Electric Fields and Electroreception
329
Paulin MG (1995) Electroreception and the compass sense of sharks. J theor Bioi
174: 325-339
Peters RC, Meek J (1973) Catfish and electric fields. Experientia 29: 299-300
Rasnow B (1996) The effects of simple objects on the electric field of
Apteronotus. J Comp Physiol A 178: 397-411
Scheich H, Bullock TH, Hamstra RHJ (1973) Coding properties of two classes of
afferent nerve fibers: High-frequency receptors in the electric fish,
Eigenmannia. J Neurophysiol 36: 39-60
Schwan HP (1963) Determination of biological impedances. In: Nastuk WL (ed)
Physical Techniques in Biological Research. Academic Press, New York, pp
323-407
Stoddard PK (1999) Predation enhances complexity in the evolution of electric
signals. Nature 400: 254-256
Szabo T, Fessard A (1974) Physiology of Electroreceptors. In: Fessard A (ed)
Handbook of Sensory Physiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp
59-124
von der Emde G (1990) Discrimination of objects through electrolocation in the
weakly electric fish, Gnathonemus petersii. J Comp Physiol A 167: 413-421
von der Emde G (1998) Capacitance detection in the wave-type electric fish
Eigenmannia during active electrolocation. J Comp Physiol A 182: 217-224
von der Emde G, Bleckmann H (1997) Wave form tuning of electroreceptor cells
in the weakly electric fish, Gnathonemus petersii. J Camp Physiol A 181: 511524
von der Emde G, Bleckmann H (1998) Finding food: Senses involved in foraging
for insect larvae in the electric fish, Gnathonemus petersii. J Exp Bioi 201:
969-980
von der Emde G, Ringer T (1992) Electrolocation of capacitive objects in four
species of pulse-type weakly electric fish. I. Discrimination performance.
Ethology 91: 326-338
von der Emde G, Schwarz S, Gomez L, Budelli R, Grant K (1998) Electric fish
measure distance in the dark. Nature 395: 890-894
Westby GWM (1988) The ecology, discharge diversity and predatory behaviour
of gymnotiform electric fish in the coastal streams of French Guiana. Behav
Ecol Sociobiol 22: 341-354
329
Paulin MG (1995) Electroreception and the compass sense of sharks. J theor Bioi
174: 325-339
Peters RC, Meek J (1973) Catfish and electric fields. Experientia 29: 299-300
Rasnow B (1996) The effects of simple objects on the electric field of
Apteronotus. J Comp Physiol A 178: 397-411
Scheich H, Bullock TH, Hamstra RHJ (1973) Coding properties of two classes of
afferent nerve fibers: High-frequency receptors in the electric fish,
Eigenmannia. J Neurophysiol 36: 39-60
Schwan HP (1963) Determination of biological impedances. In: Nastuk WL (ed)
Physical Techniques in Biological Research. Academic Press, New York, pp
323-407
Stoddard PK (1999) Predation enhances complexity in the evolution of electric
signals. Nature 400: 254-256
Szabo T, Fessard A (1974) Physiology of Electroreceptors. In: Fessard A (ed)
Handbook of Sensory Physiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp
59-124
von der Emde G (1990) Discrimination of objects through electrolocation in the
weakly electric fish, Gnathonemus petersii. J Comp Physiol A 167: 413-421
von der Emde G (1998) Capacitance detection in the wave-type electric fish
Eigenmannia during active electrolocation. J Comp Physiol A 182: 217-224
von der Emde G, Bleckmann H (1997) Wave form tuning of electroreceptor cells
in the weakly electric fish, Gnathonemus petersii. J Camp Physiol A 181: 511524
von der Emde G, Bleckmann H (1998) Finding food: Senses involved in foraging
for insect larvae in the electric fish, Gnathonemus petersii. J Exp Bioi 201:
969-980
von der Emde G, Ringer T (1992) Electrolocation of capacitive objects in four
species of pulse-type weakly electric fish. I. Discrimination performance.
Ethology 91: 326-338
von der Emde G, Schwarz S, Gomez L, Budelli R, Grant K (1998) Electric fish
measure distance in the dark. Nature 395: 890-894
Westby GWM (1988) The ecology, discharge diversity and predatory behaviour
of gymnotiform electric fish in the coastal streams of French Guiana. Behav
Ecol Sociobiol 22: 341-354
