212
T.T. Veblen and P.B. Alaback
Schwab, l .W. 1983. Mass Wasting: October-November 1978 Storm, Rennell Sound,
Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Victoria: British Columbia Ministry
of Forests, Research Note 91.
Sedell, l.R., and Duval, W.S. 1985. Water Transportation and Storage of Logs .
Influence of Forest and Rangeleand Management on Anadromous Fish Habitat
in Western North America 5. Portland, OR : V.S .D.A., Forest Service, Pacific
Northwest Experiment Station , General Technical Report PNW-186.
Smith, R.B . 1979. History and current status of Sitka black-tailed deer in the
Kodiak Archipelago. In D.C. Wallmo and l .W. Schoen (eds.), Sitka black
tailed deer, Proceedings of a Conference, February22-24, 1978, Juneau, Alaska
(pp. 184-195). Juneau, AK: V.S.D .A., Forest Service, Pacific Northwest
Research Station .
Smith, R.B., and Commandeur, P.R. 1986. Soils, Vegetation and Forest Growth
on Landslides and Surrounding Logged and Old-Growth Areas on the Queen
Charlotte Islands. Victoria: British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Land Management Report No. 41.
Spies, T.A . 1991. Plant species diversity and occurrence in young, mature, and
old-growth Douglas-fir stands in Western Oregon and Washington. In L.F .
Ruggiero, K.B . Aubry , A.B . Carey, and M.H. Huff (eds.), Wildlife and
Vegetation of Unmanaged Douglas-fir forests. Portland , OR : V .S.D.A., Pacific
Northwest Research Station, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-285.
Spies, T.A., and Franklin, l.F. 1988. Old growth and forest dynamics in the
Douglas-fir region of western Oregon and Washington. Nat Areas J, 8,
190-201.
Spies, T.A., and Franklin, l .F. 1989. Gap characteristics and vegetation response
in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest . Ecology, 70(3), 543-545 .
Spies, T.A., Franklin , l.F., and Klopsch, M. 1990. Gap characteristics and
vegetation response in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest. Can J For
Res, 20, 649-658.
Stewart. G.H . 1986. Population dynamics of a montane conifer forest , western
Cascade Range , Oregon. Ecology, 67, 534-544.
Swanston, D.N ., and Marion, D.A. 1991. Landslide response to timber harvest
in Southeast Alaska . In S.S. Fan and V .H. Kuo (eds.), Proceedings of the
Fifth Federal interagency sedimentation conference, March 18-21, 1991, Las
Vegas, Nevada (pp. 49-56) . Washington, DC : Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission.
Swanston, D.N., and Swanson, F.l. 1976. Timber harvesting mass erosion, and
steepland forest geomorphology in the Pacific Northwest . In Dr. Coates (ed.) ,
Geomorphology and Engineering (pp. 199-221). Stroudsburg, PA: Hutchison
and Ross.
Taylor, A.H. 1990. Disturbance and persistence of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis
(Bong) Carr.) in coastal forests of the Pacific Northwest, North America. J
Biogeog, 17,47-58.
Trenberth, K.E. 1990. Recent observed interdecadal climate changes in the
northern hemisphere. Bull Am Meteor Soc , 71, 988-993.
Veblen, T.T. 1985a. Forest development in tree-fall gaps in the temperate rain
forests of Chile. Nat Geog Res, 1, 161-184.
Veblen, T.T. 1985b. Stand dynamics in Chilean Nothofagus forests. In S.T.A .
Pickett and P.S. White (eds.), The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch
Dynamics (pp. 35-51) . New York : Academic Press.
Veblen, T.T . 1989. Tree regeneration in response to gaps along a transandean
gradient . Ecology , 70, 543-545 .
Veblen, T.T ., and Ashton, D .H. 1978. Catastrophic influences on the vegetation
of the Valdivian Andes. Vegetatio, 36,149-167.
