510
13 The Structure and Metabolism of Carbohydrates
161. Krishnamoorthy R. V. and Begum B. J.: Muscle specific structural differences in piscine muscle glycogens. Experientia 34: 832-833 (1978)
162. Krishnan G. and Ramamurthi R.: On the
polysaccharide-protein complexes of the tunic of
Polyclinum madrasensis Sebastian. Indian J. expo
BioI. 14: 113-116 (1976)
163. Kristensen J. G.: Carbohydrases of some marine
invertebrates with notes on their food and on the
natural occurrence of the carbohydrates studied. Mar.
BioI. 14: 130-142 (1972)
164. Kukal 0., Serianni A. S. and Duman J. G.: Glycerol
metabolism in a freeze-tolerant arctic insect: an in
vivo 13C-NMR study. J. compo Physioi. B 158:
175-183 (1988)
165. Laird J. E. et aI.: Structure and expression of the
guinea-pig a-lactalbumin gene. Biochem. J. 254:
85-94 (1988)
166. Landau B. R. and Wood H. G.: The pentose cycle in
animal tissues: evidence for the classical and against
the "L-type" pathway. Trends biochem. Sci. 8:
292-296 (1983)
167. Langley S. D. et aI.: A genetic variant of ~glucuronidase in Drosophila melanogaster. J. bioI.
Chern. 258: 7416-24 (1983)
168. Laurie C. C. et aI.: Genetic basis of the difference in
alcohol dehydrogenase expression between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans. Proc.
Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 9674-78 (1990)
169. Lennarz W. J. (ed.): Biochemistry of glycoproteins
and proteoglycans. Plenum, New York 1980
170. Livingstone D. R. and de Zwaan A.: Carbohydrate
metabolism of gastropods. In: Wilbur K. M. (ed.): The
Mollusca, Vol. 1, pp. 177-272. Acad. Press, New York
1983
171. Lo H. S. and Chang C. J.: Purification and properties
of NADP-linked alcohol dehydrogenase from Entamoeba histolytica. J. Parasitoi. 68: 372-377 (1982)
172. Lynn K. R.: Chitinases and chitobiases from the
American lobster (Homarus americanus). Compo
Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 96: 761-766 (1990)
173. Malik Z., Jones C. J. P. and Connock M. J.: Assay
and subcellular localization of hydrogen peroxidegenerating mannitol oxidase in the terrestrial slug
Arion ater. J. expo Zooi. 242: 9-15 (1987)
174. Mantei N. et aI.: Complete primary structure of
human and rabbit lactase-phlorizin hydrolase:
implications for biosynthesis, membrane anchoring
and evolution of the enzyme. Embo J. 7: 2701-13
(1988)
175. Martin L. O. G. et al.: Purification and properties of
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from Mytilus galloprovincialis digestive gland. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 79: 599-606 (1984)
176. Martin M. M.: Cellulose digestion in insects. Compo
Biochem. Physioi. Pt. A 75: 313-324 (1983)
177. Matsuo Y., Yokoyama R. and Yokoyama S.: The
genes for human alcohol dehydrogenase ~1 and ~2
differ by only one nucleotide. Eur. J. Biochem. 183:
317-320 (1989)
178. Matsuoka N. et al.: Evidence for the homology of
hexose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucose 6phosphate dehydrogenase: Comparison of the amino
acid compositions. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B
76: 811-816 (1983)
179. McHenery J. G., Allen J. A. and BirkbeckT. H.: Distribution of lysozyme-like activity in 30 bivalve species. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 85: 581-584
(1986)
180. Medina-Puerta M. and Garrido-Perriera A.: Purification and properties of the enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from Dicentrarchus labrax
L. liver. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 83: 215-220
(1986)
181. Meikle P., Richards G. N. and Yellowlees D.: Structural determination of the oligosaccharide side chains
from a glycoprotein isolated from the mucus of the
coral Acropora formosa. J. bioI. Chern. 262:
16941-47 (1987)
182. Mendelzon D. H. and Parodi A. J.: N-linked high
mannose-type oligosaccharides in the Protozoa Crithidia fasciculata and Crithidia harmosa contain
galactofuranose residues. J. bioI. Chern. 261: 2129-33
(1986)
183. Merchant J. C. and Libke J. A.: Milk composition in
the northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus
(Peramelidae, Marsupialia). Aust. J. bioI. Sci. 41:
495-505 (1988)
184. Messer M. et aI.: Carbohydrates in the milk of the
platypus. Aust. J. bioI. Sci. 36: 129-137 (1983)
185. Messer M., Crisp E. A. and Newgrain K.: Studies on
the carbohydrate content of milk of the crabeater seal
(Lobodon carcinophagus). Compo Biochem. Physioi.
