408
Index
Tree-Ring Laboratory (TRL), dendroclimatic reconstruction at,
77
Tree rings, as indicators of climatic
change, 75
Tree-ring width reconstruction
of precipitation in Patagonia,
202
of temperature, 81
of winter precipitation in northwestern New Mexico, 80
Tree species
shade-intolerant, 182-183
effect of volcanism on, 187188
stand formation following tectonic
disturbances, 186
shade-tolerant, 182
temperate rainforest
North America (list), 181
shade-intolerant, 182-183
South America (list), 179
Trends
in the character of lakes, Chile and
British Columbia, 276-277
policy initiatives in biodiversity conservation, 370-373
Tri-Creeks watershed, inland British
Columbia, 61
Tristerix corymbosus, dependence of
hummingbirds on, 258
TRL (Tree-Ring Laboratory), 77
Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock),
180
genetic diversity of, 112, 114
history of, 287-292
stand development, at sea level,
185
Tsuga mertensiana (Mountain hemlock), 114, 180
stand development, 185
ring-width of
temperature reconstruction based
on ,81
and density chronologies, Pacific
Northwest, 79
Turnover rates , through gap processes,
influence of wind on, 192
U
UNCED (United Nations Conference
on Environment and Development),370
Understory birds
Alaska and Chile, 235
diversity of, 239
Understory reinitiation stage
stand development, 183,201
use of plant communities to predict
frequency of avalanches, 191192
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
(UNCED), 370
United States, midwestern
avian population as a latitudinal control,230
avian population guild assignments,
231
Upwelling
coastal,37
sulfur cycling in, 42-55
western North America, 37
oceanic, 36-37
V
Vaccinium parvifolium, preference of
herbivores for, 196
Valdivian rainforest, 176
diversity of flora in, 155, 156, 179180
replacement of, following disturbance,202
representative, study of plantfrugivore interactions, 250
tectonic disturbances of, 185-186
wind disturbances of, 192-193
Vascular plant species, 118-121
Chile, 124-125
regional distribution of, Tasmania,
326
South American Pacific coast, 149152
Tasmania, diversity of, 125
Vegetation cover, variation with latitude, 9-10
Index
Tree-Ring Laboratory (TRL), dendroclimatic reconstruction at,
77
Tree rings, as indicators of climatic
change, 75
Tree-ring width reconstruction
of precipitation in Patagonia,
202
of temperature, 81
of winter precipitation in northwestern New Mexico, 80
Tree species
shade-intolerant, 182-183
effect of volcanism on, 187188
stand formation following tectonic
disturbances, 186
shade-tolerant, 182
temperate rainforest
North America (list), 181
shade-intolerant, 182-183
South America (list), 179
Trends
in the character of lakes, Chile and
British Columbia, 276-277
policy initiatives in biodiversity conservation, 370-373
Tri-Creeks watershed, inland British
Columbia, 61
Tristerix corymbosus, dependence of
hummingbirds on, 258
TRL (Tree-Ring Laboratory), 77
Tsuga heterophylla (western hemlock),
180
genetic diversity of, 112, 114
history of, 287-292
stand development, at sea level,
185
Tsuga mertensiana (Mountain hemlock), 114, 180
stand development, 185
ring-width of
temperature reconstruction based
on ,81
and density chronologies, Pacific
Northwest, 79
Turnover rates , through gap processes,
influence of wind on, 192
U
UNCED (United Nations Conference
on Environment and Development),370
Understory birds
Alaska and Chile, 235
diversity of, 239
Understory reinitiation stage
stand development, 183,201
use of plant communities to predict
frequency of avalanches, 191192
United Nations Conference on Environment and Development
(UNCED), 370
United States, midwestern
avian population as a latitudinal control,230
avian population guild assignments,
231
Upwelling
coastal,37
sulfur cycling in, 42-55
western North America, 37
oceanic, 36-37
V
Vaccinium parvifolium, preference of
herbivores for, 196
Valdivian rainforest, 176
diversity of flora in, 155, 156, 179180
replacement of, following disturbance,202
representative, study of plantfrugivore interactions, 250
tectonic disturbances of, 185-186
wind disturbances of, 192-193
Vascular plant species, 118-121
Chile, 124-125
regional distribution of, Tasmania,
326
South American Pacific coast, 149152
Tasmania, diversity of, 125
Vegetation cover, variation with latitude, 9-10