Chapter 6 Seagrasses and Biogeochemistry
155
mangrove forest with adjacent seagrass beds and coral reefs
(Gazy Bay, Kenya). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 106: 291–301
Hemminga MA and Nieuwenhuize J (1990) Seagrass wrackinduced dune formation on a tropical coast (Banc d’Arguin,
Mauritania). Est Coast Shelf Sci 31: 499–502
Herzka SZ and Dunton KH (1997) Seasonal photosynthetic patterns of the seagrass Thalassia testudinum in the western Gulf
of Mexico. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 152: 103–117
Holmer M, Andersen FØ, Holmboe N, Kristensen E and
Thongtham N (1999) Transformation and exchange processes
in the Bangrong mangrove forest-seagrass bed system, Thailand. Seasonal and spatial variations in benthic metabolism
and sulfur biogeochemistry. Aquat Microb Ecol 20: 203–
212
Holmer M, Andersen FØ, Nielsen SL and Henricus TSB (2001)
The importance of mineralization based on sulfate reduction
for nutrient regeneration in tropical seagrass sediments. Aquat
Bot 71: 1–17
Holmer M and Bondgaard EJ (2001) Photosynthetic and growth
response of eelgrass to low oxygen and high sulfide concentrations during hypoxic events. Aquat Bot 70: 29–38
Holmer M, Duarte CM, Boschker HTS and Barr´ on C (2004)
Carbon cycling and bacterial carbon sources in pristine and
impacted Mediterranean seagrass sediments. Aquat Microb
Ecol 36: 227–237
Holmer M, Duarte CM and Marb` a N (2005) Sulfur cycling and
seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) status in carbonate sediments.
Biogeochemistry 66: 223–239
Holmer M, Duarte CM and Marb` a N (2005) Iron additions
improve seagrass growth on impacted carbonate sediments.
Ecosystems (in press)
Holmer M and Laursen L (2002) Effect of shading of Zostera
marina (eelgrass) on sulfur cycling in sediments with contrasting organic matter and sulfide pools. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol
270: 25–37
Holmer M and Nielsen SL (1997) Sediment sulfur dynamics related to biomass-density patterns in Zostera marina (eelgrass)
beds. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 146: 163–171
Iizumi H, Hattori A and McRoy CP (1980) Nitrate and nitrite in
interstil waters of eelgrass beds in relation to rhizosphere. J
exp mar Biol Ecol 47: 191–201
Invers O, Romero J and Perez M (1997) Effects of pH on seagrass
photosynthesis: A laboratory and field assessment. Aquat Bot
59: 185–194
Invers O, Zimmerman RC, Alberte RS, Perez M and Romero J
(2001) Inorganic carbon sources for seagrass photosynthesis:
An experimental evaluation of bicarbonate use in species inhabiting temperate waters. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 265: 203–217
Isaksen MF and Finster K (1996) Sulphate reduction in the root
zone of the seagrass Zostera noltii on the intertidal flats of a
coastal lagoon (Arcachon, France). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 137:
187–194
James PL and Larkum AWD (1996) Photosynthetic Ci acquisition of Posidonia australis. Aquat Bot 55: 149–157
Jensen S and Bell S (2001) Seagrass growth and patch dynamics:
Cross-scale morphological plasticity. Plant Ecol 155: 201–
217
Jensen SL, McGlathery KJ, Marino R and Howarth RW (1998)
Forms and availability of sediment phosphorus in carbonate
sand of Bermuda seagrass beds. Limnol Oceanogr 43: 799–
810
Jensen HS, Mortensen PB, Andersen FO, Rasmussen E and
Jensen A (1995) P hosphorus cycling in a coastal marine
sediment, Aarhus Bay, Denmark. Limnol Oceanogr 40: 908–
917
Jones BW, Cifuentes LA and Kaldy JE (2003) Stable carbon
isotope evidence for coupling between sedimentary bacteria
and seagrasses in a sub-tropical lagoon. Mar Ecol Prog Ser
255: 15–25
Jones CG, Lawton JH and Shachak M (1997) Positive and negative effects of organisms as physical ecosystem engineers.
Ecology 78: 1946–1957
Jørgensen BB (1982) Mineralization of organic matter in the
sea bed – the role of sulphate reduction. Nature 296: 643–
645
Kamp-Nielsen L, Vermaat JE, Wesseling I, Borum J and GeertzHansen O (2002) Sediment properties along gradients of
siltation in South-East Asia. Est Coast Shelf Sci 54: 127–
137
Kemp WM, Twilley RR, Stevenson JC, Boynton WR and Means
JC (1983) The decline of submerged vascular plants in upper Chesapeake Bay: Summary of results concerning possible
causes. Mar Technol Soc J 17: 78–89
Kennedy H, Gacia E, Kennedy P, Papadimitriou S and Duarte CM
(2004) Organic carbon sources to SE Asian coastal sediments.
