125
Table 3.4 Land use/cover changes derived from 1974, 2003, and 2009 aerial photographs of Douala (Cameroon) peri-urban setting
Land use/cover
Area at 1974
Area at 2003
Area at 2009
Change
1974–2003
Change
2003–2009
Total change
1974–2009
(km
2
)
(%)
(km
2
)
(%)
(km
2
)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
Mangroves
3.01
51.89
1.81
31.20
1.41
24.29
−39.86
−22.1
−53.16
Settlements
1.05
18.11
1.57
27.06
1.68
28.94
49.52
7
60
Agriculture
–
–
0.25
4.31
0.29
4.99
–
16
–
Other vegetation types
0.15
2.59
0.34
5.86
0.43
7.41
126.66
29.41
193.33
Water
0.17
2.93
0.33
5.69
0.43
7.41
94.11
30.3
152.94
Road
0.06
1.03
0.15
2.58
0.2
3.44
150
33.33
233.33
Sand quarry
–
–
0.01
0.17
0.01
0.17
–
0
–
Youpwe wood market
–
–
0.002
0.03
0.006
0.10
–
66.67
–
Airport
1.36
23
1.34
23
1.35
23
−1.47
0
0
Nfotabong-Atheull et al. (2013)
3 Impact of Urbanization on the Evolution of Mangrove Ecosystems…