Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program
of China (973 Program) (2010CB126405), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2006AA09Z441), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(30871911).
References
Addadi L, Weiner S (1985) Interactions between acidic proteins and crystals: stereochemical
requirements in biomineralization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:4110–4114
Addadi L, Weiner S (1997) Biomineralization: a pavement of pearl. Nature 389:912–915
Addadi L, Joester D, Nudelman F, Weiner S (2006) Mollusk shell formation: a source of new
concepts for understanding biomineralization processes. Chem Eur J 12:981–987
Aksay IA, Trau M, Manne S, Honma I, Yao N, Zhou L, Fenter P, Eisenberger PM, Gruner SM
(1996) Biomimetic pathways for assembling inorganic thin films. Science 273:892–898
Albeck S, Addadi L, Weiner S (1996) Regulation of calcite crystal morphology by intracrystalline
acidic proteins and glycoproteins. Connect Tissue Res 35:365–370
Balmain J, Hannoyer B, Lopez E (1999) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and
X-ray diffraction analyses of mineral and organic matrix during heating of mother of pearl
(nacre) from the shell of the mollusc Pinctada maxima. J Biomed Mater Res 48:749–754
Belcher AM, Wu XH, Christensen RJ, Hansma PK, Stucky GD, Morse DE (1996) Control of
crystal phase switching and orientation by soluble mollusc-shell proteins. Nature 381:56–58
Bevelander G, Nakahara H (1969) An electron microscope study of the formation of the nacreous
layer in the shell of certain bivalve molluscs. Calcif Tissue Int 3:84–92
Bezares J, Asaro RJ, Hawley M (2008) Macromolecular structure of the organic framework of
nacre in Haliotis rufescens: implications for growth and mechanical behavior. J Struct Biol
163:61–75
Blank S, Arnoldi M, Khoshnavaz S, Treccani L, Kuntz M, Mann K, Grathwohl G, Fritz M (2003)
The nacre protein perlucin nucleates growth of calcium carbonate crystals. J Microsc Oxf
212:280–291
Bork P (1991) Shuffled domains in extracellular proteins. FEBS Lett 286:47–54
Checa AG, Rodriguez-Navarro AB (2005) Self-organisation of nacre in the shells of Pterioida
(Bivalvia: Mollusca). Biomaterials 26:1071–1079
Checa AG, Okamoto T, Ramirez J (2006) Organization pattern of nacre in Pteriidae (Bivalvia:
Mollusca) explained by crystal competition. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 273:1329–1337
Choi CS, Kim YW (2000) A study of the correlation between organic matrices and nanocomposite
materials in oyster shell formation. Biomaterials 21:213–222
Cusack M, Freer A (2008) Biomineralization: elemental and organic influence in carbonate
systems. Chem Rev Wash DC 108:4433–4454
Dauphin Y, Ball AD, Cotte M, Cuif JP, Meibom A, Salome ´ M, Susini J, Williams CT (2008)
Structure and composition of the nacre-prisms transition in the shell of Pinctada margaritifera
(Mollusca, Bivalvia). Anal Bioanal Chem 390(6):1659–1669
Erben HK (1972) €
Uber die bildung und das wachstum von perlmutt. Biomineralization 4:16–46
Evans JS (2008) “Tuning in” to mollusk shell nacre- and prismatic-associated protein terminal
sequences: implications for biomineralization and the construction of high performance inorganic-organic composites. Chem Rev (Washington DC) 108:4455–4462
Falini G, Albeck S, Weiner S, Addadi L (1996) Control of aragonite or calcite polymorphism by
mollusk shell macromolecules. Science 271:67–69
Falini G, Weiner S, Addadi L (2003) Chitin-silk fibroin interactions: relevance to calcium
carbonate formation in invertebrates. Calcif Tissue Int 72:548–554
Fang Z, Feng Q, Chi Y, Xie L, Zhang R (2008) Investigation of cell proliferation and differentiation in the mantle of Pinctada fucata (Bivalve, Mollusca). Mar Biol 153:745–754
348
L.-p. Xie et al.
of China (973 Program) (2010CB126405), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2006AA09Z441), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China
(30871911).
