Similarity, 36, 38, 39, 42, 46, 48, 49, 57, 62, 92,
118, 150, 170, 182, 188, 333, 393,
394, 400
Simple matching coefficient, 45, 48, 49, 170, 188
Simple structure index (SSI), 98, 99
Simpson, 372, 373, 380, 382, 408
Single linkage, see Clustering, single linkage
Site scores, see Scores, site
Small scale, see Scale, small
Sørensen, see Dissimilarity, Sørensen
Space-time interaction, 361–367
Spatial, 301, 302, 304, 332, 355
dependence, 302, 332, 360
induced, 301, 302, 304, 332, 355
heterogeneity, 303
structure, 7, 299–309, 313, 316, 323, 332,
334, 347, 349, 355–363, 367
variable, 314–355, 363, 364
variation, 300, 308, 315, 329, 332, 370,
379, 383
Spatial autocorrelation, see Correlation,
spatial, autocorrelation
Spatial correlation, see Correlation, spatial
Spatial eigenfunction, see Eigenfunction,
spatial
Spatial scale, see Scale, spatial
Spearman, see Correlation, Spearman
Species
assemblage, 61, 111–119, 256, 289, 309
association, 52, 60, 61, 111, 112, 115
fidelity, 84–87
indicator value (IndVal), 84, 85, 120–126,
134, 135
richness, 19, 20, 369–373, 375, 377, 380,
397, 399
Species contribution to beta diversity (SCBD),
382–387
Species diversity, see Diversity, species
Species scores, see Scores, species
Specificity, 84, 120, 123, 124, 168
SSE, 96, 97
Standardization, 21, 22, 32, 46, 55, 113, 156,
162, 164, 206, 275, 278, 283, 333
Stationarity, 308, 355
second-order, 308
Steinhaus, see Dissimilarity, Steinhaus
Stepwise selection, see Selection, stepwise
Structure function, see Function, structure
Subtree, 77–79
Supplementary
objects, 163, 164, 178
sites, 178, 179
variables, 161–163, 178, 184–186
Symmetrical, 32, 36–38, 45, 46, 48, 49, 172
T
Table
community, 92–96
contingency, 77, 102, 111, 186
Taxonomic diversity, see Diversity,
taxonomic
tb-RDA, see Redundancy analysis (RDA),
transformation-based (tb-RDA)
Temporal correlation, see Correlation,
temporal
Test
F, 112, 220
Kruskal-Wallis, 107, 109
multiple, 110, 116, 122, 123, 134, 290,
294, 306–308, 364
parametric, 219, 302, 322
permutation, 112, 116, 121, 123, 168,
169, 219–221, 238, 250, 260–262,
272, 279, 324, 355, 364, 387
simultaneous, 308, 309, 356, 387
statistical, 70, 121, 125, 152, 157, 288,
302–304, 347, 355, 358
Total error sum of squares (TESS), 96, 99
Traits (species), 203, 204, 281, 287–297, 369,
370, 404, 405, 408–410
Transformation, 21–27, 32, 40, 44, 48, 52,
55, 57, 98, 107, 136, 162, 164,
166, 169, 198, 204, 230, 250,
278, 297, 386
Box-Cox, 40
chi-square, 22, 42, 55, 168
chord, 39, 40, 55, 97, 130, 142, 170, 183,
257, 386
Hellinger, 40, 55, 113, 162, 166–168,
184, 190, 191, 200, 208, 214,
224, 231, 245, 283, 306, 313,
320, 324, 356–358, 360, 361,
387, 388
log-chord, 40, 42, 55, 170, 183
Trend-surface analysis, 249, 309–314, 316
Triplot, 211, 213, 214, 216–218, 223, 224,
231, 232, 238, 243, 245, 246,
248, 249, 251, 256–260
Typology, 5, 59, 100, 107–112, 123, 135,
150, 185, 186, 256, 263, 266
U
Unconstrained clustering, see Clustering,
unconstrained
Univariate regression tree, see Regresison tree,
univariate
UPGMA, see Clustering, UPGMA