T.T. Veblen and P.B. Alaback
Schwab, l .W. 1983. Mass Wasting: October-November 1978 Storm, Rennell Sound,
Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia. Victoria: British Columbia Ministry
of Forests, Research Note 91.
Sedell, l.R., and Duval, W.S. 1985. Water Transportation and Storage of Logs .
Influence of Forest and Rangeleand Management on Anadromous Fish Habitat
in Western North America 5. Portland, OR : V.S .D.A., Forest Service, Pacific
Northwest Experiment Station , General Technical Report PNW-186.
Smith, R.B . 1979. History and current status of Sitka black-tailed deer in the
Kodiak Archipelago. In D.C. Wallmo and l .W. Schoen (eds.), Sitka black
tailed deer, Proceedings of a Conference, February22-24, 1978, Juneau, Alaska
(pp. 184-195). Juneau, AK: V.S.D .A., Forest Service, Pacific Northwest
Research Station .
Smith, R.B., and Commandeur, P.R. 1986. Soils, Vegetation and Forest Growth
on Landslides and Surrounding Logged and Old-Growth Areas on the Queen
Charlotte Islands. Victoria: British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Land Management Report No. 41.
Spies, T.A . 1991. Plant species diversity and occurrence in young, mature, and
old-growth Douglas-fir stands in Western Oregon and Washington. In L.F .
Ruggiero, K.B . Aubry , A.B . Carey, and M.H. Huff (eds.), Wildlife and
Vegetation of Unmanaged Douglas-fir forests. Portland , OR : V .S.D.A., Pacific
Northwest Research Station, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-285.
Spies, T.A., and Franklin, l.F. 1988. Old growth and forest dynamics in the
Douglas-fir region of western Oregon and Washington. Nat Areas J, 8,
190-201.
Spies, T.A., and Franklin, l .F. 1989. Gap characteristics and vegetation response
in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest . Ecology, 70(3), 543-545 .
Spies, T.A., Franklin , l.F., and Klopsch, M. 1990. Gap characteristics and
vegetation response in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest. Can J For
Res, 20, 649-658.
Stewart. G.H . 1986. Population dynamics of a montane conifer forest , western
Cascade Range , Oregon. Ecology, 67, 534-544.
Swanston, D.N ., and Marion, D.A. 1991. Landslide response to timber harvest
in Southeast Alaska . In S.S. Fan and V .H. Kuo (eds.), Proceedings of the
Fifth Federal interagency sedimentation conference, March 18-21, 1991, Las
Vegas, Nevada (pp. 49-56) . Washington, DC : Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission.
Swanston, D.N., and Swanson, F.l. 1976. Timber harvesting mass erosion, and
steepland forest geomorphology in the Pacific Northwest . In Dr. Coates (ed.) ,
Geomorphology and Engineering (pp. 199-221). Stroudsburg, PA: Hutchison
and Ross.
Taylor, A.H. 1990. Disturbance and persistence of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis
(Bong) Carr.) in coastal forests of the Pacific Northwest, North America. J
Biogeog, 17,47-58.
Trenberth, K.E. 1990. Recent observed interdecadal climate changes in the
northern hemisphere. Bull Am Meteor Soc , 71, 988-993.
Veblen, T.T. 1985a. Forest development in tree-fall gaps in the temperate rain
forests of Chile. Nat Geog Res, 1, 161-184.
Veblen, T.T. 1985b. Stand dynamics in Chilean Nothofagus forests. In S.T.A .
Pickett and P.S. White (eds.), The Ecology of Natural Disturbance and Patch
Dynamics (pp. 35-51) . New York : Academic Press.
Veblen, T.T . 1989. Tree regeneration in response to gaps along a transandean
gradient . Ecology , 70, 543-545 .
Veblen, T.T ., and Ashton, D .H. 1978. Catastrophic influences on the vegetation
of the Valdivian Andes. Vegetatio, 36,149-167.