Brennan, L., & Owende, P. (2010). Biofuels from microalgae—A review of technologies for
production, processing, and extractions of biofuels and co-products. Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(2), 557–577.
Carneiro, M. L. N., Pradelle, F., Braga, S. L., Gomes, M. S. P., Martins, A. R. F., Turkovics, F.,
et al. (2017). Potential of biofuels from algae: Comparison with fossil fuels, ethanol and
biodiesel in Europe and Brazil through life cycle assessment (LCA). Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 73, 632–653.
Chen, C. Y., Yeh, K. L., Aisyah, R., Lee, D. J., & Chang, J. S. (2011). Cultivation,
photobioreactor design and harvesting of microalgae for biodiesel production: A critical
review. Bioresource Technology, 102(1), 71–81.
Chew, K. W., Yap, J. Y., Show, P. L., Suan, N. H., Juan, J. C., Ling, T. C., et al. (2017).
Microalgae biorefinery: High value products perspectives. Bioresource Technology, 229,
53–62.
Clarens, A. F., Resurreccion, E. P., White, M. A., & Colosi, L. M. (2010). Environmental life
cycle comparison of algae to other bioenergy feedstocks. Environmental Science and
Technology, 44(5), 1813–1819.
Collotta, M., Champagne, P., Mabee, W., Tomasoni, G., Leite, G. B., Busi, L., et al. (2017).
Comparative LCA of flocculation for the harvesting of microalgae for biofuels production.
Procedia CIRP, 61, 756–760.
Curran, M. A. (2006). Life cycle assessment: Principles and practice. USA: Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA). EPA/600/R-06/060. May 2006.
Department of Energy & Climate Change. (2010). Guidelines to Defra/DECC’s GHG conversion
factors for company reporting. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/
department-of-energy-climate-change. Accessed July 2017.
Deprá, M. C., Zepka, L. Q., & Jacob-Lopes, E. (2017). Life cycle assessment as a fundamental tool
to define the biofuel performance. In Frontiers in bioenergy and biofuels. InTech. https://doi.
org/10.5772/64677.
Dutta, S., Neto, F., & Coelho, M. C. (2016). Microalgae biofuels: A comparative study on
techno-economic analysis & life-cycle assessment. Algal Research, 20, 44–52.
Farooq, W., Suh, W. I., Park, M. S., & Yang, J. W. (2015). Water use and its recycling in
microalgae cultivation for biofuel application. Bioresource Technology, 184, 73–81.
Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D. W., et al. (2007).
Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing. In Climate change 2007. The
physical science basis (Chapter 2).
Garcia, D. J., & You, F. (2015). Supply chain design and optimization: Challenges and
opportunities. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 81, 153–170.
Gnansounou, E., Dauriat, A., Villegas, J., & Panichelli, L. (2009). Life cycle assessment of
biofuels: Energy and greenhouse gas balances. Bioresource Technology, 100(21), 4919–4930.
Guieysse, B., Béchet, Q., & Shilton, A. (2013). Variability and uncertainty in water demand and
water footprint assessments of fresh algae cultivation based on case studies from five climatic
regions. Bioresource Technology, 128, 317–323.
Guo, M., & Murphy, R. J. (2012). LCA data quality: Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Science
of the Total Environment, 435, 230–243.
Hoekstra, A. Y. (2016). A critique on the water-scarcity weighted water footprint in LCA.
Ecological Indicators, 66, 564–573.
ILCD Handbook. (2010). General guide for life cycle assessment—Detailed guidance (1st ed.).
Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Joint Research Centre, European Commission.
ISO—International Standard 14040. (2006). Environmental management—Life cycle assessment.
Principles and framework. Geneva: International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO).
ISO—International Standard 14041. (1998). Environmental management—Life cycle assessment.
Goal and scope definition and Inventory analysis. Geneva: International Organisation for
Standardisation (ISO).
ISO—International Standard 14042. (2000). Environmental management—Life cycle assessment.
Life cycle impact assessment. Geneva: International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO).
6 Life Cycle Assessment of Biofuels from Microalgae
153
production, processing, and extractions of biofuels and co-products. Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(2), 557–577.
