294
Carlos M. Duarte, James W. Fourqurean, Dorte Krause-Jensen, and Birgit Olesen
Quinn TJI and Deriso RB (1999) Quantitative Fish Dynamics.
Oxford University Press, New York
Rabalais NN and Turner RE (2001) Hypoxia in the northern Gulf
of Mexico: Descriptions, causes and change. In: Rabalais NN
and Turner RE (eds) Coastal Hypoxia, Consequences for Living Resources and Ecosystems. American Geophysical Union,
Washington, DC
Ramage DL and Schiel DR (1999) Patch dynamics and response
to disturbance of the seagrass Zostera novazelandica on intertidal platforms in southern New Zealand. Mar Ecol Prog Ser
189: 275–288
Rasheed MA (1999) Recovery of experimentally created gaps
within a tropical Zostera capricorini (Aschers) seagrass
meadow. Queensland Australia. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 235:
183–200
Rask N, Bondgaard EJ, Rasmussen MB and Laursen JS (2000)
Ålegræs—udbredelse før og nu. Vand og Jord 7: 51–54
Rasmussen E (1977) The wasting disease of eelgrass (Zostera
marina) and its effects on environmental factors and fauna.
In: McRoy CP and Helfferich C (eds) Seagrass Ecosystems, p
1–51. Marcel Dekker, New York
Reusch TBH (2001) New markers—old questions: Population
genetics of seagrasses. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 211: 261–274
Reusch TBH, Bostrom C, Stam WT and Olsen JL (1999) An
ancient eelgrass clone in the Baltic. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 183:
301–304
Ricker WE (1975) Computation and interpretation of biological
statistics of fish populations. Bull Fish Res Board Can 191
Robblee MB, Barber TR, Carlson PR, Durako MJ, Fourqurean
JW, Muelstein LK, Porter D, Yarbro LA, Zieman RJ and Zieman JC (1991) Mass mortality of the tropical seagrass Thalassia testudinum in Florida Bay (USA). Mar Ecol Prog Ser
71: 297–299
Rose CD, Sharp WC, Kenworthy WJ, Hunt HJ, Lyons WG, Prager
EJ, Valentine JF, Hall MO, Whitfield PE and Fourqurean JW
(1999) Overgrazing of a large seagrass bed by the sea urchin
Lytechinus variegatus in Outer Florida Bay. Mar Ecol Prog Ser
190: 211–222
Ruiz JM and Romero J (2001) Effects of in situ experimental
shading on the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica.
Mar Ecol Prog Ser 215: 107–120
Sand-Jensen K (1975) Biomass, net production and growth
dynamics in an eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) population in
Vellerup Vig, Denmark. Ophelia 14: 185–201
Setchell WA (1929) Morphological and phenological notes on
Zostera marina L. Univ Calif Publ Bot 14: 389–452
Short FT and Burdick DM (1996) Quantifying eelgrass habitat
loss in relation to housing development and nitrogen loading
in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts. Estuaries 19: 730–739
Short FT and Duarte CM (2001) Methods for the measurement
of seagrass growth and production. In: FT Short and RG Coles
(eds) Global Seagrass Research Methods, pp 155–182. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Short FT, Muehlstein LK and Porter D (1987) Eelgrass wasting
disease: Cause and recurrence of a marine epidemic. Biol Bull
173: 557–562
Short FT and Wyllie-Echeverria S (1996) Natural and humaninduced disturbance of seagrasses. Environ Conserv 23: 17–27
Sintes T, Marb´ a N, Duarte CM and Kendrick G (2005) Nonlinear processes in seagrass colonisation explained by simple
clonal growth rules. Oikos 108: 165–175
Sprugel DG (1976) Dynamic structure of wave-regenerated
Abies balsamea forests in the north-east United States. J Ecol
64: 889–911
Sutherland WJ and Walton D (1990) The changes in morphology
and demography of Iris pseudacorus L. at different heights in
a saltmarsh. Funct Ecol 4: 655–659
Szeicz JM and MacDonald GM (1995) Recent white spruce dynamics at the subartic alpine treeline of north-western Canada.
