 153--157, 163--167
- analysis 71, 128
- barrier 6,7,9-15,24,56,57,59
- provinees 6-8, 153, 164
zooplankton 156
Subjeet and Geographieal Index
Suez Canal, sueeessful migration into 83
- -, sueeessional history 76
- - system 44,51, 56, 59, 62, 74, 77
- -, temperatures 50, 51, 54, 56-59, 77
- -, temperature/salinity relation (T /S)
51
- -, tidal eurrents 39,47, 51, 53
- -, topographieal features 46
- -, vegetal populations 71
- -, water plant population 74
- -, widening projeet 63, 74
- -, width 46
- -, winds 51,52
- -, works 42,46
Suez, Gulf of(see also Bay ofSuez) 4,14,15,
23,24,27,33,39,41,44,46,47,51,53,55,
57-59, 76, 83, 84, 86, 91-115, 141, 157,
158, 160--164
- -, environments 83
- -,lagoons 45,164
- -, northem end 83, 86
- -, saline basins 23
- -, salinity(ies) 23,51, 58, 59, 83
- -, Sinai eoasts 84
- -, speeies diversity 83
- -, temperatures 51,57, 83
Suez Isthmus, see Isthmus of Suez
Suez-Mediterranean (SUMED) pipeline
157
supralittoral 147
symbiotrophie speeies 157
"swimming erawling" stage 78
Syria (eoast) 10, 97, 98, 101, 105, 106, 108,
113, 123-125, 129, 131
Syro-Afriean rift movement 14
Tadjourah Bay 164
"take off' areas 90, 131
Tanitie braneh 24,25 (see also Nile
branehes)
Taranto, Gulf of 107, 136
Teetonie 10, 15--20, 22, 24, 30
Tel Aviv 102,124,126
Tel Farama, see Pelusium
Tertiary 14,96
Tethyan region 10, 14
Tethys Sea 9-15, 32, 92
- fauna 11, 12
- reliet 9, 32, 92
Thol" (ship, Danish) 116
Tileman Stella, map of(16th Century) 35
time-distance analysis 128-134, 154 (see
also Lessepsian migrants)
time-stability 155
Timsah, see Lake Timsah
Tiran Island 14
Tirion and Loveringh, map of(18 th Century,
Amsterdam) 35
Tobruk 105-107
Trajan 30
transport, see passive transport
trawl eatehes 142-144 (see also Israel
fisheries)
Tripoli 157
trophie niehe 156
tropical 7,9, 11-13, 19,20,31,83,87, 163
- fauna 11, 83
- reef fauna 11
tropieopolitan speeies 87, 164
Trueial Coast (southem Persian Gulf) 83
- - lagoons 83
Tumilat, see Wadi Tumilat, Nile branehes
Tunisia (Tunis) 31,95, 106, 108, 113, 115,
116,121,136,137,154
turbidity 46, 77, 78, 83
Turkey 100 (see also Mersin Bay)
Tyre 100
Tyrrhenian Sea 17-19,24
- fauna 17,18
unidireetional migration (through the Suez
Canal) 1,90, 158 (see also Lessepsian
migration)
vegetal 69,71
vegetation 44, 66, 72
vertieal migration 78
- stratifieation (of Levantine water masses)
119
viearianee, vieariant 8,9, 154
Volga-Don Canal 165,168
Wadi Tumilat 24,25,27,28, 30, 32,42 (see
also Nile branehes)
warm-water fauna 17, 18, 132, 168
Weimar map (15th Century) 28, 35
Weiland Canal 165, 166
Western Mediterranean, see Mediterranean
westward migration, along Afriean shore
127
wind(s) 51-53,55,57,69, 124
wind direetions 52
Würm glaeial 17, 19-22,24,83
Yavne, see Palmahim
Yemen 92
zoobenthos 38
zoogeographieal, zoogeography 3--8, 915,24,56,57,59,71,82,120,122,128,132,
140, 153--157, 163--167
- analysis 71, 128
- barrier 6,7,9-15,24,56,57,59
- provinees 6-8, 153, 164
zooplankton 156