Pt. B 90: 367-370 (1988)
186. Messer M. and Nicholas K. R.: Biosynthesis of marsupial milk oligosaccharides: Characterization and
developmental changes of two galactosyltransferases
in lactating mammary glands of the tammar wallaby,
Macropus eugenii. Biochim. biophys. Acta 1077:
79-85 (1991)
187. Michelacci Y. M. and Horton D. S. P. Q.: Proteoglycans from the cartilage of young hammerhead shark,
Sphyrna lewini. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 92:
651-658 (1989)
188. Milanovic M., Andjelkovic M. and StamenkovicBojic G.: Adaptive significance of amylase polymorphism in Drosophila. IV. A comparative study of
biochemical properties of the alpha-amylase in Drosophila melanogaster, D. hydei, D. subobscura and
D. busckii. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 93:
629-634 (1989)
189. Miller R. et aI.: Nucleoside hydrolases from Trypanosoma cruzi. J. bioI. Chern. 259: 5073-77 (1984)
190. Mourao P. A. S.: Epimerization of D-glucose to Lgalactose during the biosynthesis of a sulfated Lgalactan in the ascidian tunic. Biochemistry 30:
3458-64 (1991)
191. Moxon L. N. et al.: Purification and molecular properties of alcohol dehydrogenase from Drosophila
melanogaster: Evidence from NMR and kinetic studies for function as an aldehyde dehydrogenase.
Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 80: 525-535 (1985)
192. Muzzarelli R. A. A.: Chitin. Pergamon Press, Oxford
1977
193. Myers F. L. and Northcote D. H.: A survey of enzymes from the gastrointestinal tract of Helix pomatia.
J. expo BioI. 35: 639-648 (1958)
194. Neame P. J., Choi H. U. and Rosenberg L. C.: The
primary structure of the core protein of the small,
leucine-rich proteoglycan (PG I) from bovine articular cartilage. J. BioI. Chern. 264: 8653-61 (1989)
195. Nicholas K. et al.: Isolation, partial sequence and
asynchronous appearance during lactation of lysozyme and a-lactalbumin in the milk of a marsupial, the
13 The Structure and Metabolism of Carbohydrates
161. Krishnamoorthy R. V. and Begum B. J.: Muscle specific structural differences in piscine muscle glycogens. Experientia 34: 832-833 (1978)
162. Krishnan G. and Ramamurthi R.: On the
polysaccharide-protein complexes of the tunic of
Polyclinum madrasensis Sebastian. Indian J. expo
BioI. 14: 113-116 (1976)
163. Kristensen J. G.: Carbohydrases of some marine
invertebrates with notes on their food and on the
natural occurrence of the carbohydrates studied. Mar.
BioI. 14: 130-142 (1972)
164. Kukal 0., Serianni A. S. and Duman J. G.: Glycerol
metabolism in a freeze-tolerant arctic insect: an in
vivo 13C-NMR study. J. compo Physioi. B 158:
175-183 (1988)
165. Laird J. E. et aI.: Structure and expression of the
guinea-pig a-lactalbumin gene. Biochem. J. 254:
85-94 (1988)
166. Landau B. R. and Wood H. G.: The pentose cycle in
animal tissues: evidence for the classical and against
the "L-type" pathway. Trends biochem. Sci. 8:
292-296 (1983)
167. Langley S. D. et aI.: A genetic variant of ~glucuronidase in Drosophila melanogaster. J. bioI.
Chern. 258: 7416-24 (1983)
168. Laurie C. C. et aI.: Genetic basis of the difference in
alcohol dehydrogenase expression between Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans. Proc.
Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 9674-78 (1990)
169. Lennarz W. J. (ed.): Biochemistry of glycoproteins
and proteoglycans. Plenum, New York 1980
170. Livingstone D. R. and de Zwaan A.: Carbohydrate
metabolism of gastropods. In: Wilbur K. M. (ed.): The
Mollusca, Vol. 1, pp. 177-272. Acad. Press, New York
1983
171. Lo H. S. and Chang C. J.: Purification and properties
of NADP-linked alcohol dehydrogenase from Entamoeba histolytica. J. Parasitoi. 68: 372-377 (1982)
172. Lynn K. R.: Chitinases and chitobiases from the
American lobster (Homarus americanus). Compo
Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 96: 761-766 (1990)
173. Malik Z., Jones C. J. P. and Connock M. J.: Assay
and subcellular localization of hydrogen peroxidegenerating mannitol oxidase in the terrestrial slug
Arion ater. J. expo Zooi. 242: 9-15 (1987)
174. Mantei N. et aI.: Complete primary structure of
human and rabbit lactase-phlorizin hydrolase:
implications for biosynthesis, membrane anchoring
and evolution of the enzyme. Embo J. 7: 2701-13
(1988)
175. Martin L. O. G. et al.: Purification and properties of
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from Mytilus galloprovincialis digestive gland. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 79: 599-606 (1984)
176. Martin M. M.: Cellulose digestion in insects. Compo
Biochem. Physioi. Pt. A 75: 313-324 (1983)
177. Matsuo Y., Yokoyama R. and Yokoyama S.: The
genes for human alcohol dehydrogenase ~1 and ~2
differ by only one nucleotide. Eur. J. Biochem. 183:
317-320 (1989)
178. Matsuoka N. et al.: Evidence for the homology of
hexose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glucose 6phosphate dehydrogenase: Comparison of the amino
acid compositions. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B
76: 811-816 (1983)
179. McHenery J. G., Allen J. A. and BirkbeckT. H.: Distribution of lysozyme-like activity in 30 bivalve species. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 85: 581-584
(1986)
180. Medina-Puerta M. and Garrido-Perriera A.: Purification and properties of the enzyme 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from Dicentrarchus labrax
L. liver. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 83: 215-220
(1986)
181. Meikle P., Richards G. N. and Yellowlees D.: Structural determination of the oligosaccharide side chains
from a glycoprotein isolated from the mucus of the
coral Acropora formosa. J. bioI. Chern. 262:
16941-47 (1987)
182. Mendelzon D. H. and Parodi A. J.: N-linked high
mannose-type oligosaccharides in the Protozoa Crithidia fasciculata and Crithidia harmosa contain
galactofuranose residues. J. bioI. Chern. 261: 2129-33
(1986)
183. Merchant J. C. and Libke J. A.: Milk composition in
the northern brown bandicoot, Isoodon macrourus
(Peramelidae, Marsupialia). Aust. J. bioI. Sci. 41:
495-505 (1988)
184. Messer M. et aI.: Carbohydrates in the milk of the
platypus. Aust. J. bioI. Sci. 36: 129-137 (1983)
185. Messer M., Crisp E. A. and Newgrain K.: Studies on
the carbohydrate content of milk of the crabeater seal
(Lobodon carcinophagus). Compo Biochem. Physioi.
Pt. B 90: 367-370 (1988)
186. Messer M. and Nicholas K. R.: Biosynthesis of marsupial milk oligosaccharides: Characterization and
developmental changes of two galactosyltransferases
in lactating mammary glands of the tammar wallaby,
Macropus eugenii. Biochim. biophys. Acta 1077:
79-85 (1991)
187. Michelacci Y. M. and Horton D. S. P. Q.: Proteoglycans from the cartilage of young hammerhead shark,
Sphyrna lewini. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 92:
651-658 (1989)
188. Milanovic M., Andjelkovic M. and StamenkovicBojic G.: Adaptive significance of amylase polymorphism in Drosophila. IV. A comparative study of
biochemical properties of the alpha-amylase in Drosophila melanogaster, D. hydei, D. subobscura and
D. busckii. Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 93:
629-634 (1989)
189. Miller R. et aI.: Nucleoside hydrolases from Trypanosoma cruzi. J. bioI. Chern. 259: 5073-77 (1984)
190. Mourao P. A. S.: Epimerization of D-glucose to Lgalactose during the biosynthesis of a sulfated Lgalactan in the ascidian tunic. Biochemistry 30:
3458-64 (1991)
191. Moxon L. N. et al.: Purification and molecular properties of alcohol dehydrogenase from Drosophila
melanogaster: Evidence from NMR and kinetic studies for function as an aldehyde dehydrogenase.
Compo Biochem. Physioi. Pt. B 80: 525-535 (1985)
192. Muzzarelli R. A. A.: Chitin. Pergamon Press, Oxford
1977
193. Myers F. L. and Northcote D. H.: A survey of enzymes from the gastrointestinal tract of Helix pomatia.
J. expo BioI. 35: 639-648 (1958)
194. Neame P. J., Choi H. U. and Rosenberg L. C.: The
primary structure of the core protein of the small,
leucine-rich proteoglycan (PG I) from bovine articular cartilage. J. BioI. Chern. 264: 8653-61 (1989)
195. Nicholas K. et al.: Isolation, partial sequence and
asynchronous appearance during lactation of lysozyme and a-lactalbumin in the milk of a marsupial, the