References
Addadi L, Weiner S (1985) Interactions between acidic proteins and crystals: stereochemical
requirements in biomineralization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82:4110–4114
Addadi L, Weiner S (1997) Biomineralization: a pavement of pearl. Nature 389:912–915
Addadi L, Joester D, Nudelman F, Weiner S (2006) Mollusk shell formation: a source of new
concepts for understanding biomineralization processes. Chem Eur J 12:981–987
Aksay IA, Trau M, Manne S, Honma I, Yao N, Zhou L, Fenter P, Eisenberger PM, Gruner SM
(1996) Biomimetic pathways for assembling inorganic thin films. Science 273:892–898
Albeck S, Addadi L, Weiner S (1996) Regulation of calcite crystal morphology by intracrystalline
acidic proteins and glycoproteins. Connect Tissue Res 35:365–370
Balmain J, Hannoyer B, Lopez E (1999) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and
X-ray diffraction analyses of mineral and organic matrix during heating of mother of pearl
(nacre) from the shell of the mollusc Pinctada maxima. J Biomed Mater Res 48:749–754
Belcher AM, Wu XH, Christensen RJ, Hansma PK, Stucky GD, Morse DE (1996) Control of
crystal phase switching and orientation by soluble mollusc-shell proteins. Nature 381:56–58
Bevelander G, Nakahara H (1969) An electron microscope study of the formation of the nacreous
layer in the shell of certain bivalve molluscs. Calcif Tissue Int 3:84–92
Bezares J, Asaro RJ, Hawley M (2008) Macromolecular structure of the organic framework of
nacre in Haliotis rufescens: implications for growth and mechanical behavior. J Struct Biol
163:61–75
Blank S, Arnoldi M, Khoshnavaz S, Treccani L, Kuntz M, Mann K, Grathwohl G, Fritz M (2003)
The nacre protein perlucin nucleates growth of calcium carbonate crystals. J Microsc Oxf
212:280–291
Bork P (1991) Shuffled domains in extracellular proteins. FEBS Lett 286:47–54
Checa AG, Rodriguez-Navarro AB (2005) Self-organisation of nacre in the shells of Pterioida
(Bivalvia: Mollusca). Biomaterials 26:1071–1079
Checa AG, Okamoto T, Ramirez J (2006) Organization pattern of nacre in Pteriidae (Bivalvia:
Mollusca) explained by crystal competition. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 273:1329–1337
Choi CS, Kim YW (2000) A study of the correlation between organic matrices and nanocomposite
materials in oyster shell formation. Biomaterials 21:213–222
Cusack M, Freer A (2008) Biomineralization: elemental and organic influence in carbonate
systems. Chem Rev Wash DC 108:4433–4454
Dauphin Y, Ball AD, Cotte M, Cuif JP, Meibom A, Salome ´ M, Susini J, Williams CT (2008)
Structure and composition of the nacre-prisms transition in the shell of Pinctada margaritifera
(Mollusca, Bivalvia). Anal Bioanal Chem 390(6):1659–1669
Erben HK (1972) €
Uber die bildung und das wachstum von perlmutt. Biomineralization 4:16–46
Evans JS (2008) “Tuning in” to mollusk shell nacre- and prismatic-associated protein terminal
sequences: implications for biomineralization and the construction of high performance inorganic-organic composites. Chem Rev (Washington DC) 108:4455–4462
Falini G, Albeck S, Weiner S, Addadi L (1996) Control of aragonite or calcite polymorphism by
mollusk shell macromolecules. Science 271:67–69
Falini G, Weiner S, Addadi L (2003) Chitin-silk fibroin interactions: relevance to calcium
carbonate formation in invertebrates. Calcif Tissue Int 72:548–554
Fang Z, Feng Q, Chi Y, Xie L, Zhang R (2008) Investigation of cell proliferation and differentiation in the mantle of Pinctada fucata (Bivalve, Mollusca). Mar Biol 153:745–754
348
L.-p. Xie et al.