Carneiro, M. L. N., Pradelle, F., Braga, S. L., Gomes, M. S. P., Martins, A. R. F., Turkovics, F.,
et al. (2017). Potential of biofuels from algae: Comparison with fossil fuels, ethanol and
biodiesel in Europe and Brazil through life cycle assessment (LCA). Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 73, 632–653.
Chen, C. Y., Yeh, K. L., Aisyah, R., Lee, D. J., & Chang, J. S. (2011). Cultivation,
photobioreactor design and harvesting of microalgae for biodiesel production: A critical
review. Bioresource Technology, 102(1), 71–81.
Chew, K. W., Yap, J. Y., Show, P. L., Suan, N. H., Juan, J. C., Ling, T. C., et al. (2017).
Microalgae biorefinery: High value products perspectives. Bioresource Technology, 229,
53–62.
Clarens, A. F., Resurreccion, E. P., White, M. A., & Colosi, L. M. (2010). Environmental life
cycle comparison of algae to other bioenergy feedstocks. Environmental Science and
Technology, 44(5), 1813–1819.
Collotta, M., Champagne, P., Mabee, W., Tomasoni, G., Leite, G. B., Busi, L., et al. (2017).
Comparative LCA of flocculation for the harvesting of microalgae for biofuels production.
Procedia CIRP, 61, 756–760.
Curran, M. A. (2006). Life cycle assessment: Principles and practice. USA: Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA). EPA/600/R-06/060. May 2006.
Department of Energy & Climate Change. (2010). Guidelines to Defra/DECC’s GHG conversion
factors for company reporting. Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/
department-of-energy-climate-change. Accessed July 2017.
Deprá, M. C., Zepka, L. Q., & Jacob-Lopes, E. (2017). Life cycle assessment as a fundamental tool
to define the biofuel performance. In Frontiers in bioenergy and biofuels. InTech. https://doi.
org/10.5772/64677.
Dutta, S., Neto, F., & Coelho, M. C. (2016). Microalgae biofuels: A comparative study on
techno-economic analysis & life-cycle assessment. Algal Research, 20, 44–52.
Farooq, W., Suh, W. I., Park, M. S., & Yang, J. W. (2015). Water use and its recycling in
microalgae cultivation for biofuel application. Bioresource Technology, 184, 73–81.
Forster, P., Ramaswamy, V., Artaxo, P., Berntsen, T., Betts, R., Fahey, D. W., et al. (2007).
Changes in atmospheric constituents and in radiative forcing. In Climate change 2007. The
physical science basis (Chapter 2).
Garcia, D. J., & You, F. (2015). Supply chain design and optimization: Challenges and
opportunities. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 81, 153–170.
Gnansounou, E., Dauriat, A., Villegas, J., & Panichelli, L. (2009). Life cycle assessment of
biofuels: Energy and greenhouse gas balances. Bioresource Technology, 100(21), 4919–4930.
Guieysse, B., Béchet, Q., & Shilton, A. (2013). Variability and uncertainty in water demand and
water footprint assessments of fresh algae cultivation based on case studies from five climatic
regions. Bioresource Technology, 128, 317–323.
Guo, M., & Murphy, R. J. (2012). LCA data quality: Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis. Science
of the Total Environment, 435, 230–243.
Hoekstra, A. Y. (2016). A critique on the water-scarcity weighted water footprint in LCA.
Ecological Indicators, 66, 564–573.
ILCD Handbook. (2010). General guide for life cycle assessment—Detailed guidance (1st ed.).
Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Joint Research Centre, European Commission.
ISO—International Standard 14040. (2006). Environmental management—Life cycle assessment.
Principles and framework. Geneva: International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO).
ISO—International Standard 14041. (1998). Environmental management—Life cycle assessment.
Goal and scope definition and Inventory analysis. Geneva: International Organisation for
Standardisation (ISO).
ISO—International Standard 14042. (2000). Environmental management—Life cycle assessment.
Life cycle impact assessment. Geneva: International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO).
6 Life Cycle Assessment of Biofuels from Microalgae
153