J Ecol 83: 873–885
Taylor AH and Zisheng Q (1993) Ageing bamboo culms to assess bamboo population dynamics in panda habitat. Environ
Conserv 20: 76–79
Terrados J (1993) Sexual reproduction and seed banks of Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) Ascherson meadows on the southeast Mediterranean Coast of Spain. Aquat Bot 46: 293–
299
Terrados J, Duarte CM, Kamp-Nielsen L, Agawin NSR, Gacia
E, Lacap D, Fortes MD, Borum J, Lubanski M and Greve T
(1999) Are seagrass growth and survival constrained by the
reducing conditions of the sediment? Aquat Bot 65: 175–197
Terrados J, Duarte CM and Kenworthy WJ (1997) Is the apical
growth of Cymodocea nodosa dependent on clonal integration? Mar Ecol Prog Ser 158: 103–110
Tomlinson PB (1974) Vegetative morphology and meristem
dependence—the foundation of productivity in seagrasses.
Aquaculture 4: 107–130
Townsend EC and Fonseca MS (1998) Bioturbation as a potential mechanism influencing spatial heterogeneity of North
Carolina seagrass beds. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 169: 123–
132
van Lent F and Verschuure JM (1994) Intraspecific variability of
Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) in the estuaries and lagoons of
the southwestern Netherlands. I. Population dynamics. Aquat
Bot 48: 31–58
Verhagen JHG and Nienhuis PH (1983) A simulation model of
production, seasonal changes in biomass and distribution of
eelgrass (Zostera marina) in Lake Grevelingen. Mar Ecol Prog
Ser 10: 187–195
Vidondo B, Duarte CM, Middelboe AL, Stefansen K, L¨ utzen
T and Nielsen SL (1997) Dynamics of a landscape mosaic:
Size and age distributions, growth and demography of seagrass
Cymodocea nodosa patches. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 158: 131–138
Williams SL (1987) Competition between the seagrasses Thalassia testudinum and Syringodinum filiforme in a Caribbean
lagoon. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 35: 91–98
Williams SL (1988) Disturbance and recovery of a deep-water
Caribbean seagrass bed. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 42: 63–71
Williams SL (1990) Experimental studies of Caribbean seagrass
bed development. Ecological Monogr 60: 449–469
Worcester SE (1994) Adult rafting versus larval swimming: Dispersal and recruitment of a botyllid ascidian on eelgrass. Mar
Biol 121: 309–317
Økland RH (1995) Population biology of the clonal moss Hylocomium splendens in Norwegian boreal spruce forests. I.
Demography. J Ecol 83: 697–712
Carlos M. Duarte, James W. Fourqurean, Dorte Krause-Jensen, and Birgit Olesen
Quinn TJI and Deriso RB (1999) Quantitative Fish Dynamics.
Oxford University Press, New York
Rabalais NN and Turner RE (2001) Hypoxia in the northern Gulf
of Mexico: Descriptions, causes and change. In: Rabalais NN
and Turner RE (eds) Coastal Hypoxia, Consequences for Living Resources and Ecosystems. American Geophysical Union,
Washington, DC
Ramage DL and Schiel DR (1999) Patch dynamics and response
to disturbance of the seagrass Zostera novazelandica on intertidal platforms in southern New Zealand. Mar Ecol Prog Ser
189: 275–288
Rasheed MA (1999) Recovery of experimentally created gaps
within a tropical Zostera capricorini (Aschers) seagrass
meadow. Queensland Australia. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 235:
183–200
Rask N, Bondgaard EJ, Rasmussen MB and Laursen JS (2000)
Ålegræs—udbredelse før og nu. Vand og Jord 7: 51–54
Rasmussen E (1977) The wasting disease of eelgrass (Zostera
marina) and its effects on environmental factors and fauna.
In: McRoy CP and Helfferich C (eds) Seagrass Ecosystems, p
1–51. Marcel Dekker, New York
Reusch TBH (2001) New markers—old questions: Population
genetics of seagrasses. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 211: 261–274
Reusch TBH, Bostrom C, Stam WT and Olsen JL (1999) An
ancient eelgrass clone in the Baltic. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 183:
301–304
Ricker WE (1975) Computation and interpretation of biological
statistics of fish populations. Bull Fish Res Board Can 191
Robblee MB, Barber TR, Carlson PR, Durako MJ, Fourqurean
JW, Muelstein LK, Porter D, Yarbro LA, Zieman RJ and Zieman JC (1991) Mass mortality of the tropical seagrass Thalassia testudinum in Florida Bay (USA). Mar Ecol Prog Ser
71: 297–299
Rose CD, Sharp WC, Kenworthy WJ, Hunt HJ, Lyons WG, Prager
EJ, Valentine JF, Hall MO, Whitfield PE and Fourqurean JW
(1999) Overgrazing of a large seagrass bed by the sea urchin
Lytechinus variegatus in Outer Florida Bay. Mar Ecol Prog Ser
190: 211–222
Ruiz JM and Romero J (2001) Effects of in situ experimental
shading on the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica.