Est Coast Shelf Sci 60: 59–68
Kirkman H and Kendrick GA (1997) Ecological significance and
commercial harvesting of drifting and beach-cast macro-algae
and seagrasses in Australia: A review. J Appl Phycol 9: 311–
326
K¨ usel K, Pinkart HC, Drake HL and Devereux R (1999) Acetogenic and sulfate-reducing bacteria inhabiting the rhizoplane
and deep cortex cells of the sea grass Halodule wrightii. Appl
Environ Microbiol 65: 5117–5123
Land LS (1970) Carbonate mud: Production by epibiont
growth on Thalassia testudium. J Sediment Petrol 40: 1361–
1363
Lee K and Dunton KH (2000) Diurnal changes in pore water
sulfide concentrations in the seagrass Thalassia testudinum
beds: The effects of seagrasses on sulfide dynamics. J Exp
Mar Biol Ecol 255: 201–214
Lemmens JWTJ, Clapin G, Lavery P and Cary J 1996 Filtering capacity of seagrass meadows and other habitats of
Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 143:
187–200
Marb` a N and Duarte CM (2001) Growth and sediment space
occupation by seagrass (Cymodocea nodosa) roots. Mar Ecol
Prog Ser 224: 291–298
Mateo MA, Romero J, P´ erez M, Littler MM and Littler DS (1997)
Dynamics of millenary organic deposits resulting from growth
of the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica. Est Coast
Shelf Sci 44: 103–110
McGlathery KJ, Risgaard-Petersen N and Christensen PB (1998)
Temporal and spatial variation in nitrogen fixation the eelgrass
Zostera marina. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 168: 245–258
McGlathery KJ, Berg P and Marino R (2001) Using porewater
profiles to assess nutrient availability in seagrass-vegetated
carbonate sediments. Biogeochemistry 56: 239–263
Moriarty DJW, Iverson RL and Pollard PC (1986) Exudation of
organic carbon by the seagrass Halodule wrightii Aschers and
its effects on bacterial growth in the sediment. J Exper Mar
Biol Ecol 96: 115–126
155
mangrove forest with adjacent seagrass beds and coral reefs
(Gazy Bay, Kenya). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 106: 291–301
Hemminga MA and Nieuwenhuize J (1990) Seagrass wrackinduced dune formation on a tropical coast (Banc d’Arguin,
Mauritania). Est Coast Shelf Sci 31: 499–502
Herzka SZ and Dunton KH (1997) Seasonal photosynthetic patterns of the seagrass Thalassia testudinum in the western Gulf
of Mexico. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 152: 103–117
Holmer M, Andersen FØ, Holmboe N, Kristensen E and
Thongtham N (1999) Transformation and exchange processes
in the Bangrong mangrove forest-seagrass bed system, Thailand. Seasonal and spatial variations in benthic metabolism
and sulfur biogeochemistry. Aquat Microb Ecol 20: 203–
212
Holmer M, Andersen FØ, Nielsen SL and Henricus TSB (2001)
The importance of mineralization based on sulfate reduction
for nutrient regeneration in tropical seagrass sediments. Aquat
Bot 71: 1–17
Holmer M and Bondgaard EJ (2001) Photosynthetic and growth
response of eelgrass to low oxygen and high sulfide concentrations during hypoxic events. Aquat Bot 70: 29–38
Holmer M, Duarte CM, Boschker HTS and Barr´ on C (2004)
Carbon cycling and bacterial carbon sources in pristine and
impacted Mediterranean seagrass sediments. Aquat Microb
Ecol 36: 227–237
Holmer M, Duarte CM and Marb` a N (2005) Sulfur cycling and
seagrass (Posidonia oceanica) status in carbonate sediments.
Biogeochemistry 66: 223–239
Holmer M, Duarte CM and Marb` a N (2005) Iron additions
improve seagrass growth on impacted carbonate sediments.
