Table 6.3 Main features of the archaeal cell envelope for a subset of representative archaea
Order
Species
S-layer
Second membrane
Pseudomurein
Glycocalyx (polysaccharide)
Sulfated heteropolysaccharide
Glutaminylglycan
Halomucin
Proteinaceous sheaths
Unspecified protein
Methanochondroitin
Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Cenarchaeum symbiosum
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
‘Ca. Korarchaeum cryptofilum’
Crenarchaeota
Thermoproteales
Thermofilum sp.1505
Thermoproteus neutrophilus V24Sta
Thermoproteus tenax strain YS44
Pyrobaculum islandicum DSM 4184
Pyrobaculum organotrophum
Sulfolobales
Acidianus brierleyi
Metallosphaera prunae Ron12/II
Metallosphaera sedula DSM 5348
Sulfolobus solfataricus P2
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639
Sulfolobus tokodaii str. 7
Desulfurococcales
Pyrolobus fumarii 1A
Hyperthermus butylicus DSM 5456
Ignicoccus hospitalis KIN4
Desulfurococcus mobilis
Desulfurococcus kamchatkensis
Staphylothermus marinus F1
Aeropyrum pernix K1
Nanoarchaeota
Nanoarchaeum equitans Kin4−M
Euryarchaeota
Methanopyrales
Methanopyrus kandleri AV19
Thermococcales
Thermococcus acidaminovorans
Pyrococcus furiosus DSM 3638
Methanobacteriales
Methanothermus fervidus
Methanobrevibacter ruminantium M1
Methanobrevibacter formicicum
Methanococcales
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
Methanococcus voltae A3
Methanococcus vannielii SB
Methanococcus maripaludis C7
Archaeoglobales
Ferroglobus placidus DSM 10642
Archaeoglobus veneficus DSM11195
Archaeoglobus fulgidus DSM 4304
Thermoplasmatales
Picrophilus torridus DSM 9790
Thermoplasma acidophilum
Thermoplasma volcanium
Halobacteriales
Halococcus morrhuae
Natronococcus occultus SP4
Halobacterium salinarum R1
Haloarcula japonica TR−1
Haloferax volcanii DS2
Haloquadratum walsbyi C23
Haloquadratum walsbyi HBSQ001
Methanosarcinales
Methanosaeta concilii Opfikon
Methanosaeta concilii
Methanolobus tindarius DSM2278
Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A
Methanosarcina mazei Go1
Methanomicrobiales
Methanocorpusculum sinense
Methanocorpusculum parvum
Methanospirillum hungatei JF−1
Methanogenium tationis DSM 2702
Methanoculleus marisnigri JR1
Methanogenium marisnigri DSM 1498
Methanolacinia paynteri
Methanogenium cariaci DSM 1497
Phylum
Thaumarchaeota
Korarchaeota
“?” means: not known yet
The data have been extracted from Albers and Meyer (2011)
6 Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Prokaryotes
163
Order
Species
S-layer
Second membrane
Pseudomurein
Glycocalyx (polysaccharide)
Sulfated heteropolysaccharide
Glutaminylglycan
Halomucin
Proteinaceous sheaths
Unspecified protein
Methanochondroitin
Nitrosopumilus maritimus SCM1
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
Cenarchaeum symbiosum
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
‘Ca. Korarchaeum cryptofilum’
Crenarchaeota
Thermoproteales
Thermofilum sp.1505
Thermoproteus neutrophilus V24Sta
Thermoproteus tenax strain YS44
Pyrobaculum islandicum DSM 4184
Pyrobaculum organotrophum
Sulfolobales
Acidianus brierleyi
Metallosphaera prunae Ron12/II
Metallosphaera sedula DSM 5348
Sulfolobus solfataricus P2
Sulfolobus acidocaldarius DSM 639
Sulfolobus tokodaii str. 7
Desulfurococcales
Pyrolobus fumarii 1A
Hyperthermus butylicus DSM 5456
Ignicoccus hospitalis KIN4
Desulfurococcus mobilis
Desulfurococcus kamchatkensis
Staphylothermus marinus F1
Aeropyrum pernix K1
Nanoarchaeota
Nanoarchaeum equitans Kin4−M
Euryarchaeota
Methanopyrales
Methanopyrus kandleri AV19
Thermococcales
Thermococcus acidaminovorans
Pyrococcus furiosus DSM 3638
Methanobacteriales
Methanothermus fervidus
Methanobrevibacter ruminantium M1
Methanobrevibacter formicicum
Methanococcales
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
Methanococcus voltae A3
Methanococcus vannielii SB
Methanococcus maripaludis C7
Archaeoglobales
Ferroglobus placidus DSM 10642
Archaeoglobus veneficus DSM11195
Archaeoglobus fulgidus DSM 4304
Thermoplasmatales
Picrophilus torridus DSM 9790
Thermoplasma acidophilum
Thermoplasma volcanium
Halobacteriales
Halococcus morrhuae
Natronococcus occultus SP4
Halobacterium salinarum R1
Haloarcula japonica TR−1
Haloferax volcanii DS2
Haloquadratum walsbyi C23
Haloquadratum walsbyi HBSQ001
Methanosarcinales
Methanosaeta concilii Opfikon
Methanosaeta concilii
Methanolobus tindarius DSM2278
Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A
Methanosarcina mazei Go1
Methanomicrobiales
Methanocorpusculum sinense
Methanocorpusculum parvum
Methanospirillum hungatei JF−1
Methanogenium tationis DSM 2702
Methanoculleus marisnigri JR1
Methanogenium marisnigri DSM 1498
Methanolacinia paynteri
Methanogenium cariaci DSM 1497
Phylum
Thaumarchaeota
Korarchaeota
“?” means: not known yet
The data have been extracted from Albers and Meyer (2011)
6 Taxonomy and Phylogeny of Prokaryotes
163