Index
671
overgrowth by epiphytes, 571
overharvesting of coastal and estuarine predators, 491
overharvesting of fishes, 489
overharvesting of top predators, 492
overlapping patches, 638
ovules, 71
oxic conditions, 255
oxic microzone, 149
Cymodocea rotundata, 141
Oxic rhizospheres, 258
Oxygen, 140, 264–267
anoxia, 267
concentration, 141
consumption, 255
Cymodocea nodosa, 265
DIC, 140
die-off, 267
diel changes, 265
diffusion, 255, 263
effect of light, 266
effect of light intensity, 267
internal pressure, 264
internal transport, 263
schema, 263
lacunal pressure, 265
leaves, 264
light-dark effects, 265
light-dark transitions, 264
loss to rhizosphere, 262
loss to sediments, 263
Cymodocea rotundata, 263
mass flow, 264
P vs I curve, 266
pressure, 265
production, 255
rhizome levels, 266
rhizosphere, 262
root tips, 262
sediment redox, 144
shoot levels, 266
sinks
bubble formation, 261
effect of temperature, 261
loss to water column, 261
schema, 261
sulfide, 267
supply, 255
transport, 255, 264
schema, 263
water column, 265
oxygen
Zostera marina, 265
oxygen Cycles, 329
oxygen evolution, 257
oxygen in seagrasses, 258, 263
oxygen influx, 259
oxygen is lost from the leaves, 261
oxygen Loss, 261
oxygen Loss by Respiration, 260
oxygen Loss to the Rhizosphere, 262
oxygen lost to the sediment, 262
oxygen Movement, 255
oxygen partial pressure, 258, 260
oxygen penetration depth, 148
oxygen profiles measured, 259
oxygen release from roots, 241
oxygen Sinks, 260
oxygen sinks for seagrasses, 261
oxygen Sources, 257
oxygen Supply from the Surrounding Media, 258
oxygen transport, 263, 264
oxygen transport by diffusion, 263
oxygen transport by mass flow, 264
oxygen Variability, 265
oxygen-reduction profiles, 114
oyster, 216
oyster reefs, 216, 217
P vs E curve, 328
P vs. E response, 313
P 20 , 487
P max , 326
Posidonia angustifolia, 10
australis, 10
australis group, 390
australis-group, 10
coriacea, 10
denhartogii, 10
kirkmanii, 10
oceanica, 150
ostenfeldii, 10
ostenfeldii group, 10, 389
robertsoniae, 10
sinuosa, 10, 62
P:B ratios, 160
P:R quotient, 180
Pacific, 4, 5, 365
Pacific black brant migration, 370
Pacific coast of North America, 5, 9
package effect, 328
Palaemonetes pugio, 540
palatability, 481
PAM, 366, 375
absorption factor, 336
Diving PAM, 330
effective quantum yield, 332
ETRs, 332
imaging PAM, 336
maximum quantum yield, 332
non-photochemical quenching, 332
photochemical quenching, 332
photosynthesis, 367
photosynthetic rates, 332
rapid light curves, 334, 372
variable fluorescence, 332
PAM fluorometers, 333
PAM rapid light curves, 372
Panama up to Mexico, 9
PAR, 300, 319
paradigm of nutrient-enrichment, 542
parenchyma cells, 68
parrotfish, 482
671
overgrowth by epiphytes, 571
overharvesting of coastal and estuarine predators, 491
overharvesting of fishes, 489
overharvesting of top predators, 492
overlapping patches, 638
ovules, 71
oxic conditions, 255
oxic microzone, 149
Cymodocea rotundata, 141
Oxic rhizospheres, 258
Oxygen, 140, 264–267
anoxia, 267
concentration, 141
consumption, 255
Cymodocea nodosa, 265
DIC, 140
die-off, 267
diel changes, 265
diffusion, 255, 263
effect of light, 266
effect of light intensity, 267
internal pressure, 264
internal transport, 263
schema, 263
lacunal pressure, 265
leaves, 264
light-dark effects, 265
light-dark transitions, 264
loss to rhizosphere, 262
loss to sediments, 263
Cymodocea rotundata, 263
mass flow, 264
P vs I curve, 266
pressure, 265
production, 255
rhizome levels, 266
rhizosphere, 262
root tips, 262
sediment redox, 144
shoot levels, 266
sinks
bubble formation, 261
effect of temperature, 261
loss to water column, 261
schema, 261
sulfide, 267
supply, 255
transport, 255, 264
schema, 263
water column, 265
oxygen
Zostera marina, 265
oxygen Cycles, 329
oxygen evolution, 257
oxygen in seagrasses, 258, 263
oxygen influx, 259
oxygen is lost from the leaves, 261
oxygen Loss, 261
oxygen Loss by Respiration, 260
oxygen Loss to the Rhizosphere, 262
oxygen lost to the sediment, 262
oxygen Movement, 255
oxygen partial pressure, 258, 260
oxygen penetration depth, 148
oxygen profiles measured, 259
oxygen release from roots, 241
oxygen Sinks, 260
oxygen sinks for seagrasses, 261
oxygen Sources, 257
oxygen Supply from the Surrounding Media, 258
oxygen transport, 263, 264
oxygen transport by diffusion, 263
oxygen transport by mass flow, 264
oxygen Variability, 265
oxygen-reduction profiles, 114
oyster, 216
oyster reefs, 216, 217
P vs E curve, 328
P vs. E response, 313
P 20 , 487
P max , 326
Posidonia angustifolia, 10
australis, 10
australis group, 390
australis-group, 10
coriacea, 10
denhartogii, 10
kirkmanii, 10
oceanica, 150
ostenfeldii, 10
ostenfeldii group, 10, 389
robertsoniae, 10
sinuosa, 10, 62
P:B ratios, 160
P:R quotient, 180
Pacific, 4, 5, 365
Pacific black brant migration, 370
Pacific coast of North America, 5, 9
package effect, 328
Palaemonetes pugio, 540
palatability, 481
PAM, 366, 375
absorption factor, 336
Diving PAM, 330
effective quantum yield, 332
ETRs, 332
imaging PAM, 336
maximum quantum yield, 332
non-photochemical quenching, 332
photochemical quenching, 332
photosynthesis, 367
photosynthetic rates, 332
rapid light curves, 334, 372
variable fluorescence, 332
PAM fluorometers, 333
PAM rapid light curves, 372
Panama up to Mexico, 9
PAR, 300, 319
paradigm of nutrient-enrichment, 542
parenchyma cells, 68
parrotfish, 482