12 Habitat 3D Complexity Effects on the Processes Structuring . . .
197
12.7 Conclusions
We highlighted that analysis and understanding of juvenile abundance patterns have
to consider nested sets of seascape features. At a wide spatial scale, oceanographic
patterns affect larval dispersal and consecutive broad patterns of juvenile settlement.
At a finer spatial scale, structural complexities of the habitats affect their quality
(basically food availability and predation risk) which drives local patterns of juvenile
abundances through differential mortality and active habitat selection.
Complementarities and synergies occur between habitats of a seascape.
Macrophyte-formed habitats were put ahead in this chapter, because they probably
have nursery role for more species than any other habitats do, in coastal temperate
seascapes. But the other habitats cannot be neglected even if they have nursery role
for only few species. The whole mosaic must consequently be taken into account for
management practices. After decades of local-scale habitat-focused management, it
is now required to upgrade coastal management at a wider seascape approach.
References
Abrams PA (1990) The evolution of anti-predator traits in prey in response to evolutionary change
in predators. Oikos 59:147–156
Anholt BR, Werner EE (1998) Predictable changes in predation mortality as a consequence of
changes in food availability and predation risk. Evol Ecol 12:729–738
Beck MW, Heck KL, Able KW, Childers DL, Eggleston DB, Gillanders BM, Halpern B, Hays
CG, Hoshino K, Minello TJ, Orth RJ, Sheridan PF, Weinstein MR (2001) The identification,
conservation, and management of estuarine and marine nurseries for fish and invertebrates.
Bioscience 51:633–641
Bostrom C, Pittman SJ, Simenstad C, Kneib RT (2011) Seascape ecology of coastal biogenic
habitats: advances, gaps, and challenges. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 427:191–217
Chemello R, Milazzo M (2002) Effect of algal architecture on associated fauna: some evidence
from phytal molluscs. Mar Biol 140:981–990
Cheminée A, Sala E, Pastor J, Bodilis P, Thiriet P, Mangialajo L, Cottalorda J-M, Francour P (2013)
Nursery value of Cystoseira forests for Mediterranean rocky reef fishes. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol
442:70–79
Christie H, Norderhaug KM, Fredriksen S (2009) Macrophytes as habitat for fauna. Mar Ecol Prog
Ser 396:221–233
Claudet J, Fraschetti S (2010) Human-driven impacts on marine habitats: a regional meta-analysis
in the Mediterranean sea. Biol Conserv 143:2195–2206
Coll M, Piroddi C, Steenbeek J, Kaschner K, Ben Rais Lasram F, Aguzzi J, Ballesteros E, Bianchi
CN, Corbera J, Dailianis T, Danovaro R, Estrada M, Froglia C, Galil BS, Gasol JM, Gertwagen
R, Gil J, Guilhaumon F, Kesner-Reyes K, Kitsos M-S, Koukouras A, Lampadariou N, Laxamana
E, López-Fé de la Cuadra CM, Lotze HK, Martin D, Mouillot D, Oro D, Raicevich S, RiusBarile J, Saiz-Salinas JI, San Vicente C, Somot S, Templado J, Turon X, Vafidis D, Villanueva
R, Voultsiadou E (2010) The biodiversity of the Mediterranean sea: estimates, patterns, and
threats. PLoS ONE 5:e11842
Dahlgren CP, Eggleston DB (2000) Ecological processes underlying ontogenetic habitat shifts in a
coral reef fish. Ecology 81:2227–2240
197
12.7 Conclusions
We highlighted that analysis and understanding of juvenile abundance patterns have
to consider nested sets of seascape features. At a wide spatial scale, oceanographic
patterns affect larval dispersal and consecutive broad patterns of juvenile settlement.
At a finer spatial scale, structural complexities of the habitats affect their quality
(basically food availability and predation risk) which drives local patterns of juvenile
abundances through differential mortality and active habitat selection.
Complementarities and synergies occur between habitats of a seascape.
Macrophyte-formed habitats were put ahead in this chapter, because they probably
have nursery role for more species than any other habitats do, in coastal temperate
seascapes. But the other habitats cannot be neglected even if they have nursery role
for only few species. The whole mosaic must consequently be taken into account for
management practices. After decades of local-scale habitat-focused management, it
is now required to upgrade coastal management at a wider seascape approach.
References
Abrams PA (1990) The evolution of anti-predator traits in prey in response to evolutionary change
in predators. Oikos 59:147–156
Anholt BR, Werner EE (1998) Predictable changes in predation mortality as a consequence of
changes in food availability and predation risk. Evol Ecol 12:729–738
Beck MW, Heck KL, Able KW, Childers DL, Eggleston DB, Gillanders BM, Halpern B, Hays
CG, Hoshino K, Minello TJ, Orth RJ, Sheridan PF, Weinstein MR (2001) The identification,
conservation, and management of estuarine and marine nurseries for fish and invertebrates.
Bioscience 51:633–641
Bostrom C, Pittman SJ, Simenstad C, Kneib RT (2011) Seascape ecology of coastal biogenic
habitats: advances, gaps, and challenges. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 427:191–217
Chemello R, Milazzo M (2002) Effect of algal architecture on associated fauna: some evidence
from phytal molluscs. Mar Biol 140:981–990
Cheminée A, Sala E, Pastor J, Bodilis P, Thiriet P, Mangialajo L, Cottalorda J-M, Francour P (2013)
Nursery value of Cystoseira forests for Mediterranean rocky reef fishes. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol
442:70–79
Christie H, Norderhaug KM, Fredriksen S (2009) Macrophytes as habitat for fauna. Mar Ecol Prog
Ser 396:221–233
Claudet J, Fraschetti S (2010) Human-driven impacts on marine habitats: a regional meta-analysis
in the Mediterranean sea. Biol Conserv 143:2195–2206
Coll M, Piroddi C, Steenbeek J, Kaschner K, Ben Rais Lasram F, Aguzzi J, Ballesteros E, Bianchi
CN, Corbera J, Dailianis T, Danovaro R, Estrada M, Froglia C, Galil BS, Gasol JM, Gertwagen
R, Gil J, Guilhaumon F, Kesner-Reyes K, Kitsos M-S, Koukouras A, Lampadariou N, Laxamana
E, López-Fé de la Cuadra CM, Lotze HK, Martin D, Mouillot D, Oro D, Raicevich S, RiusBarile J, Saiz-Salinas JI, San Vicente C, Somot S, Templado J, Turon X, Vafidis D, Villanueva
R, Voultsiadou E (2010) The biodiversity of the Mediterranean sea: estimates, patterns, and
threats. PLoS ONE 5:e11842
Dahlgren CP, Eggleston DB (2000) Ecological processes underlying ontogenetic habitat shifts in a
coral reef fish. Ecology 81:2227–2240