Mar Ecol Prog Ser 215: 107–120
Sand-Jensen K (1975) Biomass, net production and growth
dynamics in an eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) population in
Vellerup Vig, Denmark. Ophelia 14: 185–201
Setchell WA (1929) Morphological and phenological notes on
Zostera marina L. Univ Calif Publ Bot 14: 389–452
Short FT and Burdick DM (1996) Quantifying eelgrass habitat
loss in relation to housing development and nitrogen loading
in Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts. Estuaries 19: 730–739
Short FT and Duarte CM (2001) Methods for the measurement
of seagrass growth and production. In: FT Short and RG Coles
(eds) Global Seagrass Research Methods, pp 155–182. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Short FT, Muehlstein LK and Porter D (1987) Eelgrass wasting
disease: Cause and recurrence of a marine epidemic. Biol Bull
173: 557–562
Short FT and Wyllie-Echeverria S (1996) Natural and humaninduced disturbance of seagrasses. Environ Conserv 23: 17–27
Sintes T, Marb´ a N, Duarte CM and Kendrick G (2005) Nonlinear processes in seagrass colonisation explained by simple
clonal growth rules. Oikos 108: 165–175
Sprugel DG (1976) Dynamic structure of wave-regenerated
Abies balsamea forests in the north-east United States. J Ecol
64: 889–911
Sutherland WJ and Walton D (1990) The changes in morphology
and demography of Iris pseudacorus L. at different heights in
a saltmarsh. Funct Ecol 4: 655–659
Szeicz JM and MacDonald GM (1995) Recent white spruce dynamics at the subartic alpine treeline of north-western Canada.
J Ecol 83: 873–885
Taylor AH and Zisheng Q (1993) Ageing bamboo culms to assess bamboo population dynamics in panda habitat. Environ
Conserv 20: 76–79
Terrados J (1993) Sexual reproduction and seed banks of Cymodocea nodosa (Ucria) Ascherson meadows on the southeast Mediterranean Coast of Spain. Aquat Bot 46: 293–
299
Terrados J, Duarte CM, Kamp-Nielsen L, Agawin NSR, Gacia
E, Lacap D, Fortes MD, Borum J, Lubanski M and Greve T
(1999) Are seagrass growth and survival constrained by the
reducing conditions of the sediment? Aquat Bot 65: 175–197
Terrados J, Duarte CM and Kenworthy WJ (1997) Is the apical
growth of Cymodocea nodosa dependent on clonal integration? Mar Ecol Prog Ser 158: 103–110
Tomlinson PB (1974) Vegetative morphology and meristem
dependence—the foundation of productivity in seagrasses.
Aquaculture 4: 107–130
Townsend EC and Fonseca MS (1998) Bioturbation as a potential mechanism influencing spatial heterogeneity of North
Carolina seagrass beds. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 169: 123–
132
van Lent F and Verschuure JM (1994) Intraspecific variability of
Zostera marina L. (eelgrass) in the estuaries and lagoons of
the southwestern Netherlands. I. Population dynamics. Aquat
Bot 48: 31–58
Verhagen JHG and Nienhuis PH (1983) A simulation model of
production, seasonal changes in biomass and distribution of
eelgrass (Zostera marina) in Lake Grevelingen. Mar Ecol Prog
Ser 10: 187–195
Vidondo B, Duarte CM, Middelboe AL, Stefansen K, L¨ utzen
T and Nielsen SL (1997) Dynamics of a landscape mosaic:
Size and age distributions, growth and demography of seagrass
Cymodocea nodosa patches. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 158: 131–138
Williams SL (1987) Competition between the seagrasses Thalassia testudinum and Syringodinum filiforme in a Caribbean
lagoon. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 35: 91–98
Williams SL (1988) Disturbance and recovery of a deep-water
Caribbean seagrass bed. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 42: 63–71
Williams SL (1990) Experimental studies of Caribbean seagrass
bed development. Ecological Monogr 60: 449–469
Worcester SE (1994) Adult rafting versus larval swimming: Dispersal and recruitment of a botyllid ascidian on eelgrass. Mar
Biol 121: 309–317
Økland RH (1995) Population biology of the clonal moss Hylocomium splendens in Norwegian boreal spruce forests. I.
Demography. J Ecol 83: 697–712