Editor
Virginia H. Dale
Environmental Sciences Division
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
P.O. Box 2008
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036
USA
dalevh@ornl.gov
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Ecological modeling for resource management / editor, Virginia H. Dale.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. ).
ISBN 0-387-95493-7 (hc : alk. paper)
1. Ecology—Simulation methods. 2. Applied ecology. 3. Natural
resources—Management—Simulation methods. 4. Conservation of natural
resources—Simulation methods. I. Dale, Virginia H.
QH 541.15.S5 E275 2002
333.95—dc21
2002070451
ISBN 0-387-95493-7
Printed on acid-free paper.
© 2003 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without
the written permission of the publisher (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue,
New York, NY 10010, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly
analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic
adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or
hereafter developed is forbidden.
The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even
if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether
or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
Printed in the United States of America.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
SPIN 10877247
www.springer-ny.com
Springer-Verlag New York Berlin Heidelberg
A member of BertelsmannSpringer Science+Business Media GmbH
Virginia H. Dale
Environmental Sciences Division
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
P.O. Box 2008
Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6036
USA
dalevh@ornl.gov
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Ecological modeling for resource management / editor, Virginia H. Dale.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. ).
ISBN 0-387-95493-7 (hc : alk. paper)
1. Ecology—Simulation methods. 2. Applied ecology. 3. Natural
resources—Management—Simulation methods. 4. Conservation of natural
resources—Simulation methods. I. Dale, Virginia H.
QH 541.15.S5 E275 2002
333.95—dc21
2002070451
ISBN 0-387-95493-7
Printed on acid-free paper.
© 2003 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.
All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without
the written permission of the publisher (Springer-Verlag New York, Inc., 175 Fifth Avenue,
New York, NY 10010, USA), except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly
analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic
adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or
hereafter developed is forbidden.
The use in this publication of trade names, trademarks, service marks, and similar terms, even
if they are not identified as such, is not to be taken as an expression of opinion as to whether
or not they are subject to proprietary rights.
Printed in the United States of America.
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
SPIN 10877247
www.springer-ny.com
Springer-Verlag New York Berlin Heidelberg
A member of BertelsmannSpringer Science+Business Media GmbH