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© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
B. Austin, D.A. Austin, Bacterial Fish Pathogens,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-32674-0_9
Chapter 9
Pseudomonads
Abstract Fish pathogenic pseudomonads include Pseudomonas anguilliseptica,
Ps. baetica, Ps. chlororaphis, Ps. fl uorescens, Ps. koreensis, Ps. luteola, Ps. plecoglossicida, Ps. pseudoalcaligenes and Ps. putida, which are the causes of Sekiten
byo (= red spot), a disease of wedge sole without external or internal disease signs,
distended abdomen and haemorrhaging on the body surface, fi n/tail rot with or
without the presence of external haemorrhaging, haemorrhagic septicaemia, bacterial haemorrhagic ascites of ayu, extensive skin lesions, and exophthalmia with
external ulceration, respectively. Molecular diagnosis has been achieved with Ps.
anguilliseptica. Formalin inactivated whole cell vaccines have been developed for
Ps. anguilliseptica and Ps. plecoglossicida.
Keywords Sekiten-byo • Red spot • Pseudomonas • Fin rot • Haemorrhagic
ascites
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Ps. aeruginosa has been included in an article describing pathogens (including Aer.
hydrophila and Aer. veronii) of ulcerated Nile tilapia from Tanzania (Shayo et al.
2012 ), and has been reported as pathogenic for Mozambique tilapia ( Oreochromis
mossambicus) in India (Thomas et al. 2013 ). Infection experiments using 0.1 ml
volumes of high doses (2.4 × 10
8 CFU/ml) resulted in disease with signs including
darkening of the skin, detachment of the scales, fi n necrosis, exophthalmia cataract/
trachoma and blindness, and presence of hemorrhaging on the body surface (Shayo
et al. 2012 ). Pathogenicity was also reported towards Mozambique tilapia (Thomas
et al. 2013 ). Disease control was possible by use of a lime oil nanoemulsion (Thomas
et al. 2013 ) and neem oil nanoemulsion (Mishra et al. 2014 ).
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016
B. Austin, D.A. Austin, Bacterial Fish Pathogens,
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-32674-0_9
Chapter 9
Pseudomonads
Abstract Fish pathogenic pseudomonads include Pseudomonas anguilliseptica,
Ps. baetica, Ps. chlororaphis, Ps. fl uorescens, Ps. koreensis, Ps. luteola, Ps. plecoglossicida, Ps. pseudoalcaligenes and Ps. putida, which are the causes of Sekiten
byo (= red spot), a disease of wedge sole without external or internal disease signs,
distended abdomen and haemorrhaging on the body surface, fi n/tail rot with or
without the presence of external haemorrhaging, haemorrhagic septicaemia, bacterial haemorrhagic ascites of ayu, extensive skin lesions, and exophthalmia with
external ulceration, respectively. Molecular diagnosis has been achieved with Ps.
anguilliseptica. Formalin inactivated whole cell vaccines have been developed for
Ps. anguilliseptica and Ps. plecoglossicida.
Keywords Sekiten-byo • Red spot • Pseudomonas • Fin rot • Haemorrhagic
ascites
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Ps. aeruginosa has been included in an article describing pathogens (including Aer.
hydrophila and Aer. veronii) of ulcerated Nile tilapia from Tanzania (Shayo et al.
2012 ), and has been reported as pathogenic for Mozambique tilapia ( Oreochromis
mossambicus) in India (Thomas et al. 2013 ). Infection experiments using 0.1 ml
volumes of high doses (2.4 × 10
8 CFU/ml) resulted in disease with signs including
darkening of the skin, detachment of the scales, fi n necrosis, exophthalmia cataract/
trachoma and blindness, and presence of hemorrhaging on the body surface (Shayo
et al. 2012 ). Pathogenicity was also reported towards Mozambique tilapia (Thomas
et al. 2013 ). Disease control was possible by use of a lime oil nanoemulsion (Thomas
et al. 2013 ) and neem oil nanoemulsion (Mishra et al. 2014 ).