86
4. Protocol for Aquatic Hazard Assessment
Saiki, M. K. 1986. A field example of selenium contamination in an aquatic food
chain. In Selenium in the Environment-Proceedings of the First Annual Environmental Symposium. Fresno, CA. California State University. Publication
No. CATl/860201. pp. 67-76.
Saiki, M. K., and T. P. Lowe. 1987. Selenium in aquatic organisms from subsurface
agricultural drainage water, San Joaquin Valley, California. Archives ofEnvironmental Contamination and Toxicology 16:657-670.
Saiki, M. K., M. R. Jennings, and W. G. Brumbaugh. 1993. Boron, molybdenum,
and selenium in aquatic food chains from the lower San Joaquin River and its
tributaries, California. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
24:307-319.
Sanders, R. W., and C. C. Gilmour. 1994. Accumulation of selenium in a model
freshwater microbial food web. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60:26772683.
Schuler, C. A., R. G. Anthony, and H. M. Ohlendorf. 1990. Selenium in wetlands
and waterfowl foods at Kesterson Reservoir, California, 1984. Archives ofEnvironmental Contamination and Toxicology 19:845-853.
Schultz, R., and R. Hermanutz. 1990. Transfer of toxic concentrations of selenium
from parent to progeny in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Bulletin of
Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 45:568-573.
Seiler, R. L., J. P. Skorupa, and L. A. Peltz. 1999. Areas susceptible to irrigationinduced selenium contamination of water and biota in the western United States.
Denver, CO. U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1180.
Skorupa, J. P., and H. M. Ohlendorf. 1991. Contaminants in drainage water and
avian risk thresholds. In The Economics and Management of Water and Drainage in
Agriculture, eds. A. Dinar and D. Zilberman, 345-368. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Skorupa, J. P., S. P. Morman, and J. S. Sefchick-Edwards. 1996. Guidelines for
interpreting selenium exposures of biota associated with nonmarine aquatic
habitats. Sacramento, CA. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sacramento Field
Office. Technical Report.
Skorupa, J. P. 1998. Selenium poisoning of fish and wildlife in nature: Lessons
from twelve real-world experiences. In Environmental Chemistry ofSelenium, eds.
W. T. Frankenberger, Jr., and R. A. Engberg, 315-354. New York: Marcel Dekker.
Smith, G. J., G. H. Heinz, D. J. Hoffman, J. W. Spann, and A. J. Krynitsky. 1988.
Reproduction in black-crowned night-herons fed selenium. Lake and Reservoir
Management 4: 175-180.
Sorensen, E. M. B., C. W. Harlan, and J. S. Bell. 1982a. Renal changes in seleniumexposed fish. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 3: 123-129.
Sorensen, E. M. B., T. L. Bauer, J. S. Bell, and C. W. Harlan. 1982b. Selenium
accumulation and cytotoxicity in teleosts following chronic, environmental exposure. Bulletin ofEnvironmental Contamination and Toxicology 29:688-696.
Sorensen, E. M. B., and T. L. Bauer. 1983. Hematological dyscrasia in teleosts
chronically exposed to selenium-laden effluent. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 12: 13 5-141.
Sorensen, E. M. B., J. S. Bell, and C. W. Harlan. 1983a. Histopathological changes
in selenium-exposed fish. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology
4. Protocol for Aquatic Hazard Assessment
Saiki, M. K. 1986. A field example of selenium contamination in an aquatic food
chain. In Selenium in the Environment-Proceedings of the First Annual Environmental Symposium. Fresno, CA. California State University. Publication
No. CATl/860201. pp. 67-76.
Saiki, M. K., and T. P. Lowe. 1987. Selenium in aquatic organisms from subsurface
agricultural drainage water, San Joaquin Valley, California. Archives ofEnvironmental Contamination and Toxicology 16:657-670.
Saiki, M. K., M. R. Jennings, and W. G. Brumbaugh. 1993. Boron, molybdenum,
and selenium in aquatic food chains from the lower San Joaquin River and its
tributaries, California. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
24:307-319.
Sanders, R. W., and C. C. Gilmour. 1994. Accumulation of selenium in a model
freshwater microbial food web. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60:26772683.
Schuler, C. A., R. G. Anthony, and H. M. Ohlendorf. 1990. Selenium in wetlands
and waterfowl foods at Kesterson Reservoir, California, 1984. Archives ofEnvironmental Contamination and Toxicology 19:845-853.
Schultz, R., and R. Hermanutz. 1990. Transfer of toxic concentrations of selenium
from parent to progeny in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Bulletin of
Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 45:568-573.
Seiler, R. L., J. P. Skorupa, and L. A. Peltz. 1999. Areas susceptible to irrigationinduced selenium contamination of water and biota in the western United States.
Denver, CO. U.S. Geological Survey, Information Services. U.S. Geological Survey Circular 1180.
Skorupa, J. P., and H. M. Ohlendorf. 1991. Contaminants in drainage water and
avian risk thresholds. In The Economics and Management of Water and Drainage in
Agriculture, eds. A. Dinar and D. Zilberman, 345-368. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Skorupa, J. P., S. P. Morman, and J. S. Sefchick-Edwards. 1996. Guidelines for
interpreting selenium exposures of biota associated with nonmarine aquatic
habitats. Sacramento, CA. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Sacramento Field
Office. Technical Report.
Skorupa, J. P. 1998. Selenium poisoning of fish and wildlife in nature: Lessons
from twelve real-world experiences. In Environmental Chemistry ofSelenium, eds.
W. T. Frankenberger, Jr., and R. A. Engberg, 315-354. New York: Marcel Dekker.
Smith, G. J., G. H. Heinz, D. J. Hoffman, J. W. Spann, and A. J. Krynitsky. 1988.
Reproduction in black-crowned night-herons fed selenium. Lake and Reservoir
Management 4: 175-180.
Sorensen, E. M. B., C. W. Harlan, and J. S. Bell. 1982a. Renal changes in seleniumexposed fish. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology 3: 123-129.
Sorensen, E. M. B., T. L. Bauer, J. S. Bell, and C. W. Harlan. 1982b. Selenium
accumulation and cytotoxicity in teleosts following chronic, environmental exposure. Bulletin ofEnvironmental Contamination and Toxicology 29:688-696.
Sorensen, E. M. B., and T. L. Bauer. 1983. Hematological dyscrasia in teleosts
chronically exposed to selenium-laden effluent. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 12: 13 5-141.
Sorensen, E. M. B., J. S. Bell, and C. W. Harlan. 1983a. Histopathological changes
in selenium-exposed fish. American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology