Glossary
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Local alignment Sequence alignment which focuses on matching part of one
sequence with part of another.
MAGE-TAB A data format used to transfer microarray data to public
repositories (e.g. ArrayExpress). The MAGE-TAB format consists mainly of
spread sheets, which can be represented as tabulator- or comma-separated
files.
MAS Marker-Assisted Selection; Selection of a genetic determinant of a trait of
interest (e.g. productivity, disease resistance and quality) through the use of a marker
(morphological, biochemical or one based on DNA/RNA variation).
MA-plot A certain kind of scatter-plot commonly used for microarray analysis where the intensity measurements from microarrays are transformed in
a special way. The x-axis corresponds to the absolute intensity of the spot
(A-value), the y-axis corresponds to a measure of differential expression
(M-value).
Match position with identical bases or amino acids in a sequence alignment.
Mate-pair paired reads of the two ends of a cloned DNA molecule. Mate-pairs are
often used by genome assembly programs to orient and order contigs, taking into
account the distance between the ends of the DNA molecule and the orientation
relationship of the sequences.
MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex; A large genomic region playing
an important role in the immune system, autoimmunity and reproductive
success.
MDA Multiple displacement amplification. Isothermal DNA amplification method
using random hexamers and the DNA polymerase of bacteriophage φ29.
Metabolomics High throughput analysis of the metabolites present in a cell type,
a tissue or an organism and the modifications to metabolite pools under different
conditions.
Metagenomics (or environmental sequencing) Application of genomic analysis, particularly high-throughput sequencing to environmental samples such as
uncultured microbial communities.
Metatranscriptomics Global analysis, usually by sequencing, of the expressed
genetic information (gene transcripts) produced by the collection of organisms in
an ecosystem.
MIAME Minimal Information About a Microarray Experiment. MIAME is a recommendation that was established by a joint group of microarray experts (the
Microarray and Gene Expression Data society or MGED) and describes the minimal requirements for data and information thata submission to a public microarray
database should contain. The aim is to make microarray data understandable and
reproducible.
383
Local alignment Sequence alignment which focuses on matching part of one
sequence with part of another.
MAGE-TAB A data format used to transfer microarray data to public
repositories (e.g. ArrayExpress). The MAGE-TAB format consists mainly of
spread sheets, which can be represented as tabulator- or comma-separated
files.
MAS Marker-Assisted Selection; Selection of a genetic determinant of a trait of
interest (e.g. productivity, disease resistance and quality) through the use of a marker
(morphological, biochemical or one based on DNA/RNA variation).
MA-plot A certain kind of scatter-plot commonly used for microarray analysis where the intensity measurements from microarrays are transformed in
a special way. The x-axis corresponds to the absolute intensity of the spot
(A-value), the y-axis corresponds to a measure of differential expression
(M-value).
Match position with identical bases or amino acids in a sequence alignment.
Mate-pair paired reads of the two ends of a cloned DNA molecule. Mate-pairs are
often used by genome assembly programs to orient and order contigs, taking into
account the distance between the ends of the DNA molecule and the orientation
relationship of the sequences.
MHC Major Histocompatibility Complex; A large genomic region playing
an important role in the immune system, autoimmunity and reproductive
success.
MDA Multiple displacement amplification. Isothermal DNA amplification method
using random hexamers and the DNA polymerase of bacteriophage φ29.
Metabolomics High throughput analysis of the metabolites present in a cell type,
a tissue or an organism and the modifications to metabolite pools under different
conditions.
Metagenomics (or environmental sequencing) Application of genomic analysis, particularly high-throughput sequencing to environmental samples such as
uncultured microbial communities.
Metatranscriptomics Global analysis, usually by sequencing, of the expressed
genetic information (gene transcripts) produced by the collection of organisms in
an ecosystem.
MIAME Minimal Information About a Microarray Experiment. MIAME is a recommendation that was established by a joint group of microarray experts (the
Microarray and Gene Expression Data society or MGED) and describes the minimal requirements for data and information thata submission to a public microarray
database should contain. The aim is to make microarray data understandable and
reproducible.