Index
395
reproductive dependence of plants
on, 257
Elements
atmospheric versus geologic sources
of,61 -63
major, in watershed streams, North
and South America, 65-66
Elevation, north-south variation, west
coast of the Americas, 8-9
Elk. See Cervus elaphus
EI Nifio
correlation with sea-surface temperature, 35
correlation with upwelling pattern
along the California coast, 38
extremes in temperature and precipitation due to, 20, 25
El-Nifio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
correlation with tree-ring width and
density, Pacific Northwest, 79,
83
influence on temperature and precipitation, western North America,
80
Embothrium coccineum, passerines
feeding on, 258
Endangered species, 357-359
Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Committee on the Status of, 357
Energy balance
model (EBM), 55
variation between north and south ,
west coasts of the Americas, 1618
and water balance, 5-6
Energy flux, data source , 7
Energy input, asymmetry in, North and
South American western coasts,
5
England, reforestation, 114
Englemann spruce. See Picea engelmanii
ENSO. See El-Nifio-Southern Oscillation
Environment, physical
west coast of North America, 106109
west coast of the Americas, 177-182
Equator, climatological, 24
Erethixon dorsatum (Porcupine), 196
Erosion, and logging, 348
Eucalypts
in the Andes, 98
maintenance in burnt rainforest, 327328
Eucalyptus
replanting with, in Chile, 261
in Tasmania and Australia, 320
Eucalyptus obliqua, in mixed forests,
Tasmania, 332-333
Eucalyptus regnans, in mixed forests,
Tasmania, 332-333
Eucryphia cordifolia
colonization at glacial sites, 189
stand development, 182
Eucryphia lucida, dominance in lowland rainforest, 328-329
Eutrophication, short-term trend, lakes
of Chile and British Columbia,
276
Evaporative demand
effect of climate changes on, 311-312
and latent heat flux, 17
Evapotranspiration, losses from, after
logging, 346-347
Evergreen trees, characteristic of temperate rainforests, 173
F
Families, taxonomic, of avifaunas of
Alaskan and Chiloe forests, 234
Feedback
dimethylsulfide, and global climate, 44
among vegetation, physical environment, and fire, in Tasmania, 328
Fire
anthropogenic, 198-199
in Tasmania, 332
constraint on trees' adaptation, 111
effects of disturbance by, 193-195,
295
Tasmania, 326-327
and stand development, 184
succession determined by, in eucalyptus forests, 322
in warm temperate and seasonal
zones, and diversity, 123
395
reproductive dependence of plants
on, 257
Elements
atmospheric versus geologic sources
of,61 -63
major, in watershed streams, North
and South America, 65-66
Elevation, north-south variation, west
coast of the Americas, 8-9
Elk. See Cervus elaphus
EI Nifio
correlation with sea-surface temperature, 35
correlation with upwelling pattern
along the California coast, 38
extremes in temperature and precipitation due to, 20, 25
El-Nifio-Southern Oscillation (ENSO)
correlation with tree-ring width and
density, Pacific Northwest, 79,
83
influence on temperature and precipitation, western North America,
80
Embothrium coccineum, passerines
feeding on, 258
Endangered species, 357-359
Endangered Wildlife in Canada, Committee on the Status of, 357
Energy balance
model (EBM), 55
variation between north and south ,
west coasts of the Americas, 1618
and water balance, 5-6
Energy flux, data source , 7
Energy input, asymmetry in, North and
South American western coasts,
5
England, reforestation, 114
Englemann spruce. See Picea engelmanii
ENSO. See El-Nifio-Southern Oscillation
Environment, physical
west coast of North America, 106109
west coast of the Americas, 177-182
Equator, climatological, 24
Erethixon dorsatum (Porcupine), 196
Erosion, and logging, 348
Eucalypts
in the Andes, 98
maintenance in burnt rainforest, 327328
Eucalyptus
replanting with, in Chile, 261
in Tasmania and Australia, 320
Eucalyptus obliqua, in mixed forests,
Tasmania, 332-333
Eucalyptus regnans, in mixed forests,
Tasmania, 332-333
Eucryphia cordifolia
colonization at glacial sites, 189
stand development, 182
Eucryphia lucida, dominance in lowland rainforest, 328-329
Eutrophication, short-term trend, lakes
of Chile and British Columbia,
276
Evaporative demand
effect of climate changes on, 311-312
and latent heat flux, 17
Evapotranspiration, losses from, after
logging, 346-347
Evergreen trees, characteristic of temperate rainforests, 173
F
Families, taxonomic, of avifaunas of
Alaskan and Chiloe forests, 234
Feedback
dimethylsulfide, and global climate, 44
among vegetation, physical environment, and fire, in Tasmania, 328
Fire
anthropogenic, 198-199
in Tasmania, 332
constraint on trees' adaptation, 111
effects of disturbance by, 193-195,
295
Tasmania, 326-327
and stand development, 184
succession determined by, in eucalyptus forests, 322
in warm temperate and seasonal
zones, and diversity, 123