including specific servitudes granted to individuals
or whole landlocked States (U.N., 1982) as well as special
tools for land acquisition, or even the abstract characterization of the coast as public domain (Spanish Coastal Act).
Competing coastal uses
Coastal areas have long been the target of oftenconflicting needs of human communities. In an attempt
to settle competing demands, some coastal rights have
become the object of reinforced protection, giving rise to
the distinction between exclusionary and public uses.
While exclusionary uses are those that limit or impede
activities from others, public uses might be widely defined
as rights equally and freely recognized by all citizens insofar as they do not hinder the rights of others. In turn,
amidst public uses, those characterized by particular
circumstances of risk or intensity are called special, in
contrast to general ones (Parada, 2007).
Bibliography
North Caroline General Assembly, 1982. General Statutes of North
Carolina (G.S. 1–45.1.26). Raleigh: North Carolina General
Assembly.
Parada, R., 2007. Derecho Administrativo III: Bienes Pu ´blicos.
Madrid: Marcial Pons.
United Nations, 1982. United Nations Convention on the Law of the
Sea. New York: United Nations.
500
PUBLIC TRUST RIGHTS