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A. Cheminée et al.
for Labridae (Cheminée et al. 2013), included so far without distinction within the
‘photophilic macrophytes’ biocenosis. In addition, (2) in the core area, the processing of applications for derogations to the banning of works/construction/installations
should take into account the recommendations mentioned above. Furthermore, for a
given nursery zone, the possible derogations authorised, on the grounds for example that the proposed construction work would not cause the destruction of habitats,
should nonetheless specify in the contractual specifications what are the characteristics of the micro-habitat which should also be conserved. Finally, (3) with regard
to land ownership, the reclassifying of the maritime space situated directly off land
belonging to the Conservatoire du Littoral (‘CELRL’ = Shoreline Protection National
Agency) might be requested, in order to transfer the administrative authority from the
‘Préfet de Département’ (‘DDTM’ = national level authority) to the ‘Conservatoire’
and the Park authorities. This would give the Park authorities additional leverage
with regard to the management of habitats and facilitate the application of more
suitable and better coordinated management measures at the scale of the underwater
landscapes.
Note on harbour development schemes–Harbours constructed on the scale of
those of ‘Goudes’ and ‘Morgiou’ small villages (shallow depth i.e. <2 m, lower
quays, conservation of the heterogeneous nature of the seabed) can conserve a high
nursery value for Sparidae, in contrast to the deep and homogeneous basins of the
PortAutonome, for example. Is dredging/deepening (i.e. radical transformation of the
habitat) systematically necessary for the construction/maintenance of these harbours?
11.6 Conclusion
In general, what is required is (1) to maintain and protect a mosaic of varied habitats both at the scale of a small cove and that of a whole bay in order to ensure the
complementarity of habitats for the different species or the different stages in the
life cycle of a given species; (2) to respect the morphology of these essential habitats: with regard to coastal development schemes (e.g. harbours), the advisability of
certain development works should be rethought in the light of these perspectives,
and alternative solutions avoiding a radical transformation of the habitat should be
discussed.
Acknowledgments This article was inspired by numerous discussions during the Séminaire scientifique et Technique “Paysages sous-marins” in Brest in March 2011. The authors wish to thank
the organisers of the seminar, in particular Olivier Musard and the Agence des Aires Marines Protégées. Thanks are also addressed to Alessandra Accornero-Picon, Anne-Laure Clément and the
other members of the GIP/PN des Calanques for their constructive comments and suggestions. This
paper is part of the Ph.D. thesis work of A.C. and of the research projects FOREFISH and CIRCE.
These projects have received funding from the Fondation Total, the Pˆ ole Mer PACA and the Agence
de l’Eau Rhˆ one-Méditerranée-Corse.
A. Cheminée et al.
for Labridae (Cheminée et al. 2013), included so far without distinction within the
‘photophilic macrophytes’ biocenosis. In addition, (2) in the core area, the processing of applications for derogations to the banning of works/construction/installations
should take into account the recommendations mentioned above. Furthermore, for a
given nursery zone, the possible derogations authorised, on the grounds for example that the proposed construction work would not cause the destruction of habitats,
should nonetheless specify in the contractual specifications what are the characteristics of the micro-habitat which should also be conserved. Finally, (3) with regard
to land ownership, the reclassifying of the maritime space situated directly off land
belonging to the Conservatoire du Littoral (‘CELRL’ = Shoreline Protection National
Agency) might be requested, in order to transfer the administrative authority from the
‘Préfet de Département’ (‘DDTM’ = national level authority) to the ‘Conservatoire’
and the Park authorities. This would give the Park authorities additional leverage
with regard to the management of habitats and facilitate the application of more
suitable and better coordinated management measures at the scale of the underwater
landscapes.
Note on harbour development schemes–Harbours constructed on the scale of
those of ‘Goudes’ and ‘Morgiou’ small villages (shallow depth i.e. <2 m, lower
quays, conservation of the heterogeneous nature of the seabed) can conserve a high
nursery value for Sparidae, in contrast to the deep and homogeneous basins of the
PortAutonome, for example. Is dredging/deepening (i.e. radical transformation of the
habitat) systematically necessary for the construction/maintenance of these harbours?
11.6 Conclusion
In general, what is required is (1) to maintain and protect a mosaic of varied habitats both at the scale of a small cove and that of a whole bay in order to ensure the
complementarity of habitats for the different species or the different stages in the
life cycle of a given species; (2) to respect the morphology of these essential habitats: with regard to coastal development schemes (e.g. harbours), the advisability of
certain development works should be rethought in the light of these perspectives,
and alternative solutions avoiding a radical transformation of the habitat should be
discussed.
Acknowledgments This article was inspired by numerous discussions during the Séminaire scientifique et Technique “Paysages sous-marins” in Brest in March 2011. The authors wish to thank
the organisers of the seminar, in particular Olivier Musard and the Agence des Aires Marines Protégées. Thanks are also addressed to Alessandra Accornero-Picon, Anne-Laure Clément and the
other members of the GIP/PN des Calanques for their constructive comments and suggestions. This
paper is part of the Ph.D. thesis work of A.C. and of the research projects FOREFISH and CIRCE.
These projects have received funding from the Fondation Total, the Pˆ ole Mer PACA and the Agence
de l’Eau Rhˆ one-Méditerranée-Corse.