UPGMC, see Clustering, UPGMC
434
Index
118, 150, 170, 182, 188, 333, 393,
394, 400
Simple matching coefficient, 45, 48, 49, 170, 188
Simple structure index (SSI), 98, 99
Simpson, 372, 373, 380, 382, 408
Single linkage, see Clustering, single linkage
Site scores, see Scores, site
Small scale, see Scale, small
Sørensen, see Dissimilarity, Sørensen
Space-time interaction, 361–367
Spatial, 301, 302, 304, 332, 355
dependence, 302, 332, 360
induced, 301, 302, 304, 332, 355
heterogeneity, 303
structure, 7, 299–309, 313, 316, 323, 332,
334, 347, 349, 355–363, 367
variable, 314–355, 363, 364
variation, 300, 308, 315, 329, 332, 370,
379, 383
Spatial autocorrelation, see Correlation,
spatial, autocorrelation
Spatial correlation, see Correlation, spatial
Spatial eigenfunction, see Eigenfunction,
spatial
Spatial scale, see Scale, spatial
Spearman, see Correlation, Spearman
Species
assemblage, 61, 111–119, 256, 289, 309
association, 52, 60, 61, 111, 112, 115
fidelity, 84–87
indicator value (IndVal), 84, 85, 120–126,
134, 135
richness, 19, 20, 369–373, 375, 377, 380,
397, 399
Species contribution to beta diversity (SCBD),
382–387
Species diversity, see Diversity, species
Species scores, see Scores, species
Specificity, 84, 120, 123, 124, 168
SSE, 96, 97
Standardization, 21, 22, 32, 46, 55, 113, 156,
162, 164, 206, 275, 278, 283, 333
Stationarity, 308, 355
second-order, 308
Steinhaus, see Dissimilarity, Steinhaus
Stepwise selection, see Selection, stepwise
Structure function, see Function, structure
Subtree, 77–79
Supplementary
objects, 163, 164, 178
sites, 178, 179
variables, 161–163, 178, 184–186
Symmetrical, 32, 36–38, 45, 46, 48, 49, 172
T
Table
community, 92–96
contingency, 77, 102, 111, 186
Taxonomic diversity, see Diversity,
taxonomic
tb-RDA, see Redundancy analysis (RDA),
transformation-based (tb-RDA)
Temporal correlation, see Correlation,
temporal
Test
F, 112, 220
Kruskal-Wallis, 107, 109
multiple, 110, 116, 122, 123, 134, 290,
294, 306–308, 364
parametric, 219, 302, 322
permutation, 112, 116, 121, 123, 168,
169, 219–221, 238, 250, 260–262,
272, 279, 324, 355, 364, 387
simultaneous, 308, 309, 356, 387
statistical, 70, 121, 125, 152, 157, 288,
302–304, 347, 355, 358
Total error sum of squares (TESS), 96, 99
Traits (species), 203, 204, 281, 287–297, 369,
370, 404, 405, 408–410
Transformation, 21–27, 32, 40, 44, 48, 52,
55, 57, 98, 107, 136, 162, 164,
166, 169, 198, 204, 230, 250,
278, 297, 386
Box-Cox, 40
chi-square, 22, 42, 55, 168
chord, 39, 40, 55, 97, 130, 142, 170, 183,
257, 386
Hellinger, 40, 55, 113, 162, 166–168,
184, 190, 191, 200, 208, 214,
224, 231, 245, 283, 306, 313,
320, 324, 356–358, 360, 361,
387, 388
log-chord, 40, 42, 55, 170, 183
Trend-surface analysis, 249, 309–314, 316
Triplot, 211, 213, 214, 216–218, 223, 224,
231, 232, 238, 243, 245, 246,
248, 249, 251, 256–260
Typology, 5, 59, 100, 107–112, 123, 135,
150, 185, 186, 256, 263, 266
U
Unconstrained clustering, see Clustering,
unconstrained
Univariate regression tree, see Regresison tree,
univariate
UPGMA, see Clustering, UPGMA
UPGMC, see Clustering, UPGMC
434
Index