26
Lars Chittka and Adriana Briscoe
Apis mellifera UV*
Camponotus abdomina/is UV
Drosophila melanogaster Rh3*
Drosophila melanogaster Rh4*
Papilio glaucus PgiRhS
Manduca sexta Manop2
.-----Drosophila melanogaster RhSt
Manduca sexta Manop3
Papilio glaucus Pg1Rh6
Apis mellifera blue*
Schistocerca gregaria 2
uv
Blue
Hemigrapsus sanguineus BcRhit l
Hemigrapsus sanguine us BcRh2t Bluegreen
Drosophila melanogaster Rh2*
Drosophila melanogster Rhl *
. . . - - - - - - - - - Procambarus milleri
Limulus polyphemus It
Limulus polyphemus 2t
I--------Drosophila me/anogaster Rh6
Papilio xuthus PxRhl t
Papilio xuthus PxRh3t
Papilio xuthus PxRh2t
Manduca sexta Manopl
L....----Papilio glaucus Pg1Rh4
Schistocerca gregaria 1
Sphodromantis
Apis mellifera L W
Camponotus abdomina/is L W
Longwave
length
Fig. 2. Phylogeny of insect, chelicerate and crustacean opsins, based upon a maximum
parsimony analysis of opsin amino acid sequences. Tree shown is simplified from the
analysis of a larger data set of 54 opsin sequences (Briscoe 1998b ). Only representative
species from available orders or suborders are shown. Brackets indicate measured (single
asterix) or inferred (cross) spectral properties of the visual pigments in each clade.
Inferred spectral properties are based upon in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry