Cornell RM, Schwertmann U (2003) The Iron Oxides. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmBH & Co. KGaA,
Weinheim
de Nooijer LJ, Toyofuku T, Kitazato H (2009) Foraminifera promote calcification by elevating
their intracellular pH. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:15374–15378
Devouard B, Po ´sfai M, Hua X, Bazylinski DA, Frankel RB, Buseck PR (1998) Magnetite from
magnetotactic bacteria: Size distributions and twinning. Am Miner 83:1387–1398
Dubbels BL, DiSpirito AA, Morton JD, Semrau JD, Neto JNE, Bazylinski DA (2004) Evidence for
a copper-dependent iron transport system in the marine, magnetotactic bacterium strain MV-1.
Microbiology 150:2931–2945
Dunin-Borkowski RE, McCartney MR, Frankel RB, Bazylinski DA, Po ´sfai M, Buseck PR (1998)
Magnetic microstructure of magnetotactic bacteria by electron holography. Science
282:1868–1870
Dunlop DJ, O ¨ zdemir O (1997) Rock magnetism: fundamentals and frontiers. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Escolar L, Perez-Martin J, De Lorenzo V (1999) Opening the iron box: transcriptional metalloregulation by the fur protein. J Bacteriol 181:6223–6229
Faivre D, Sch€ uler D (2008) Magnetotactic bacteria and magnetosomes. Chem Rev 108:4875–4898
Faivre D, Agrinier P, Menguy N, Zuddas P, Pachana K, Gloter A, Laval J-Y, Guyot F (2004)
Mineralogical and isotopic properties of inorganic nanocrystalline magnetites. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 68:4395–4403
Faivre D, B€ ottger LH, Matzanke BF, Sch€ uler D (2007) Intracellular magnetite biomineralization
in bacteria proceeds by a distinct pathway involving membrane-bound ferritin and an iron(II)
species. Angew Chem Int Ed 46:8495–8499
Faivre D, Menguy N, Po ´sfai M, Sch€ uler D (2008) Effects of environmental parameters on the
physical properties of fast-growing magnetosomes. Am Mineral 93:463–469
Farina M, Esquivel DMS, Lins de Barros H (1990) Magnetic iron-sulphur crystals from a
magnetotactic microorganism. Nature 343:256–258
Fischer A, Schmitz M, Aichmayer B, Fratzl P, Faivre D (2011) Structural purity of magnetite
nanoparticles in magnetotactic bacteria. J R Soc Interface 8:1011–1018
Flies CB, Jonkers HM, de Beer D, Bosselmann K, B€ ottcher ME, Sch€ uler D (2005) Diversity and
vertical distribution of magnetotactic bacteria along chemical gradients in freshwater
microcosms. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 52:185–195
Frankel RB, Bazylinski DA (2003) Biologically induced mineralization by bacteria. Rev Mineral
Geochem 54:95–114
Frankel RB, Blakemore RP (1991) Iron Biominerals. Plenum Press, New York and London
Frankel RB, Blakemore R, Wolfe RS (1979) Magnetite in freshwater magnetotactic bacteria.
Science 203:1355–1356
Frankel RB, Papaefthymiou GC, Blakemore RP, O’Brien W (1983) Fe 3 O 4 precipitation in
magnetotactic bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta 763:147–159
Frankel RB, Bazylinski DA, Johnson MS, Taylor BL (1997) Magneto-aerotaxis in marine coccoid
bacteria. Biophy J 73:994–1000
Frankel RB, Williams TJ, Bazylinski DA (2007) Magneto-Aerotaxis. In: Sch€ uler D (ed)
Magnetoreception and magnetosomes in bacteria. Springer, Heidelberg
Gorby YA, Beveridge TJ, Blakemore R (1988) Characterization of the bacterial magnetosome
membrane. J Bacteriol 170:834–841
Gr€ unberg K, M€ uller EC, Otto A, Reszka R, Linder D, Kube M, Reinhardt R, Sch€ uler D (2004)
Biochemical and proteomic analysis of the magnetosome membrane in Magnetospirillum
gryphiswaldense. Appl Eviron Microbiol 70:1040–1050
Heyen U, Sch€ uler D (2003) Growth and magnetosome formation by microaerophilic Magnetospirillum strains in an oxygen-controlled fermentor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 61:536–544
Isambert A, Menguy N, Larquet E, Guyot F, Valet J-P (2007) Transmission electron microscopy
study of magnetites in a freshwater population of magnetotactic bacteria. Am Mineral
92:621–630
1 Magnetite Biomineralization in Bacteria
23
Weinheim
de Nooijer LJ, Toyofuku T, Kitazato H (2009) Foraminifera promote calcification by elevating
their intracellular pH. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:15374–15378
Devouard B, Po ´sfai M, Hua X, Bazylinski DA, Frankel RB, Buseck PR (1998) Magnetite from
magnetotactic bacteria: Size distributions and twinning. Am Miner 83:1387–1398
Dubbels BL, DiSpirito AA, Morton JD, Semrau JD, Neto JNE, Bazylinski DA (2004) Evidence for
a copper-dependent iron transport system in the marine, magnetotactic bacterium strain MV-1.
