.....
N
00
Integration across Domains
Quantitative-qualitative
Identifying points
of connection
between domains
Certain-uncertain knowledge
Discovering new knowledge
Space and time variation
Interdisciplinary communication
Flexible, accessable products
Integration across Formats
Different units
Different accuracies and standards
Different scales and resolution
Different degrees
of aggregation
Different hardware and software
Different digital file formats
Data organization and availability
Integration across Sources
Oral and written traditions
Different views
of cause and effect
Different variable definitions
Different system characteristics
considered significant
Experiential information
Cross-cultural communication
Usefulness
of products
I
I 2
I 3
I 4
I 5
I 6
I 7
I 8
I 9
I 10
I II
I 12
I 13
I 14
I IS
I 16
I 17
I 18
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x x x x x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Key
I. Define process goals and products
2. Define standardization goals
3. Systems studies
4. Key variables, processes, functions
5. Conceptual starting points or foci
6. Identify patterns and processes at
different scales
7. Multiplicity of analytic tools
8. Seek coherent narrative
9. Multidisciplinary teams
10. Dialectic, iterative, nonlinear process
II. Facilitated workshops
12. Consultation, negotiation
13. Reporting and pilot testing
14. Environmental information system, GIS
IS. Simulation systems
16. Knowledge-based tools
17. Hypermedia
18. Internet, communication technologies
FIGURE
9.2. Indicative matrix of the applicability of selected tools for information integration and approaches to identified challenges to information integration.
N
00
Integration across Domains
Quantitative-qualitative
Identifying points
of connection
between domains
Certain-uncertain knowledge
Discovering new knowledge
Space and time variation
Interdisciplinary communication
Flexible, accessable products
Integration across Formats
Different units
Different accuracies and standards
Different scales and resolution
Different degrees
of aggregation
Different hardware and software
Different digital file formats
Data organization and availability
Integration across Sources
Oral and written traditions
Different views
of cause and effect
Different variable definitions
Different system characteristics
considered significant
Experiential information
Cross-cultural communication
Usefulness
of products
I
I 2
I 3
I 4
I 5
I 6
I 7
I 8
I 9
I 10
I II
I 12
I 13
I 14
I IS
I 16
I 17
I 18
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x x x x x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
Key
I. Define process goals and products
2. Define standardization goals
3. Systems studies
4. Key variables, processes, functions
5. Conceptual starting points or foci
6. Identify patterns and processes at
different scales
7. Multiplicity of analytic tools
8. Seek coherent narrative
9. Multidisciplinary teams
10. Dialectic, iterative, nonlinear process
II. Facilitated workshops
12. Consultation, negotiation
13. Reporting and pilot testing
14. Environmental information system, GIS
IS. Simulation systems
16. Knowledge-based tools
17. Hypermedia
18. Internet, communication technologies
FIGURE
9.2. Indicative matrix of the applicability of selected tools for information integration and approaches to identified challenges to information integration.