Ecosystems (in press)
Holmer M and Laursen L (2002) Effect of shading of Zostera
marina (eelgrass) on sulfur cycling in sediments with contrasting organic matter and sulfide pools. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol
270: 25–37
Holmer M and Nielsen SL (1997) Sediment sulfur dynamics related to biomass-density patterns in Zostera marina (eelgrass)
beds. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 146: 163–171
Iizumi H, Hattori A and McRoy CP (1980) Nitrate and nitrite in
interstil waters of eelgrass beds in relation to rhizosphere. J
exp mar Biol Ecol 47: 191–201
Invers O, Romero J and Perez M (1997) Effects of pH on seagrass
photosynthesis: A laboratory and field assessment. Aquat Bot
59: 185–194
Invers O, Zimmerman RC, Alberte RS, Perez M and Romero J
(2001) Inorganic carbon sources for seagrass photosynthesis:
An experimental evaluation of bicarbonate use in species inhabiting temperate waters. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 265: 203–217
Isaksen MF and Finster K (1996) Sulphate reduction in the root
zone of the seagrass Zostera noltii on the intertidal flats of a
coastal lagoon (Arcachon, France). Mar Ecol Prog Ser 137:
187–194
James PL and Larkum AWD (1996) Photosynthetic Ci acquisition of Posidonia australis. Aquat Bot 55: 149–157
Jensen S and Bell S (2001) Seagrass growth and patch dynamics:
Cross-scale morphological plasticity. Plant Ecol 155: 201–
217
Jensen SL, McGlathery KJ, Marino R and Howarth RW (1998)
Forms and availability of sediment phosphorus in carbonate
sand of Bermuda seagrass beds. Limnol Oceanogr 43: 799–
810
Jensen HS, Mortensen PB, Andersen FO, Rasmussen E and
Jensen A (1995) P hosphorus cycling in a coastal marine
sediment, Aarhus Bay, Denmark. Limnol Oceanogr 40: 908–
917
Jones BW, Cifuentes LA and Kaldy JE (2003) Stable carbon
isotope evidence for coupling between sedimentary bacteria
and seagrasses in a sub-tropical lagoon. Mar Ecol Prog Ser
255: 15–25
Jones CG, Lawton JH and Shachak M (1997) Positive and negative effects of organisms as physical ecosystem engineers.
Ecology 78: 1946–1957
Jørgensen BB (1982) Mineralization of organic matter in the
sea bed – the role of sulphate reduction. Nature 296: 643–
645
Kamp-Nielsen L, Vermaat JE, Wesseling I, Borum J and GeertzHansen O (2002) Sediment properties along gradients of
siltation in South-East Asia. Est Coast Shelf Sci 54: 127–
137
Kemp WM, Twilley RR, Stevenson JC, Boynton WR and Means
JC (1983) The decline of submerged vascular plants in upper Chesapeake Bay: Summary of results concerning possible
causes. Mar Technol Soc J 17: 78–89
Kennedy H, Gacia E, Kennedy P, Papadimitriou S and Duarte CM
(2004) Organic carbon sources to SE Asian coastal sediments.
Est Coast Shelf Sci 60: 59–68
Kirkman H and Kendrick GA (1997) Ecological significance and
commercial harvesting of drifting and beach-cast macro-algae
and seagrasses in Australia: A review. J Appl Phycol 9: 311–
326
K¨ usel K, Pinkart HC, Drake HL and Devereux R (1999) Acetogenic and sulfate-reducing bacteria inhabiting the rhizoplane
and deep cortex cells of the sea grass Halodule wrightii. Appl
Environ Microbiol 65: 5117–5123
Land LS (1970) Carbonate mud: Production by epibiont
growth on Thalassia testudium. J Sediment Petrol 40: 1361–
1363
Lee K and Dunton KH (2000) Diurnal changes in pore water
sulfide concentrations in the seagrass Thalassia testudinum
beds: The effects of seagrasses on sulfide dynamics. J Exp
Mar Biol Ecol 255: 201–214
Lemmens JWTJ, Clapin G, Lavery P and Cary J 1996 Filtering capacity of seagrass meadows and other habitats of
Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 143:
187–200
Marb` a N and Duarte CM (2001) Growth and sediment space
occupation by seagrass (Cymodocea nodosa) roots. Mar Ecol
Prog Ser 224: 291–298
Mateo MA, Romero J, P´ erez M, Littler MM and Littler DS (1997)
Dynamics of millenary organic deposits resulting from growth
of the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica. Est Coast
Shelf Sci 44: 103–110
McGlathery KJ, Risgaard-Petersen N and Christensen PB (1998)
Temporal and spatial variation in nitrogen fixation the eelgrass
Zostera marina. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 168: 245–258
McGlathery KJ, Berg P and Marino R (2001) Using porewater
profiles to assess nutrient availability in seagrass-vegetated
carbonate sediments. Biogeochemistry 56: 239–263
Moriarty DJW, Iverson RL and Pollard PC (1986) Exudation of
organic carbon by the seagrass Halodule wrightii Aschers and
its effects on bacterial growth in the sediment. J Exper Mar
Biol Ecol 96: 115–126