Microbiology 150:2931–2945
Dunin-Borkowski RE, McCartney MR, Frankel RB, Bazylinski DA, Po ´sfai M, Buseck PR (1998)
Magnetic microstructure of magnetotactic bacteria by electron holography. Science
282:1868–1870
Dunlop DJ, O ¨ zdemir O (1997) Rock magnetism: fundamentals and frontiers. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Escolar L, Perez-Martin J, De Lorenzo V (1999) Opening the iron box: transcriptional metalloregulation by the fur protein. J Bacteriol 181:6223–6229
Faivre D, Sch€ uler D (2008) Magnetotactic bacteria and magnetosomes. Chem Rev 108:4875–4898
Faivre D, Agrinier P, Menguy N, Zuddas P, Pachana K, Gloter A, Laval J-Y, Guyot F (2004)
Mineralogical and isotopic properties of inorganic nanocrystalline magnetites. Geochim
Cosmochim Acta 68:4395–4403
Faivre D, B€ ottger LH, Matzanke BF, Sch€ uler D (2007) Intracellular magnetite biomineralization
in bacteria proceeds by a distinct pathway involving membrane-bound ferritin and an iron(II)
species. Angew Chem Int Ed 46:8495–8499
Faivre D, Menguy N, Po ´sfai M, Sch€ uler D (2008) Effects of environmental parameters on the
physical properties of fast-growing magnetosomes. Am Mineral 93:463–469
Farina M, Esquivel DMS, Lins de Barros H (1990) Magnetic iron-sulphur crystals from a
magnetotactic microorganism. Nature 343:256–258
Fischer A, Schmitz M, Aichmayer B, Fratzl P, Faivre D (2011) Structural purity of magnetite
nanoparticles in magnetotactic bacteria. J R Soc Interface 8:1011–1018
Flies CB, Jonkers HM, de Beer D, Bosselmann K, B€ ottcher ME, Sch€ uler D (2005) Diversity and
vertical distribution of magnetotactic bacteria along chemical gradients in freshwater
microcosms. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 52:185–195
Frankel RB, Bazylinski DA (2003) Biologically induced mineralization by bacteria. Rev Mineral
Geochem 54:95–114
Frankel RB, Blakemore RP (1991) Iron Biominerals. Plenum Press, New York and London
Frankel RB, Blakemore R, Wolfe RS (1979) Magnetite in freshwater magnetotactic bacteria.
Science 203:1355–1356
Frankel RB, Papaefthymiou GC, Blakemore RP, O’Brien W (1983) Fe 3 O 4 precipitation in
magnetotactic bacteria. Biochim Biophys Acta 763:147–159
Frankel RB, Bazylinski DA, Johnson MS, Taylor BL (1997) Magneto-aerotaxis in marine coccoid
bacteria. Biophy J 73:994–1000
Frankel RB, Williams TJ, Bazylinski DA (2007) Magneto-Aerotaxis. In: Sch€ uler D (ed)
Magnetoreception and magnetosomes in bacteria. Springer, Heidelberg
Gorby YA, Beveridge TJ, Blakemore R (1988) Characterization of the bacterial magnetosome
membrane. J Bacteriol 170:834–841
Gr€ unberg K, M€ uller EC, Otto A, Reszka R, Linder D, Kube M, Reinhardt R, Sch€ uler D (2004)
Biochemical and proteomic analysis of the magnetosome membrane in Magnetospirillum
gryphiswaldense. Appl Eviron Microbiol 70:1040–1050
Heyen U, Sch€ uler D (2003) Growth and magnetosome formation by microaerophilic Magnetospirillum strains in an oxygen-controlled fermentor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 61:536–544
Isambert A, Menguy N, Larquet E, Guyot F, Valet J-P (2007) Transmission electron microscopy
study of magnetites in a freshwater population of magnetotactic bacteria. Am Mineral
92:621–630
1 Magnetite Biomineralization in Bacteria
23