The Geomagnetic Field and its Role in Directional Orientation
311
Rappl R, Wiltschko R, Weindler P, Berthold P, Wiltschko W (2000) Orientation
behavior of Garden Warblers, Sylvia borin, under monochromatic light of
various wavelengths. Auk 117:256-260
Ritz T, Adem S, Schulten K (2000) A model for vision-based magnetoreception in
birds. Biophysic J 78:707-718
Salmon M, Wynecken J (1994) Orientation by hatchling sea turtles: mechanisms
and implications. Herpetol Nat Hist 2:13-24
Schmitt DE, Esch HE (1993) Magnetic orientation of honeybees in the laboratory.
Naturwissenschaften 80:41-43
Schneider T, Thalau HP, Semm P, Wiltschko W (1994) Melatonin is crucial for
the migratory orientation of Pied Flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca Pallas). J Exp
Bioi 194:255-262
Schulten K, Windemuth A (1986) Model for a physiological magnetic compass.
In: Maret G, Boccara N, Kiepenheuer J (eds) Biophysical Effects of Steady
Magnetic Fields. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 99-106
Semm P, Beason RC (1990) Responses to small magnetic variations by the
trigeminal system ofthe Bobolink. Brain Res Bull25:735-740
Semm P, Demaine C (1986) Neurophysiological properties of magnetic cells in
the pigeon's visual system. J Comp Physiol A 159:619-625
Semm P, Nohr D, Demaine C, Wiltschko W (1984) Neural basis of the magnetic
compass: interaction of visual, magnetic and vestibular inputs in the pigeon's
brain. J Comp Physiol A 155:283-288
Shcherbakov VP, Winklhofer M (1999) The osmotic magnetometer: a new model
for magnetite-based magnetoreceptors in animals. Eur Biophys J 28:380-392
Skiles DD (1985) The geomagnetic field: its nature, history, and biological
relevance. In: Kirschvink JL, Jones DS, MacFadden BJ (eds) Magnetite
Biomineralization and Magnetoreception in Organisms. Plenum, New York, pp
43-102
Ugolini A, Pardi L (1992) Equatorial sandhoppers do not have a good clock.
Naturwissenschaften 79:279-281
Ugolini A, Felicioni S, Macchi T (1991) Orientation in the water and learning in
Talitrus saltator Montagu. J Exp Mar Bioi Ecol151 :113-119
Walker MM, Diebel CE, Haugh CV, Pankhurst PM, Montgomery JC, Green CR
(1997) Structure and function of the vertebrate magnetic sense. Nature 390:371376
Wallraff HG (1974) Das Navigationssystem der Vogel. Schriftenreihe
"Kybemetik", R Oldenbourg, Mlinchen Wien
Wehner R (1984) Astronavigation in insects. Ann Rev Entomol29:277-298
Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W (1978) Evidence for the use of magnetic outwardjourney information in homing pigeons. Naturwissenschaften 65:112
Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W ( 1990) Zur Entwicklung des SonnenkompaB bei
jungen Brieftauben. J Omithol 131: 1-20
Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W (1995) Magnetic Orientation in Animals. Springer,
Berlin Heidelberg New York
Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W (1998) Pigeon homing: effect of various wavelengths
of light during displacement. Naturwissenschaften 85: 164-167
311
Rappl R, Wiltschko R, Weindler P, Berthold P, Wiltschko W (2000) Orientation
behavior of Garden Warblers, Sylvia borin, under monochromatic light of
various wavelengths. Auk 117:256-260
Ritz T, Adem S, Schulten K (2000) A model for vision-based magnetoreception in
birds. Biophysic J 78:707-718
Salmon M, Wynecken J (1994) Orientation by hatchling sea turtles: mechanisms
and implications. Herpetol Nat Hist 2:13-24
Schmitt DE, Esch HE (1993) Magnetic orientation of honeybees in the laboratory.
Naturwissenschaften 80:41-43
Schneider T, Thalau HP, Semm P, Wiltschko W (1994) Melatonin is crucial for
the migratory orientation of Pied Flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca Pallas). J Exp
Bioi 194:255-262
Schulten K, Windemuth A (1986) Model for a physiological magnetic compass.
In: Maret G, Boccara N, Kiepenheuer J (eds) Biophysical Effects of Steady
Magnetic Fields. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 99-106
Semm P, Beason RC (1990) Responses to small magnetic variations by the
trigeminal system ofthe Bobolink. Brain Res Bull25:735-740
Semm P, Demaine C (1986) Neurophysiological properties of magnetic cells in
the pigeon's visual system. J Comp Physiol A 159:619-625
Semm P, Nohr D, Demaine C, Wiltschko W (1984) Neural basis of the magnetic
compass: interaction of visual, magnetic and vestibular inputs in the pigeon's
brain. J Comp Physiol A 155:283-288
Shcherbakov VP, Winklhofer M (1999) The osmotic magnetometer: a new model
for magnetite-based magnetoreceptors in animals. Eur Biophys J 28:380-392
Skiles DD (1985) The geomagnetic field: its nature, history, and biological
relevance. In: Kirschvink JL, Jones DS, MacFadden BJ (eds) Magnetite
Biomineralization and Magnetoreception in Organisms. Plenum, New York, pp
43-102
Ugolini A, Pardi L (1992) Equatorial sandhoppers do not have a good clock.
Naturwissenschaften 79:279-281
Ugolini A, Felicioni S, Macchi T (1991) Orientation in the water and learning in
Talitrus saltator Montagu. J Exp Mar Bioi Ecol151 :113-119
Walker MM, Diebel CE, Haugh CV, Pankhurst PM, Montgomery JC, Green CR
(1997) Structure and function of the vertebrate magnetic sense. Nature 390:371376
Wallraff HG (1974) Das Navigationssystem der Vogel. Schriftenreihe
"Kybemetik", R Oldenbourg, Mlinchen Wien
Wehner R (1984) Astronavigation in insects. Ann Rev Entomol29:277-298
Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W (1978) Evidence for the use of magnetic outwardjourney information in homing pigeons. Naturwissenschaften 65:112
Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W ( 1990) Zur Entwicklung des SonnenkompaB bei
jungen Brieftauben. J Omithol 131: 1-20
Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W (1995) Magnetic Orientation in Animals. Springer,
Berlin Heidelberg New York
Wiltschko R, Wiltschko W (1998) Pigeon homing: effect of various wavelengths
of light during displacement. Naturwissenschaften 85: 164-167