Elizabeth
15
20
35
30
25
20
24-Mar 02-Jul 10-Oct 18-Jan 28-Apr
Oceanic
Oceanic
30°S
19°S
Coastal
Mid-shelf
06-Aug 14-Nov
15
A M J J A S O
Month-northern hemisphere
a
b
c
90°
100
200
300
Total radiation (E.m –2
.d –1
)
400
60°
30°
0°
N D J F M
O N D J F M A
Month-southern hemisphere
M J J A S
25
30
Temperature (°C)
Temperature (°C)
35
Bermuda
Heron Island
Ningaloo
Oahu
Davies Reef
Bahamas
Fiji
Oman
Puerto Rico
Glovers Reef
Seychelles
Enewetok
Maldives
Guam
Palau
American Samoa
Corals: Environmental Controls on Growth, Figure 2 Global and regional variability in reef environments. (a) Seasonal variability
in daily irradiance at the sea surface at latitudes indicated (modified from an original figure by Beer, 1997). (b) Annual
temperature variation in sea-surface temperatures at a global selection of coral reefs. Source: Elizabeth Reef – Data Centre,
Australian Institute of Marine Science, http://www.aims.gov.au/docs/data-centre/seatemperatures.html. Remainder: NOAA “Coral
ReefWatch” http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/sst_series_24reefs.html. (c) Seasonal variability in sea-surface
temperature at reefs at two latitudes on the east coast of Australia. Coastal temperatures are most volatile, and oceanic temperatures
are the least.
CORALS: ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS ON GROWTH
285
15
20
35
30
25
20
24-Mar 02-Jul 10-Oct 18-Jan 28-Apr
Oceanic
Oceanic
30°S
19°S
Coastal
Mid-shelf
06-Aug 14-Nov
15
A M J J A S O
Month-northern hemisphere
a
b
c
90°
100
200
300
Total radiation (E.m –2
.d –1
)
400
60°
30°
0°
N D J F M
O N D J F M A
Month-southern hemisphere
M J J A S
25
30
Temperature (°C)
Temperature (°C)
35
Bermuda
Heron Island
Ningaloo
Oahu
Davies Reef
Bahamas
Fiji
Oman
Puerto Rico
Glovers Reef
Seychelles
Enewetok
Maldives
Guam
Palau
American Samoa
Corals: Environmental Controls on Growth, Figure 2 Global and regional variability in reef environments. (a) Seasonal variability
in daily irradiance at the sea surface at latitudes indicated (modified from an original figure by Beer, 1997). (b) Annual
temperature variation in sea-surface temperatures at a global selection of coral reefs. Source: Elizabeth Reef – Data Centre,
Australian Institute of Marine Science, http://www.aims.gov.au/docs/data-centre/seatemperatures.html. Remainder: NOAA “Coral
ReefWatch” http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/sst_series_24reefs.html. (c) Seasonal variability in sea-surface
temperature at reefs at two latitudes on the east coast of Australia. Coastal temperatures are most volatile, and oceanic temperatures
are the least.
CORALS: ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS ON GROWTH
285